之前尝试性的读了下backbone的源码,对继承、事件、view一块还比较熟悉,看下去比较顺畅,但是在model collection方面就很不顺利
究其原因还是没有使用过,不够熟悉,以码读码,脱离了业务逻辑的代码毫无意义,所以今天我们先来做一个例子吧,然后再根据例子学习
今天来一段官网以外的代码,本来这里想抄一个代码来着,但是这样的话好像意义就不大了,于是自己重新写一个例子吧
注意这个例子只是简单例子,各位不要当真,而且代码是今天下午写的,有BUG不要骂我,然后放到IIS环境下才有数据
下载源码:02backbone.zip
以博客园为例,我们一起做一个单页,提供list和detail两个页面,并且为list提供分页和简单筛选功能来巩固我们的backbone学习
首先为了简单起见,我们这里目录暂时如下:
其中css样式是上次做单页应用研究剩下的,这次直接拿来用吧
然后,我们来简单看看我们博客园的数据源返回的数据:
很遗憾博客园暂时只提供了xml的返回格式,其中我自己做了json的解析,其实就算我自己不做解析,也可以通过model的parse做解析
但是我没有那么蛋疼,这里还是使用后台方法解析吧
有了数据源,我们就需要对其创建数据模型了,这里可以与他统一反正数据model会自己对应
我们知道Model可以设置URL,自己从服务器获取数据(只不过必须是rest请求),我们这里来试试
1 //博客模型 2 var PostModel = Backbone.Model.extend({ 3 4 }); 5 6 //模型集合 7 var PostList = Backbone.Collection.extend({ 8 model: PostModel 9 }); 10 var curpage = 1; 11 var pageSize = 10; 12 var list = new PostList(); 13 list.url = 'Handler.ashx?url=http://wcf.open.cnblogs.com/blog/sitehome/paged/' + curpage + '/' + pageSize; 14 list.fetch();
我们这里事实上只需要获取数据即可,如此变会发起一个请求,数据返回与上述截图一致
有了数据我们就需要根据数据对model进行填充,一次实例化model加入collection
我们这里使用parse对返回数据进行处理,于是他自己就将model填充到model里面去了
parse: function (data) { // 'data' contains the raw JSON object return (data && data.feed && data.feed.entry) || {} } list.fetch({ success: function () { var s = ''; } });
需要注意一点是这里是异步的,所以不要傻傻的马上想在后面操作数据
现在数据模型与集合都有了,我们需要一个承载他的页面,于是我们先随便搞下将数据显示出来:
1 <script type="text/template" id="item-template"> 2 <li class="arr_r orderItem" data-id="<%=id %>"> 3 <article class="blog_item"> 4 <h3> 5 <a href="<%=link.href %>" target="_blank"> 6 <%=title.value || '无题' %></a> 7 </h3> 8 <div class="author pro_list_rank"> 9 <%if(author.avatar){ %> 10 <a href="<%=author.uri %>" target="_blank"> 11 <img src="<%=author.avatar %>"> 12 </a> 13 <%} %> 14 <%=summary.value %> 15 </div> 16 <div class="item_footer"> 17 <a href="<%=author.uri %>" class="lightblue">Scut</a> 18 <%=published %> 19 <a href="<%=link.href %>" title="2013-08-21 15:21" class="gray">评论(<%=comments %>)</a> 20 <a href="<%=link.href %>" class="gray">阅读(<%=views %>)</a> <span class="price1">推荐(<%=diggs %>)</span></div> 21 </article> 22 </li> 23 </script>
这是我们之前使用过的数据模板,这里直接搞过来使用了
并在集合数据加载结束调用render方法
1 var View = Backbone.View.extend({ 2 template: _.template($('#item-template').html()), 3 initialize: function () { 4 var scope = this; 5 var curpage = 1; 6 var pageSize = 10; 7 this.list = new PostList(); 8 this.list.url = 'Handler.ashx?url=http://wcf.open.cnblogs.com/blog/sitehome/paged/' + curpage + '/' + pageSize; 9 this.list.fetch({ 10 success: function () { 11 scope.render(); 12 } 13 }); 14 this.wrapper = $('#lstbox'); 15 }, 16 render: function () { 17 var models = this.list.models; 18 var html = ''; 19 for (var i = 0, len = models.length; i < len; i++) { 20 html += this.template(models[i].toJSON()); 21 22 } 23 this.wrapper.html(html); 24 var s = ''; 25 } 26 });
var view = new View();
于是我们的view就出来了:
附上完整html代码:
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="utf-8" /> 5 <title></title> 6 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" /> 7 <link rel="Stylesheet" type="text/css" href="res/style/main2.css" /> 8 <link rel="Stylesheet" type="text/css" href="res/style/tuan.css" /> 9 <style> .pro_list_rank { margin: 5px 0; padding-right: 22px; } 10 .figcaption span { text-align: center; } 11 .blog_item {} 12 .blog_item img { width: 48px; height; 48px; margin: 4px; padding: 1px; float: left; border: 1px solid #CCC; } 13 14 .blog_item .item_footer { color: #757575; font-size: 0.86em; } 15 a { color: #005A94; } 16 .tab_hotel { border-left: 1px solid #2B97E2; } 17 .cont_wrap .content { background-color: White; padding: 5px 10px; } 18 img { max-width: 98%; }</style> 19 </head> 20 <body> 21 <div class="main-frame"> 22 <div class="main-viewport"> 23 <header> 24 <b class="icon_home i_bef" id="js_home"></b> 25 <h1> 26 博客园</h1> 27 <i id="js_return" class="returnico"></i> 28 </header> 29 <section class="cont_wrap" > 30 <ul class="pro_list" id="lstbox"> 31 </ul> 32 </section> 33 <ul class="tab_search fix_bottom"> 34 <li class="tabcrt">时间</li> 35 <li class="tab_hotel ">推荐</li> 36 <li class="tab_hotel ">阅读</li> 37 <li class="tab_hotel ">评论</li> 38 </ul> 39 </div> 40 </div> 41 <script type="text/template" id="item-template"> 42 <li class="arr_r orderItem" data-id="<%=id %>"> 43 <article class="blog_item"> 44 <h3> 45 <a href="<%=link.href %>" target="_blank"> 46 <%=title.value || '无题' %></a> 47 </h3> 48 <div class="author pro_list_rank"> 49 <%if(author.avatar){ %> 50 <a href="<%=author.uri %>" target="_blank"> 51 <img src="<%=author.avatar %>"> 52 </a> 53 <%} %> 54 <%=summary.value %> 55 </div> 56 <div class="item_footer"> 57 <a href="<%=author.uri %>" class="lightblue">Scut</a> 58 <%=published %> 59 <a href="<%=link.href %>" title="2013-08-21 15:21" class="gray">评论(<%=comments %>)</a> 60 <a href="<%=link.href %>" class="gray">阅读(<%=views %>)</a> <span class="price1">推荐(<%=diggs %>)</span></div> 61 </article> 62 </li> 63 </script> 64 <script src="libs/jquery.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 65 <script src="libs/underscore.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 66 <script src="libs/backbone.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 67 <script type="text/javascript" src="libs/backbone.localStorage.js"></script> 68 <script type="text/javascript"> 69 //博客模型 70 var PostModel = Backbone.Model.extend({ 71 72 }); 73 74 //模型集合 75 var PostList = Backbone.Collection.extend({ 76 model: PostModel, 77 parse: function (data) { 78 // 'data' contains the raw JSON object 79 return (data && data.feed && data.feed.entry) || {} 80 } 81 }); 82 83 var View = Backbone.View.extend({ 84 template: _.template($('#item-template').html()), 85 initialize: function () { 86 var scope = this; 87 var curpage = 1; 88 var pageSize = 10; 89 this.list = new PostList(); 90 this.list.url = 'Handler.ashx?url=http://wcf.open.cnblogs.com/blog/sitehome/paged/' + curpage + '/' + pageSize; 91 this.list.fetch({ 92 success: function () { 93 scope.render(); 94 } 95 }); 96 this.wrapper = $('#lstbox'); 97 }, 98 render: function () { 99 var models = this.list.models; 100 var html = ''; 101 for (var i = 0, len = models.length; i < len; i++) { 102 html += this.template(models[i].toJSON()); 103 104 } 105 this.wrapper.html(html); 106 var s = ''; 107 } 108 }); 109 110 var view = new View(); 111 var s = ''; 112 113 </script> 114 </body> 115 </html>
到现在为止,我们只是简单将视图展示了出来,现在我们来多用一点集合与模型的操作,深入之前的学习
这里又有个比较遗憾的地方就是,我们并不需要写数据到服务器,我这里也不准备调用写的接口,所以model又被边缘化了......
我们这里对下面的几个做一个排序处理,比如按时间排序,按推荐数排序等,这里就要用的集合里面的操作了
然后我们来看看我们如何只改变集合的数据,而让dom自己发生变化
有一点需要注意的是,我们现在还不是完整的单页,后面引入路由时候慢慢改进程序结构
首先我们需要为下面几个可爱的按钮绑定点击事件:
1 <ul class="tab_search fix_bottom" id="sort"> 2 <li class="tabcrt" attr="time">时间</li> 3 <li class="tab_hotel" attr="recommend">推荐</li> 4 <li class="tab_hotel" attr="read">阅读</li> 5 <li class="tab_hotel" attr="comment">评论</li> 6 </ul>
1 events: { 2 'click #sort': function (e) { 3 var el = $(e.target); 4 var sort = el.attr('attr'); 5 6 var s = ''; 7 } 8 },
events: { 'click #sort': function (e) { var el = $(e.target); var type = el.attr('attr'); this.list.setComparator(type); this.list.sort(); } }, //list新增方法 setComparator: function (type) { this.comparator = function (item) { return Math.max(item.attributes[type]); } }
这个时候在初始化时候再注册一个事件
this.listenTo(this.list, 'all', this.render);
于是就能点击不同的标签按不同的倒叙排列,这里注意一点是每次改变都会触发list的all事件(其实应该是reset),完了触发view的render重新渲染了下数据
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="utf-8" /> 5 <title></title> 6 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" /> 7 <link rel="Stylesheet" type="text/css" href="res/style/main2.css" /> 8 <link rel="Stylesheet" type="text/css" href="res/style/tuan.css" /> 9 <style> .pro_list_rank { margin: 5px 0; padding-right: 22px; } 10 .figcaption span { text-align: center; } 11 .blog_item {} 12 .blog_item img { width: 48px; height; 48px; margin: 4px; padding: 1px; float: left; border: 1px solid #CCC; } 13 14 .blog_item .item_footer { color: #757575; font-size: 0.86em; } 15 a { color: #005A94; } 16 .tab_hotel { border-left: 1px solid #2B97E2; } 17 .cont_wrap .content { background-color: White; padding: 5px 10px; } 18 img { max-width: 98%; }</style> 19 </head> 20 <body> 21 <div class="main-frame"> 22 <div class="main-viewport" id="main-viewport"> 23 </div> 24 </div> 25 <script type="text/template" id="index-template"> 26 <header> 27 <b class="icon_home i_bef" id="js_home"></b> 28 <h1> 29 博客园</h1> 30 <i id="js_return" class="returnico"></i> 31 </header> 32 <section class="cont_wrap"> 33 <ul class="pro_list" id="lstbox"> 34 </ul> 35 </section> 36 <ul class="tab_search fix_bottom" id="sort"> 37 <li class="tabcrt" attr="updated">时间</li> 38 <li class="tab_hotel" attr="diggs">推荐</li> 39 <li class="tab_hotel" attr="views">阅读</li> 40 <li class="tab_hotel" attr="comments">评论</li> 41 </ul> 42 </script> 43 <script type="text/template" id="item-template"> 44 <li class="arr_r orderItem" data-id="<%=id %>"> 45 <article class="blog_item"> 46 <h3> 47 <a href="<%=link.href %>" target="_blank"> 48 <%=title.value || '无题' %></a> 49 </h3> 50 <div class="author pro_list_rank"> 51 <%if(author.avatar){ %> 52 <a href="<%=author.uri %>" target="_blank"> 53 <img src="<%=author.avatar %>"> 54 </a> 55 <%} %> 56 <%=summary.value %> 57 </div> 58 <div class="item_footer"> 59 <a href="<%=author.uri %>" class="lightblue">Scut</a> 60 <%=published %> 61 <a href="<%=link.href %>" title="2013-08-21 15:21" class="gray">评论(<%=comments %>)</a> 62 <a href="<%=link.href %>" class="gray">阅读(<%=views %>)</a> <span class="price1">推荐(<%=diggs %>)</span></div> 63 </article> 64 </li> 65 </script> 66 <script src="libs/jquery.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 67 <script src="libs/underscore.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 68 <script src="libs/backbone.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 69 <script type="text/javascript" src="libs/backbone.localStorage.js"></script> 70 <script type="text/javascript"> 71 //博客模型 72 var PostModel = Backbone.Model.extend({ 73 74 }); 75 76 //模型集合 77 var PostList = Backbone.Collection.extend({ 78 model: PostModel, 79 parse: function (data) { 80 // 'data' contains the raw JSON object 81 return (data && data.feed && data.feed.entry) || {} 82 }, 83 setComparator: function (type) { 84 this.comparator = function (item) { 85 return Math.max(item.attributes[type]); 86 } 87 } 88 }); 89 90 var View = Backbone.View.extend({ 91 el: $('#main-viewport'), 92 template: _.template($('#index-template').html()), 93 itemTmpt: _.template($('#item-template').html()), 94 95 events: { 96 'click #sort': function (e) { 97 var el = $(e.target); 98 var type = el.attr('attr'); 99 this.list.setComparator(type); 100 this.list.sort(); 101 } 102 }, 103 initialize: function () { 104 //先生成框架html 105 this.$el.html(this.template()); 106 107 var scope = this; 108 var curpage = 1; 109 var pageSize = 10; 110 this.list = new PostList(); 111 this.list.url = 'Handler.ashx?url=http://wcf.open.cnblogs.com/blog/sitehome/paged/' + curpage + '/' + pageSize; 112 this.list.fetch({ 113 success: function () { 114 scope.render(); 115 } 116 }); 117 this.wrapper = $('#lstbox'); 118 119 this.listenTo(this.list, 'all', this.render); 120 121 }, 122 render: function () { 123 124 var models = this.list.models; 125 var html = ''; 126 for (var i = 0, len = models.length; i < len; i++) { 127 html += this.itemTmpt(models[i].toJSON()); 128 } 129 this.wrapper.html(html); 130 var s = ''; 131 } 132 }); 133 134 var view = new View(); 135 var s = ''; 136 137 </script> 138 </body> 139 </html>
这里对集合的操作暂时到此,对model的操作仍然没有涉及,我们先引入路由再说吧
MVC中View的代码量可能很大,但是Control的代码往往才是核心,他全局观察着整个程序的运作,但是这里却给他换了个名字——路由
其实这个名字比较靠谱,Backbone中的控制器其实就是充当了路由的角色
现在我们还没看源码,不知道其实现细节,但是实现表现是这样的:
http://www.example.com/#/state1 http://www.example.com/#/state2
这里state1,和state2便是不同的View了,以我们这个例子来说,如果index是首页列表视图,detail便是某一篇博客的视图了,所以
http://www.example.com/#/index——首页列表 http://www.example.com/#/detail——具体博客
这个是路由的基本功能,想一想,假如,我们现在各个View已经写开了,view与view直接数据可以由localstorage通信
但是全局性各个状态,全局共用方法还得放到控制器里面,这里对应的就是路由里面(比如我一个全局的showLoading方法)
说了这么多也没意义,我们先将detail的view做了,再看他是怎么路由的
其实这个代码,我处理的的有问题,我们上面的列表中的每一个列表项其实应该对应一个model
我在过程中却将model与dom的映射关系给丢了,比如我现在点击一个列表项,我需要知道我现在对应的是哪一个model
这里补救方案是给dom上增加一个索引index,点击时候根据index获取当前索引,但是这不是长久之计,后面需要更好的办法
1 for (var i = 0, len = models.length; i < len; i++) { 2 models[i].index = i; 3 html += this.itemTmpt(_.extend(models[i].toJSON(), {index: i})); 4 }
于是我们每一个dom上面就会多出一个index的属性,哎,这里感觉不是太好啊
现在点击各个列表后会给相关model增加一个model的属性:
然后我们这里初略的重新渲染下页面,这里稍微修改下代码:
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="utf-8" /> 5 <title></title> 6 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" /> 7 <link rel="Stylesheet" type="text/css" href="res/style/main2.css" /> 8 <link rel="Stylesheet" type="text/css" href="res/style/tuan.css" /> 9 <style> .pro_list_rank { margin: 5px 0; padding-right: 22px; } 10 .figcaption span { text-align: center; } 11 .blog_item {} 12 .blog_item img { width: 48px; height; 48px; margin: 4px; padding: 1px; float: left; border: 1px solid #CCC; } 13 14 .blog_item .item_footer { color: #757575; font-size: 0.86em; } 15 a { color: #005A94; } 16 .tab_hotel { border-left: 1px solid #2B97E2; } 17 .cont_wrap .content { background-color: White; padding: 5px 10px; } 18 img { max-width: 98%; }</style> 19 </head> 20 <body> 21 <div class="main-frame"> 22 <div class="main-viewport" id="main-viewport"> 23 </div> 24 </div> 25 <script type="text/template" id="index-template"> 26 <header> 27 <b class="icon_home i_bef" id="js_home"></b> 28 <h1> 29 博客园</h1> 30 <i id="js_return" class="returnico"></i> 31 </header> 32 <section class="cont_wrap"> 33 <div id="post"></div> 34 <ul class="pro_list" id="lstbox"> 35 </ul> 36 </section> 37 <ul class="tab_search fix_bottom" id="sort"> 38 <li class="tabcrt" attr="updated">时间</li> 39 <li class="tab_hotel" attr="diggs">推荐</li> 40 <li class="tab_hotel" attr="views">阅读</li> 41 <li class="tab_hotel" attr="comments">评论</li> 42 </ul> 43 </script> 44 <script type="text/template" id="item-template"> 45 <li class="arr_r orderItem" data-id="<%=id %>" data-index = "<%=index %>"> 46 <article class="blog_item"> 47 <h3> 48 <a href="<%=link.href %>" target="_blank"> 49 <%=title.value || '无题' %></a> 50 </h3> 51 <div class="author pro_list_rank"> 52 <%if(author.avatar){ %> 53 <a href="<%=author.uri %>" target="_blank"> 54 <img src="<%=author.avatar %>"> 55 </a> 56 <%} %> 57 <%=summary.value %> 58 </div> 59 <div class="item_footer"> 60 <a href="<%=author.uri %>" class="lightblue">Scut</a> 61 <%=published %> 62 <a href="<%=link.href %>" title="2013-08-21 15:21" class="gray">评论(<%=comments %>)</a> 63 <a href="<%=link.href %>" class="gray">阅读(<%=views %>)</a> <span class="price1">推荐(<%=diggs %>)</span></div> 64 </article> 65 </li> 66 </script> 67 <script type="text/template" id="detail-template"> 68 <section class="cont_wrap" > 69 <article class="content"> 70 <h1> 71 <a href="#"><%=title.value %></a></h1> 72 <div style=" text-align: right; "> 73 <time pubdate="pubdate" value="2013-04-15"><%=published %></time><br /><span>阅读(<%=views %>) 74 评论(<%=comments %>)</span> 75 </div> 76 <p><%=value %></p> 77 </article> 78 </section> 79 </script> 80 <script src="libs/jquery.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 81 <script src="libs/underscore.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 82 <script src="libs/backbone.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 83 <script type="text/javascript" src="libs/backbone.localStorage.js"></script> 84 <script type="text/javascript"> 85 //博客模型 86 var PostModel = Backbone.Model.extend({ 87 88 }); 89 90 //模型集合 91 var PostList = Backbone.Collection.extend({ 92 model: PostModel, 93 parse: function (data) { 94 // 'data' contains the raw JSON object 95 return (data && data.feed && data.feed.entry) || {} 96 }, 97 setComparator: function (type) { 98 this.comparator = function (item) { 99 return Math.max(item.attributes[type]); 100 } 101 } 102 }); 103 104 var Detail = Backbone.View.extend({ 105 template: _.template($('#detail-template').html()), 106 initialize: function () { 107 108 }, 109 render: function () { 110 this.$el.html(this.template(this.model.toJSON())); 111 return this; 112 }, 113 events: { 114 'click #js_return': function () { 115 window.reload(); 116 } 117 } 118 }); 119 120 var Index = Backbone.View.extend({ 121 el: $('#main-viewport'), 122 template: _.template($('#index-template').html()), 123 itemTmpt: _.template($('#item-template').html()), 124 125 events: { 126 'click #sort': function (e) { 127 var el = $(e.target); 128 var type = el.attr('attr'); 129 this.list.setComparator(type); 130 this.list.sort(); 131 }, 132 'click .orderItem': function (e) { 133 var el = $(e.currentTarget); 134 var id = el.attr('data-id'); 135 var index = el.attr('data-index'); 136 var model = this.list.models[index]; 137 var scope = this; 138 var param = { url: 'http://wcf.open.cnblogs.com/blog/post/body/' + id } 139 $.get('Handler.ashx', param, function (data) { 140 (typeof data === 'string') && (data = $.parseJSON(data)); 141 if (data && data.string) { 142 //此处将content内容写入model 143 model.set('value', data.string.value); 144 145 var d = new Detail(); 146 d.model = model; 147 scope.wrapper.hide(); 148 scope.post.append(d.render().el); 149 150 } 151 }); 152 153 154 var s = ''; 155 } 156 }, 157 initialize: function () { 158 //先生成框架html 159 this.$el.html(this.template()); 160 this.post = this.$('#post'); 161 162 var scope = this; 163 var curpage = 1; 164 var pageSize = 10; 165 this.list = new PostList(); 166 this.list.url = 'Handler.ashx?url=http://wcf.open.cnblogs.com/blog/sitehome/paged/' + curpage + '/' + pageSize; 167 this.list.fetch({ 168 success: function () { 169 scope.render(); 170 } 171 }); 172 this.wrapper = $('#lstbox'); 173 174 this.listenTo(this.list, 'all', this.render); 175 176 }, 177 render: function () { 178 179 var models = this.list.models; 180 var html = ''; 181 for (var i = 0, len = models.length; i < len; i++) { 182 models[i].index = i; 183 html += this.itemTmpt(_.extend(models[i].toJSON(), { index: i })); 184 } 185 this.wrapper.html(html); 186 var s = ''; 187 } 188 }); 189 190 var index = new Index(); 191 // var detail 192 193 194 var s = ''; 195 196 </script> 197 </body> 198 </html>
这个代码里面,我们点击其中一个list-item就会显示我们博客正文,但是问题马上就来了
做到现在我们程序大概的逻辑也出来了,当然,问题也出来了:
① 我从首页来到了博客页,但是大哥,我该怎么回去啊???
② 我们的程序全部在demo这个页面里面,个人感觉很乱啊!!!现在是两个view就这样,万一我有20个view我是不是要哭!!!
③ 我们最开始的view时index的,比如上面的回退按钮与“博客园”三个字,我们在博客页整个view应该隶属于自己的,但是这是嵌套的,很乱
要解决以上问题,我觉得是时候引入require已经路由的知识点了
require这个库,我们后面有时间在一起深入学习下,这里只是使用其核心的功能,简单起见,模板我就全部写在demo中,不予分离了
我们当然想在页面中点击某个按钮来导向某个方法了,比如我们上面进入了detail博客页,我现在先回到首页,我可以后退
1 var App = Backbone.Router.extend({ 2 routes: { 3 "": "index", // #index 4 "index": "index", // #index 5 "detail": "detail" // #detail 6 }, 7 index: function () { 8 var index = new Index(); 9 } 10 }); 11 12 var app = new App(); 13 Backbone.history.start();
这么小心一段代码加上后,就会在页面url锚点#后面的字符变了后执行相关的方法,显然我们这里需要更多的信息,或者说,我们的路由应该担任整个view通信的功能
首先,我们这里将index与detail两个view的模板完全独立,这里用了比较图的办法,全部清除html,但是现在确实可以跳转了
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="utf-8" /> 5 <title></title> 6 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" /> 7 <link rel="Stylesheet" type="text/css" href="res/style/main2.css" /> 8 <link rel="Stylesheet" type="text/css" href="res/style/tuan.css" /> 9 <style> .pro_list_rank { margin: 5px 0; padding-right: 22px; } 10 .figcaption span { text-align: center; } 11 .blog_item {} 12 .blog_item img { width: 48px; height; 48px; margin: 4px; padding: 1px; float: left; border: 1px solid #CCC; } 13 14 .blog_item .item_footer { color: #757575; font-size: 0.86em; } 15 a { color: #005A94; } 16 .tab_hotel { border-left: 1px solid #2B97E2; } 17 .cont_wrap .content { background-color: White; padding: 5px 10px; } 18 img { max-width: 98%; }</style> 19 </head> 20 <body> 21 <h1> 22 <a href="demo.htm#index">index</a> 23 </h1> 24 <div class="main-frame"> 25 <div class="main-viewport" id="main-viewport"> 26 </div> 27 </div> 28 <script type="text/template" id="index-template"> 29 <header> 30 <b class="icon_home i_bef" id="js_home"></b> 31 <h1> 32 博客园</h1> 33 34 <i id="js_return" class="returnico"></i> 35 </header> 36 <section class="cont_wrap"> 37 <div id="post"></div> 38 <ul class="pro_list" id="lstbox"> 39 </ul> 40 </section> 41 <ul class="tab_search fix_bottom" id="sort"> 42 <li class="tabcrt" attr="updated">时间</li> 43 <li class="tab_hotel" attr="diggs">推荐</li> 44 <li class="tab_hotel" attr="views">阅读</li> 45 <li class="tab_hotel" attr="comments">评论</li> 46 </ul> 47 </script> 48 <script type="text/template" id="item-template"> 49 <li class="arr_r orderItem" data-id="<%=id %>" data-index = "<%=index %>"> 50 <article class="blog_item"> 51 <h3> 52 <a href="<%=link.href %>" target="_blank"> 53 <%=title.value || '无题' %></a> 54 </h3> 55 <div class="author pro_list_rank"> 56 <%if(author.avatar){ %> 57 <a href="<%=author.uri %>" target="_blank"> 58 <img src="<%=author.avatar %>"> 59 </a> 60 <%} %> 61 <%=summary.value %> 62 </div> 63 <div class="item_footer"> 64 <a href="<%=author.uri %>" class="lightblue">Scut</a> 65 <%=published %> 66 <a href="<%=link.href %>" title="2013-08-21 15:21" class="gray">评论(<%=comments %>)</a> 67 <a href="<%=link.href %>" class="gray">阅读(<%=views %>)</a> <span class="price1">推荐(<%=diggs %>)</span></div> 68 </article> 69 </li> 70 </script> 71 <script type="text/template" id="detail-template"> 72 <section class="cont_wrap" > 73 <article class="content"> 74 <h1> 75 <a href="#"><%=title.value %></a></h1> 76 <div style=" text-align: right; "> 77 <time pubdate="pubdate" value="2013-04-15"><%=published %></time><br /><span>阅读(<%=views %>) 78 评论(<%=comments %>)</span> 79 </div> 80 <p><%=value %></p> 81 </article> 82 </section> 83 </script> 84 <script src="libs/jquery.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 85 <script src="libs/underscore.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 86 <script src="libs/backbone.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 87 <script type="text/javascript" src="libs/backbone.localStorage.js"></script> 88 <script type="text/javascript"> 89 //博客模型 90 var PostModel = Backbone.Model.extend({ 91 92 }); 93 94 //模型集合 95 var PostList = Backbone.Collection.extend({ 96 model: PostModel, 97 parse: function (data) { 98 // 'data' contains the raw JSON object 99 return (data && data.feed && data.feed.entry) || {} 100 }, 101 setComparator: function (type) { 102 this.comparator = function (item) { 103 return Math.max(item.attributes[type]); 104 } 105 } 106 }); 107 108 var Detail = Backbone.View.extend({ 109 el: $('#main-viewport'), 110 template: _.template($('#index-template').html()), 111 detail: _.template($('#detail-template').html()), 112 initialize: function () { 113 this.$el.html(this.template()); 114 this.wrapper = $('#lstbox'); 115 116 }, 117 render: function () { 118 this.wrapper.html(this.detail(this.model.toJSON())); 119 }, 120 events: { 121 'click #js_return': function () { 122 location.href = "demo.htm"; 123 } 124 } 125 }); 126 127 var Index = Backbone.View.extend({ 128 el: $('#main-viewport'), 129 template: _.template($('#index-template').html()), 130 itemTmpt: _.template($('#item-template').html()), 131 132 events: { 133 'click #sort': function (e) { 134 var el = $(e.target); 135 var type = el.attr('attr'); 136 this.list.setComparator(type); 137 this.list.sort(); 138 }, 139 'click .orderItem': function (e) { 140 var el = $(e.currentTarget); 141 var id = el.attr('data-id'); 142 var index = el.attr('data-index'); 143 var model = this.list.models[index]; 144 var scope = this; 145 var param = { url: 'http://wcf.open.cnblogs.com/blog/post/body/' + id } 146 $.get('Handler.ashx', param, function (data) { 147 (typeof data === 'string') && (data = $.parseJSON(data)); 148 if (data && data.string) { 149 //此处将content内容写入model 150 model.set('value', data.string.value); 151 var d = new Detail(); 152 d.model = model; 153 d.render(); 154 } 155 }); 156 var s = ''; 157 } 158 }, 159 initialize: function () { 160 //先生成框架html 161 this.$el.html(this.template()); 162 this.post = this.$('#post'); 163 164 var scope = this; 165 var curpage = 1; 166 var pageSize = 10; 167 this.list = new PostList(); 168 this.list.url = 'Handler.ashx?url=http://wcf.open.cnblogs.com/blog/sitehome/paged/' + curpage + '/' + pageSize; 169 this.list.fetch({ 170 success: function () { 171 scope.render(); 172 } 173 }); 174 this.wrapper = $('#lstbox'); 175 176 this.listenTo(this.list, 'all', this.render); 177 178 }, 179 render: function () { 180 181 var models = this.list.models; 182 var html = ''; 183 for (var i = 0, len = models.length; i < len; i++) { 184 models[i].index = i; 185 html += this.itemTmpt(_.extend(models[i].toJSON(), { index: i })); 186 } 187 this.wrapper.html(html); 188 var s = ''; 189 } 190 }); 191 192 // var index = new Index(); 193 // var detail 194 195 var App = Backbone.Router.extend({ 196 routes: { 197 "": "index", // #index 198 "index": "index", // #index 199 "detail": "detail" // #detail 200 }, 201 index: function () { 202 var index = new Index(); 203 } 204 }); 205 206 var app = new App(); 207 Backbone.history.start(); 208 209 var s = ''; 210 211 </script> 212 </body> 213 </html>
现在问题又来了,我点击其中一个一个列表项目时候,我就执行了render方法,现在我不想这么做了,我想将其加载数据的逻辑放到detail里面去
并且通过路由的方式实现,但是我们数据model的传递(这里没有使用localstorage)需要用路由来实现
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="utf-8" /> 5 <title></title> 6 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" /> 7 <link rel="Stylesheet" type="text/css" href="res/style/main2.css" /> 8 <link rel="Stylesheet" type="text/css" href="res/style/tuan.css" /> 9 <style> .pro_list_rank { margin: 5px 0; padding-right: 22px; } 10 .figcaption span { text-align: center; } 11 .blog_item {} 12 .blog_item img { width: 48px; height; 48px; margin: 4px; padding: 1px; float: left; border: 1px solid #CCC; } 13 14 .blog_item .item_footer { color: #757575; font-size: 0.86em; } 15 a { color: #005A94; } 16 .tab_hotel { border-left: 1px solid #2B97E2; } 17 .cont_wrap .content { background-color: White; padding: 5px 10px; } 18 img { max-width: 98%; }</style> 19 </head> 20 <body> 21 <div class="main-frame"> 22 <div class="main-viewport" id="main-viewport"> 23 </div> 24 </div> 25 <script type="text/template" id="index-template"> 26 <header> 27 <b class="icon_home i_bef" id="js_home"></b> 28 <h1> 29 博客园</h1> 30 31 <i id="js_return" class="returnico"></i> 32 </header> 33 <section class="cont_wrap"> 34 <div id="post"></div> 35 <ul class="pro_list" id="lstbox"> 36 </ul> 37 </section> 38 <ul class="tab_search fix_bottom" id="sort"> 39 <li class="tabcrt" attr="updated">时间</li> 40 <li class="tab_hotel" attr="diggs">推荐</li> 41 <li class="tab_hotel" attr="views">阅读</li> 42 <li class="tab_hotel" attr="comments">评论</li> 43 </ul> 44 </script> 45 <script type="text/template" id="item-template"> 46 <li class="arr_r orderItem" data-id="<%=id %>" data-index = "<%=index %>"> 47 <article class="blog_item"> 48 <h3> 49 <a href="<%=link.href %>" target="_blank"> 50 <%=title.value || '无题' %></a> 51 </h3> 52 <div class="author pro_list_rank"> 53 <%if(author.avatar){ %> 54 <a href="<%=author.uri %>" target="_blank"> 55 <img src="<%=author.avatar %>"> 56 </a> 57 <%} %> 58 <%=summary.value %> 59 </div> 60 <div class="item_footer"> 61 <a href="<%=author.uri %>" class="lightblue">Scut</a> 62 <%=published %> 63 <a href="<%=link.href %>" title="2013-08-21 15:21" class="gray">评论(<%=comments %>)</a> 64 <a href="<%=link.href %>" class="gray">阅读(<%=views %>)</a> <span class="price1">推荐(<%=diggs %>)</span></div> 65 </article> 66 </li> 67 </script> 68 <script type="text/template" id="detail-template"> 69 <section class="cont_wrap" > 70 <article class="content"> 71 <h1> 72 <a href="#"><%=title.value %></a></h1> 73 <div style=" text-align: right; "> 74 <time pubdate="pubdate" value="2013-04-15"><%=published %></time><br /><span>阅读(<%=views %>) 75 评论(<%=comments %>)</span> 76 </div> 77 <p><%=value %></p> 78 </article> 79 </section> 80 </script> 81 <script src="libs/jquery.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 82 <script src="libs/underscore.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 83 <script src="libs/backbone.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 84 <script type="text/javascript" src="libs/backbone.localStorage.js"></script> 85 <script type="text/javascript"> 86 //博客模型 87 var PostModel = Backbone.Model.extend({ 88 89 }); 90 91 //模型集合 92 var PostList = Backbone.Collection.extend({ 93 model: PostModel, 94 parse: function (data) { 95 // 'data' contains the raw JSON object 96 return (data && data.feed && data.feed.entry) || {} 97 }, 98 setComparator: function (type) { 99 this.comparator = function (item) { 100 return Math.max(item.attributes[type]); 101 } 102 } 103 }); 104 105 var Detail = Backbone.View.extend({ 106 el: $('#main-viewport'), 107 template: _.template($('#index-template').html()), 108 detail: _.template($('#detail-template').html()), 109 initialize: function (app) { 110 this.app = app; 111 this.$el.html(this.template()); 112 this.wrapper = $('#lstbox'); 113 this.render(); 114 }, 115 render: function () { 116 var scope = this; 117 var id = this.app.id; 118 119 var param = { url: 'http://wcf.open.cnblogs.com/blog/post/body/' + id } 120 121 var model = this.app.model; 122 123 $.get('Handler.ashx', param, function (data) { 124 (typeof data === 'string') && (data = $.parseJSON(data)); 125 if (data && data.string) { 126 //此处将content内容写入model 127 model.set('value', data.string.value); 128 scope.wrapper.html(scope.detail(model.toJSON())); 129 } 130 }); 131 132 }, 133 events: { 134 'click #js_return': function () { 135 this.app.forward('index') 136 } 137 } 138 }); 139 140 var Index = Backbone.View.extend({ 141 el: $('#main-viewport'), 142 template: _.template($('#index-template').html()), 143 itemTmpt: _.template($('#item-template').html()), 144 145 events: { 146 'click #sort': function (e) { 147 var el = $(e.target); 148 var type = el.attr('attr'); 149 this.list.setComparator(type); 150 this.list.sort(); 151 }, 152 'click .orderItem': function (e) { 153 var el = $(e.currentTarget); 154 var index = el.attr('data-index'); 155 var id = el.attr('data-id'); 156 var model = this.list.models[index]; 157 this.app.model = model; 158 this.app.id = id; 159 160 161 this.app.forward('detail'); 162 // var scope = this; 163 // var param = { url: 'http://wcf.open.cnblogs.com/blog/post/body/' + id } 164 // $.get('Handler.ashx', param, function (data) { 165 // (typeof data === 'string') && (data = $.parseJSON(data)); 166 // if (data && data.string) { 167 // //此处将content内容写入model 168 // model.set('value', data.string.value); 169 // var d = new Detail(); 170 // d.model = model; 171 // d.render(); 172 // } 173 // }); 174 // var s = ''; 175 } 176 }, 177 initialize: function (app) { 178 this.app = app; 179 180 //先生成框架html 181 this.$el.html(this.template()); 182 this.post = this.$('#post'); 183 184 var scope = this; 185 var curpage = 1; 186 var pageSize = 10; 187 this.list = new PostList(); 188 this.list.url = 'Handler.ashx?url=http://wcf.open.cnblogs.com/blog/sitehome/paged/' + curpage + '/' + pageSize; 189 this.list.fetch({ 190 success: function () { 191 scope.render(); 192 } 193 }); 194 this.wrapper = $('#lstbox'); 195 196 this.listenTo(this.list, 'all', this.render); 197 198 }, 199 render: function () { 200 201 var models = this.list.models; 202 var html = ''; 203 for (var i = 0, len = models.length; i < len; i++) { 204 models[i].index = i; 205 html += this.itemTmpt(_.extend(models[i].toJSON(), { index: i })); 206 } 207 this.wrapper.html(html); 208 var s = ''; 209 } 210 }); 211 212 // var index = new Index(); 213 // var detail 214 215 var App = Backbone.Router.extend({ 216 routes: { 217 "": "index", // #index 218 "index": "index", // #index 219 "detail": "detail" // #detail 220 }, 221 index: function () { 222 var index = new Index(this.interface); 223 224 }, 225 detail: function () { 226 var detail = new Detail(this.interface); 227 228 }, 229 initialize: function () { 230 231 }, 232 interface: { 233 forward: function (url) { 234 window.location.href = ('#' + url).replace(/^#+/, '#'); 235 } 236 237 } 238 239 240 }); 241 242 var app = new App(); 243 Backbone.history.start(); 244 245 var s = ''; 246 247 </script> 248 </body> 249 </html>
如此一来,我们的基本逻辑结束,马上我们又面临其它问题:
① 我们每个view的initialize方法都会被传入app接口
② 我们每个view都有一些重复的代码(比如this.app = app),而我们各个view没有好的状态控制
比如我们页面的create阶段,load阶段,show阶段,hide阶段,这些都需要事件进行处理,这里却没法一一关注
③ 可以看到,我们的路由居然还充当了很多传递数据的作用,但是我们并不应该这样写
④ 各位是否感觉我们的路由仍然太简陋,我们的程序很容易报错呢?
以上这些问题暂时留给各位思考,我下次使用require将我们的view分离先,本来今天想做的,但是感觉干不动了
今天的内容暂时到此,本来想做个简单的例子来着,结果做着做着居然又涉及到这么多东西了,我们下次将这个单页应用完成,并且开始源码学习:
① 细化App(路由/控制器),让其完成更多的工作
② 引入require分离view
③ 创建view父类供各个view使用
④ 源码细节实现分析
总的来说,Backbone的阅读应该比原来碰到的框架难,原来那些框架只不过是基础库,但是Backbone涉及到了思想
这种框架性东西,我们后面还得花大力气消化,今天暂时到此