SpringBoot + SpringSecurity + JWT认证

• jwt

  • 简介

    JWT是一种用于双方之间传递安全信息的简洁的、URL安全的表述性声明规范。JWT作为一个开放的标准（ RFC 7519 ），定义了一种简洁的，自包含的方法用于通信双方之间以Json对象的形式安全的传递信息。因为数字签名的存在，这些信息是可信的，JWT可以使用HMAC算法或者是RSA的公私秘钥对进行签名。

  • 特点

    • 简洁(Compact)
      可以通过URL，POST参数或者在HTTP header发送，因为数据量小，传输速度也很快。

    • 自包含(Self-contained)
      负载中包含了所有用户所需要的信息，避免了多次查询数据库。

  • java平台的使用

    • maven 支持

      
          io.jsonwebtoken
          jjwt
          0.7.0
      
      

    • 生成 token

      import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
      import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;
      import io.jsonwebtoken.impl.crypto.MacProvider;
      import java.security.Key;
      
      // We need a signing key, so we'll create one just for this example. Usually
      // the key would be read from your application configuration instead.
      Key key = MacProvider.generateKey();
      
      String compactJws = Jwts.builder()
        .setSubject("Joe")
        .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, key)
        .compact();
      

    • 解析token

      String compactJws = "eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJKb2UifQ.yiV1GWDrQyCeoOswYTf_xvlgsnaVVYJM0mU6rkmRBf2T1MBl3Xh2kZii0Q9BdX5-G0j25Qv2WF4lA6jPl5GKuA";
      try {
          Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(key).parseClaimsJws(compactJws);
          //OK, we can trust this JWT
      } catch (SignatureException e) {
          //don't trust the JWT!
      }
      

• spring-security + jwt 实现思路

  • 在spring-security原本的FilterChain中，
    添加 jwt认证用的Filter ：JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter。

    

  • 客户端请求认证流程

    

  • 具体实现

    • application.properties 配置

          ##============JSON Web Token========================================
      jwt.header=Authorization
      jwt.secret=mySecret
      jwt.expiration=604800            jwt.route.authentication.path=auth
      jwt.route.authentication.refresh=refresh
      jwt.route.authentication.register="auth/register"
      

    • 添加 JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter

    @Component
    public class JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
    
        private final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(this.getClass());
    
        @Autowired
        private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
    
        @Autowired
        private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;
    
        @Value("${jwt.header}")
        private String tokenHeader;
    
        @Override
        protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
            System.out.println("进来了 JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter");
    
            // 得到 请求头的 认证信息 authToken
            String authToken = request.getHeader(this.tokenHeader);
    
            // 解析 authToken 得到 用户名
            String username = jwtTokenUtil.getUsernameFromToken(authToken);
    
            System.out.println("checking authentication for user " + username);
    
            if (username != null && SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication() == null) {
    
                // 根据用户名从数据库查找用户信息
                UserDetails userDetails = this.userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
    
                // 检验token是否有效，并检验其保存的用户信息是否正确
                if (jwtTokenUtil.validateToken(authToken, userDetails)) {
                    // token 有效，为该请求装载 用户权限信息
                    UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
                    authentication.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(request));
                    logger.info("authenticated user " + username + ", setting security context");
                    SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
                }
            }
            System.out.println("出去了 JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter");
            chain.doFilter(request, response);
        }
    }
    

    • 将 JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter 添加到 FilterChain 中

    @EnableWebSecurity
    public class MultiHttpSecurityConfig {
    
        @Configuration
        public static class FormLoginWebSecurityConfigurerAdapter extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    
            @Autowired
            private JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter;
    
            // 静态资源访问的 url
            private String[] staticFileUrl = {};
            // 不用认证就可访问的 url
            private String[] permitUrl = {};
    
            @Override
            public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
                web.ignoring().antMatchers(staticFileUrl);
                web.ignoring().antMatchers(permitUrl);
            }
    
            @Override
            protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
                http.csrf().disable();
    
                // 访问url认证
                http
                        .authorizeRequests()
                        .antMatchers("/admin/**").hasAuthority(String.valueOf(AuthorityName.ROLE_ADMIN))
                        .anyRequest().authenticated();
                // 配置登陆信息
                http
                        .formLogin().loginPage("/login")
                        .defaultSuccessUrl("/goIndex")
                        .permitAll()
                        .and();
                // 配置退出登陆信息
                http
                        .logout()
                        .logoutSuccessUrl("/login")
                        .invalidateHttpSession(true)
                        .deleteCookies()
                        .and();
    
                http.addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter,UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
    
                http.httpBasic();
            }
        }
    }
    

    • 提供一个jwt认证服务：提供 jwt token 的 生成和更新 功能
      （其实就是一个controller）

    @RestController
    @RequestMapping("authentication")
    public class AuthenticationRestController {
    
        private final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(this.getClass());
    
        @Value("${jwt.header}")
        private String tokenHeader;
    
        @Autowired
        private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
    
        @Autowired
        private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;
    
        @Autowired
        private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
    
        @RequestMapping(value = "${jwt.route.authentication.path}", method = RequestMethod.POST)
        public ResponseEntity createAuthenticationToken(@RequestBody JwtAuthenticationRequest authenticationRequest, Device device) throws AuthenticationException {
            System.out.println("进来了 createAuthenticationToken ");
    
            System.out.println("authenticationRequest : " + authenticationRequest.getPassword() + "::" + authenticationRequest.getUsername());
    
            // Perform the security
            final Authentication authentication = authenticationManager.authenticate(
                    new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(
                            authenticationRequest.getUsername(),
                            authenticationRequest.getPassword()
                    )
            );
            SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
    
            // Reload password post-security so we can generate token
            final UserDetails userDetails = userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(authenticationRequest.getUsername());
            final String token = jwtTokenUtil.generateToken(userDetails, device);
    
            // Return the token
            return ResponseEntity.ok(new JwtAuthenticationResponse(token));
        }
    }
    

  • 至此，spring-security 整合 jwt 认证 就已经完成了。

参考文档

Spring Security Reference

jjwt

使用JWT和Spring Security保护REST API