病毒在餐厅里传播有多快？日本NHK的这则实验你一定要看

图源：CNN网站

近日，日本NHK电视台发布的一个模拟病毒传播视频火了。

这部视频由NHK及卫生专家们一同制作，模拟了在自助餐厅或游轮上的情景。视频展示了哪怕只有一人感染细菌或病毒，也可以轻而易举的传染他人。

A viral video from Japan aims to show how easily germs and viruses can spread in restaurants when just one person is infected. The experiment simulates the atmosphere at a buffet restaurant or on a cruise ship. It was conducted by the public broadcasting organization NHK in conjunction with health experts.

此次实验共有十名志愿者参与。其中一名是“感染者”，手上被涂抹了模拟病毒的荧光物质，表明可能是通过咳嗽或者打喷嚏沾染的。

The video shows 10 people coming into the restaurant, with one singled out as an "infected" person. A fluorescent substance only visible under black light is applied onto that person's hands, representing germs from a cough or a sneeze.


图源：央视新闻

随后，每个人都按照自助餐流程行动，并没有考虑病毒传播等事项。他们的活动包括选餐，享用美食，使用手机等等。

Each participant then goes about the buffet as they normally would, not considering a potential contamination. Over the course of a typical dining period, the rest of the guests behave in predictable fashion, selecting utensils from serving stations, enjoying their food, checking their phones and so on.


图源：CNN网站

如此这般30分钟后，实验结果揭晓。黑光灯打开，带有荧光材料的“病毒”传播的到处都是：食物上，餐具盘子上，甚至志愿者的面部都有。


图源：央视新闻

At the end of the video, the participants are cast under black lights illuminating where the "infection" has spread. The substance, used to signify the germs, can be seen on food, serving utensils and platters, and even on the faces of some of the participants.

戳这里看视频：
视频来源：央视新闻

视频在微博上引发网友讨论，大家纷纷呼吁继续做好防护措施。




此外，NHK还做了另一组实验，环境相同，只不过参与者都采取了相应措施。所有人，包括“感染者”，在就餐前和就餐中都洗了手。同时，餐具等被参与者频繁触摸的物体表面，也被替换或者移除。

NHK also did a second experiment where the simulated environment anticipated contamination and put in the necessary precautions. All of the participants, including the "infected" person, washed their hands before and during eating. Frequently touched surfaces, such as serving utensils, were replaced or wiped down.

当黑光灯再次打开时，“感染者”身上的“病菌”没有再传播到他人身上。

When the participants went under the black light, none of the substance from the "infected" person had spread to the other participants.

香港大学病理学临床教授John Nicholls在接受CNN采访时表示，视频说明病毒可以非常快速的在物体表面和人与人之间传播。但是，实验中“感染者”手上的荧光物质很多，并不能真实反映手部病毒细菌的数量。

"What the video demonstrated, is that it will spread to surfaces and to people very efficiently," John Nicholls, a clinical professor in pathology at Hong Kong University told CNN. However, Nicholls said that the situation is "artificial" because there was so much fluorescent liquid on the "infected" person's hands that it wouldn't accurately reflect the amount of germs on someone's hands.


图源：CNN网站

日本神户大学传染病专家岩田健太郎接受CNN采访时表示，这个实验仅仅展示出通过接触传染的可能性，并不能作为已经发生过的事情的证据。

"The experiment just described the possibility of the spread by contact, and that is not proof of what happened," Kentaro Iwata, an infectious disease specialist at Kobe University told CNN.

但是两位专家都认为，这个实验很好的强调了洗手和注意卫生的重要性。

But both experts said the experiment is a good way to show the importance of hand washing and hygiene.

因此，实验表明，如果没有防护措施，病毒会迅速传播，而洗手、戴口罩以及分餐制可以大大降低病毒的传播。

综合来源：央视新闻，NHK，CNN，The Guardian