redis基本操作 —— set

Redis 的 Set 是 String 类型的无序集合。集合成员是唯一的，这就意味着集合中不能出现重复的数据。

Redis 中集合是通过哈希表实现的，所以添加，删除，查找的复杂度都是 O(1)。

集合中最大的成员数为 2³² - 1 (4294967295, 每个集合可存储40多亿个成员)。

 

一、向集合添加一个或多个成员

　　命令：sadd

　　格式：sadd key member1 [member2]

127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set_key m1
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set_key m2 m3
(integer) 2

二、返回集合中的所有成员

　　命令：smembers

　　格式：smembers key

127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set_key
1) "m3"
2) "m2"
3) "m1"

 三、移除并返回集合中的一个随机元素

　　命令：spop

　　格式：spop key

127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set_key m1 m2 m3 m4 m5 m6 m7 m8 m9
(integer) 9
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set_key
1) "m8"
2) "m2"
3) "m3"
4) "m6"
5) "m1"
6) "m5"
7) "m4"
8) "m7"
9) "m9"
127.0.0.1:6379> spop set_key
"m5"
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set_key
1) "m6"
2) "m1"
3) "m4"
4) "m7"
5) "m8"
6) "m3"
7) "m2"
8) "m9"

四、移除集合中一个或多个成员

　　命令：srem

　　格式：srem set_key member1 [member2]

127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set_key
1) "m6"
2) "m1"
3) "m4"
4) "m7"
5) "m8"
6) "m3"
7) "m2"
8) "m9"
127.0.0.1:6379> srem set_key m1 m2 m3
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set_key
1) "m8"
2) "m4"
3) "m6"
4) "m9"
5) "m7"
127.0.0.1:6379> srem set_key m1 m2 m3
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set_key
1) "m8"
2) "m4"
3) "m6"
4) "m9"
5) "m7"

五、判断 member 元素是否是集合 key 的成员

　　命令：sismember

　　格式：sismember key member

127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set_key
1) "m8"
2) "m4"
3) "m6"
4) "m9"
5) "m7"
127.0.0.1:6379> sismember set_key m8
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> sismember set_key m1
(integer) 0

六、获取集合的成员数

　　命令：scard

　　格式：scard key

127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set_key
1) "m8"
2) "m4"
3) "m6"
4) "m9"
5) "m7"
127.0.0.1:6379> scard set_key
(integer) 5

七、返回给定所有集合的差集

　　命令：sdiff

　　格式：sdiff key1 [key2] ...

127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k1 m1 m2 m3
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k2 m3 m4 m5
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff k1
1) "m2"
2) "m3"
3) "m1"
127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff k1 k2
1) "m2"
2) "m1"
127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff k1 k2
1) "m2"
2) "m1"
127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff k2 k1
1) "m4"
2) "m5"
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k3 m5 m6 m7
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff k1 k2 k3
1) "m2"
2) "m1"
127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff k2 k1 k3
1) "m4"

八、返回给定所有集合的差集并存储在 destination 中

　　命令：sdiffstore

　　格式：sdiffstore destination key1 [key2] ...

127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k1 m1 m2 m3
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k2 m3 m4 m5
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k3 m5 m6 m7
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> sdiffstore d1 k1 k2
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers d1
1) "m2"
2) "m1"
127.0.0.1:6379> sdiffstore d2 k2 k1
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers d2
1) "m4"
2) "m5"
127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff d1 k3
1) "m2"
2) "m1"
127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff k1 k2 k3
1) "m2"
2) "m1"
127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff d2 k3
1) "m4"
127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff k2 k1 k3
1) "m4"

九、返回给定所有集合的交集

　　命令：sinter

　　格式：sinter key1 [key2] ...

127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k1 m1 m2 m3
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k2 m2 m3 m4
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k3 m3 m4 m5
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> sinter k1 k2
1) "m3"
2) "m2"
127.0.0.1:6379> sinter k1 k2 k3
1) "m3"
127.0.0.1:6379> sinter k2 k1
1) "m3"
2) "m2"
127.0.0.1:6379> sinter k2 k1 k3
1) "m3"

十、返回给定所有集合的交集并存储在 destination 中

　　命令：sinterstore

　　格式：sinterstore destination key1 [key2] ...

127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k1 m1 m2 m3
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k2 m2 m3 m4
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k3 m3 m4 m5
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> sinter k1 k2
1) "m3"
2) "m2"
127.0.0.1:6379> sinter k1 k2 k3
1) "m3"
127.0.0.1:6379> sinter k2 k1
1) "m3"
2) "m2"
127.0.0.1:6379> sinter k2 k1 k3
1) "m3"
127.0.0.1:6379> sinterstore d1 k1 k2
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers d1
1) "m2"
2) "m3"
127.0.0.1:6379> sinterstore d2 k1 k2 k3
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers d2
1) "m3"

十一、将 member 元素从 source 集合移动到 destination 集合

　　命令：smove

　　格式：smove src des members

127.0.0.1:6379> sadd src m1 m2 m3
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd des m4 m5 m6
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers src
1) "m3"
2) "m2"
3) "m1"
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers des
1) "m4"
2) "m6"
3) "m5"
127.0.0.1:6379> smove src des m1
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers src
1) "m3"
2) "m2"
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers des
1) "m4"
2) "m6"
3) "m1"
4) "m5"
127.0.0.1:6379> smove src des m0
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers src
1) "m3"
2) "m2"
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers des
1) "m4"
2) "m6"
3) "m1"
4) "m5"

十二、返回集合中一个或多个随机数

　　命令：srandmember

　　格式：srandmember key [count]

127.0.0.1:6379> sadd rand_set m1 m2 m3 m4 m5 m6 m7 m8
(integer) 8
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers rand_set
1) "m8"
2) "m2"
3) "m3"
4) "m6"
5) "m1"
6) "m5"
7) "m4"
8) "m7"
127.0.0.1:6379> srandmember rand_set
"m8"
127.0.0.1:6379> srandmember rand_set 
"m6"
127.0.0.1:6379> srandmember rand_set 3
1) "m8"
2) "m5"
3) "m7"

十三、返回所有给定集合的并集

　　命令：sunion

　　格式：sunion key1 [key2] ...

127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k1 m1 m2
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k2 m3 m4
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k3 m1 m3 m5 m6
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379> sunion k1 k2
1) "m4"
2) "m3"
3) "m2"
4) "m1"
127.0.0.1:6379> sunion k1 k3
1) "m6"
2) "m1"
3) "m2"
4) "m3"
5) "m5"
127.0.0.1:6379> sunion k1 k2 k3
1) "m2"
2) "m3"
3) "m6"
4) "m1"
5) "m5"
6) "m4"

十四、所有给定集合的并集存储在 destination 集合中

　　命令：sunionstore

　　格式：sunionstore destination key1 [key2] ...

127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k1 m1 m2
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k2 m3 m4
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k3 m1 m3 m5 m6
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379> sunion k1 k2
1) "m4"
2) "m3"
3) "m2"
4) "m1"
127.0.0.1:6379> sunion k1 k3
1) "m6"
2) "m1"
3) "m2"
4) "m3"
5) "m5"
127.0.0.1:6379> sunion k1 k2 k3
1) "m2"
2) "m3"
3) "m6"
4) "m1"
5) "m5"
6) "m4"
127.0.0.1:6379> sunionstore d1 k1 k2
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers d1
1) "m4"
2) "m3"
3) "m2"
4) "m1"
127.0.0.1:6379> sunionstore d2 k1 k2 k3
(integer) 6
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers d2
1) "m2"
2) "m3"
3) "m6"
4) "m1"
5) "m5"
6) "m4"

十五、迭代集合中的元素

　　命令：sscan

　　格式：sscan key cursor [MATCH pattern] [COUNT count] 

127.0.0.1:6379> sadd set_key m1 m2 m3 member1 member2 member3
(integer) 6
127.0.0.1:6379> sscan set_key 0
1) "0"
2) 1) "member1"
   2) "member3"
   3) "m2"
   4) "m3"
   5) "member2"
   6) "m1"
127.0.0.1:6379> sscan set_key 0 MATCH m*
1) "0"
2) 1) "member1"
   2) "member3"
   3) "m2"
   4) "m3"
   5) "member2"
   6) "m1"
127.0.0.1:6379> sscan set_key 0 MATCH me*
1) "0"
2) 1) "member1"
   2) "member3"
   3) "member2"
127.0.0.1:6379> sscan set_key 0 MATCH me* COUNT 1
1) "1"
2) 1) "member1"
   2) "member3"
127.0.0.1:6379> sscan set_key 0 MATCH me* COUNT 0
(error) ERR syntax error
127.0.0.1:6379> sscan set_key 0 MATCH me* COUNT 3
1) "3"
2) 1) "member1"
   2) "member3"
   3) "member2"

 

参考链接：https://www.runoob.com/redis/redis-strings.html