在asp.net2.0的网页开发模式下,我们一般通过直将访问页面控件, 将值写入到页面, 但在Asp.net MVC模式下,已不能在Controller中再去访问页面控件了,要如何才能给View页面传值呢?
namespace System.Web.Mvc { // 摘要: // Represents the base class for all MVC controllers. public abstract class ControllerBase : MarshalByRefObject, IController { protected ControllerBase(); // 摘要: // Gets or sets the controller context. public ControllerContext ControllerContext { get; set; } // // 摘要: // Gets or sets the temporary data. public TempDataDictionary TempData { get; set; } // // 摘要: // Gets or sets a value indicating whether the request is valid. public bool ValidateRequest { get; set; } // // 摘要: // Gets or sets the value provider. public IDictionary ValueProvider { get; set; } // // 摘要: // Gets or sets the view data. public ViewDataDictionary ViewData { get; set; } // 摘要: // Executes the specified request context. // // 參數: // requestContext: // The request context. protected virtual void Execute(RequestContext requestContext); // // 摘要: // Executes the core. protected abstract void ExecuteCore(); // // 摘要: // Initializes the specified request context. // // 參數: // requestContext: // The request context. protected virtual void Initialize(RequestContext requestContext); } }
// 摘要: // Base class used to supply the model to the view and then render the view // to the response. public abstract class ViewResultBase : ActionResult { protected ViewResultBase(); // 摘要: // Gets or sets the System.Web.Mvc.TempDataDictionary for this result. public TempDataDictionary TempData { get; set; } // // 摘要: // Gets or sets the System.Web.Mvc.IView that is rendered to the response. public IView View { get; set; } // // 摘要: // Gets or sets the view data System.Web.Mvc.ViewDataDictionary for this result. public ViewDataDictionary ViewData { get; set; } // // 摘要: // Gets or sets the view engines (System.Web.Mvc.ViewEngineCollection) associated // with this result. public ViewEngineCollection ViewEngineCollection { get; set; } // // 摘要: // Gets or sets the name of the view to be rendered. public string ViewName { get; set; } // 摘要: // When called by the action invoker, renders the view to the response. // // 參數: // context: // The context within which the result is executed. public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context); // // 摘要: // When overridden, returns the System.Web.Mvc.ViewEngineResult used to render // the view. // // 參數: // context: // The context. // // 傳回: // The view engine. protected abstract ViewEngineResult FindView(ControllerContext context); }
public ActionResult Index() { ViewData["Message"] = "Welcome to ASP.NET MVC!"; return View(); }
TempData使用方式与View使用方式一致.
Name:<%= Html.TextBox("name") %>
Name:<%= Html.TextBox("name", ViewData["Nm"]) %>
<% if (ViewData["name"] != null) { Response.Write("your name is:" + ViewData["name"] + ", your sex is:" + ViewData["sex"]); } %> Action代码: public ActionResult Index(string name, string sex) { ViewData["Message"] = "Welcome to ASP.NET MVC!"; ViewData["name"] = name; ViewData["sex"] = sex; return View(); }
public ActionResult Index() { ViewData["Message"] = "Welcome to ASP.NET MVC!"; ViewData["name"] = Request.Form["name"]; ViewData["sex"] = Request.Form["sex"]; return View(); }
public ActionResult Index(FormCollection form) { ViewData["Message"] = "Welcome to ASP.NET MVC!"; User u=new User(); u.Name = form["Name"]; u.Password = form["Password"]; return View(u); }
public ActionResult ModelDemo() { User u= new User() { UserName="li", Password="abcde" }; return View(u); }
在Controller中有两个字典(ViewData和TempData)来实现View之间的值传递, 在ControllerBase类声明中我们就可以看到:
- namespace System.Web.Mvc
- {
- // 摘要:
- // Represents the base class for all MVC controllers.
- public abstract class ControllerBase : MarshalByRefObject, IController
- {
- protected ControllerBase();
- // 摘要:
- // Gets or sets the controller context.
- public ControllerContext ControllerContext { get; set; }
- //
- // 摘要:
- // Gets or sets the temporary data.
- public TempDataDictionary TempData { get; set; }
- //
- // 摘要:
- // Gets or sets a value indicating whether the request is valid.
- public bool ValidateRequest { get; set; }
- //
- // 摘要:
- // Gets or sets the value provider.
- public IDictionary<string, ValueProviderResult> ValueProvider { get; set; }
- //
- // 摘要:
- // Gets or sets the view data.
- public ViewDataDictionary ViewData { get; set; }
- // 摘要:
- // Executes the specified request context.
- //
- // 參數:
- // requestContext:
- // The request context.
- protected virtual void Execute(RequestContext requestContext);
- //
- // 摘要:
- // Executes the core.
- protected abstract void ExecuteCore();
- //
- // 摘要:
- // Initializes the specified request context.
- //
- // 參數:
- // requestContext:
- // The request context.
- protected virtual void Initialize(RequestContext requestContext);
- }
- }
而在ViewResultBase中我们同样可以看到它也含有这两个字典存在:
- // 摘要:
- // Base class used to supply the model to the view and then render the view
- // to the response.
- public abstract class ViewResultBase : ActionResult
- {
- protected ViewResultBase();
- // 摘要:
- // Gets or sets the System.Web.Mvc.TempDataDictionary for this result.
- public TempDataDictionary TempData { get; set; }
- //
- // 摘要:
- // Gets or sets the System.Web.Mvc.IView that is rendered to the response.
- public IView View { get; set; }
- //
- // 摘要:
- // Gets or sets the view data System.Web.Mvc.ViewDataDictionary for this result.
- public ViewDataDictionary ViewData { get; set; }
- //
- // 摘要:
- // Gets or sets the view engines (System.Web.Mvc.ViewEngineCollection) associated
- // with this result.
- public ViewEngineCollection ViewEngineCollection { get; set; }
- //
- // 摘要:
- // Gets or sets the name of the view to be rendered.
- public string ViewName { get; set; }
- // 摘要:
- // When called by the action invoker, renders the view to the response.
- //
- // 參數:
- // context:
- // The context within which the result is executed.
- public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context);
- //
- // 摘要:
- // When overridden, returns the System.Web.Mvc.ViewEngineResult used to render
- // the view.
- //
- // 參數:
- // context:
- // The context.
- //
- // 傳回:
- // The view engine.
- protected abstract ViewEngineResult FindView(ControllerContext context);
- }
由此可以看出,Controller通过ViewData,TempData传通到ViewResult中, 然后再由ViewResult传递到ViewPage中来实现值传递的。
1.TempData和ViewData的应用
ViewData只对当前Action有效,而TempData有点类似于Session, 可在所有View访问, 一般用于记录错误信息.
Action代码:
- public ActionResult Index()
- {
- ViewData["Message"] = "Welcome to ASP.NET MVC!";
- return View();
- }
页面代码:
<%= Html.Encode(ViewData[
"Message"]) %>
<%= Html.Encode(ViewData["Message"]) %>
TempData使用方式与View使用方式一致.
2. ViewData与TextBox实现自动绑定
利用HtmlHelper创建TextBox时,使用名称与ViewData中的Key一致, 就会自动实现值绑定,如:
- Name:<%= Html.TextBox("name") %>
名称不相同的情况下,也可以利用TextBox的重载传值:
- Name:<%= Html.TextBox("name", ViewData["Nm"]) %>
3.View向Controller传值
1). 利用Action参数
- Name:"text" name="name" />
- Sex: "text" name="sex" />
- "submit" value="submit" />
- <%
- if (ViewData["name"] != null)
- {
- Response.Write("your name is:" + ViewData["name"] + ", your sex is:" + ViewData["sex"]);
- }
- %>
- :
- public ActionResult Index(string name, string sex)
- {
- ViewData["Message"] = "Welcome to ASP.NET MVC!";
- ViewData["name"] = name;
- ViewData["sex"] = sex;
- return View();
- }
2).利用Request.From或Request.QueryString
- public ActionResult Index()
- {
- ViewData["Message"] = "Welcome to ASP.NET MVC!";
- ViewData["name"] = Request.Form["name"];
- ViewData["sex"] = Request.Form["sex"];
- return View();
- }
3). 利用FormCollection获取页面值
- public ActionResult Index(FormCollection form)
- {
- ViewData["Message"] = "Welcome to ASP.NET MVC!";
- User u=new User();
- u.Name = form["Name"];
- u.Password = form["Password"];
- return View(u);
- }
4.传递强类型
1).添加一个传递强类型Model的Action
- public ActionResult ModelDemo()
- {
- User u= new User() { UserName="li", Password="abcde" };
- return View(u);
- }
对应的View也需要继随于ViewPage, 对应代码如下:
- <%User u = (User)ViewData.Model;%>
- UserName:
- <%= Html.Encode(u.UserName) %>
-
- Password:
- <%= Html.Encode(u.Password) %>