nginx环境下配置支持php5.6（nginx+PHP）

该文主要讲述在nginx环境下如何配置支持php5.6，主要分为三部分：配置安装PHP5.6.25，配置php-fpm组件，配置nginx支持PHP（请自行编译安装nginx） 

1、配置安装PHP5.6.25

[root@localhost share]# cp php-5.6.25.tar.gz/usr/local

[root@localhost share]# cd /usr/local

[root@localhost local]# tar -zvxf php-5.6.25.tar.gz

[root@localhost local]# cd php-5.6.25

[root@localhost php-5.6.25]# ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/php --enable-fpm

要想使php支持php-fpm，只需要在编译的时候带上 --enable-fpm 就可以了

configure error xml2-config not found. pleasecheck your libxml2 installation

编译时报以上错误，此时安装相关包再重新编译安装即可。

[root@localhost php-5.6.25]# yum install libxml2

[root@localhost php-5.6.25]# yum install libxml2-devel

[root@localhost php-5.6.25]# ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/php --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm

[root@localhost php-5.6.25]# make

[root@localhost php-5.6.25]# makeinstall

Installing shared extensions:    /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/

Installing PHP CLI binary:        /usr/local/php/bin/

Installing PHP CLI man page:      /usr/local/php/php/man/man1/

Installing PHP FPM binary:        /usr/local/php/sbin/

Installing PHP FPM config:        /usr/local/php/etc/

Installing PHP FPM man page:      /usr/local/php/php/man/man8/

Installing PHP FPM status page:   /usr/local/php/php/php/fpm/

Installing PHP CGI binary:        /usr/local/php/bin/

Installing PHP CGI man page:      /usr/local/php/php/man/man1/

Installing build environment:     /usr/local/php/lib/php/build/

Installing header files:           /usr/local/php/include/php/

Installing helper programs:       /usr/local/php/bin/

 program: phpize

 program: php-config

Installing man pages:             /usr/local/php/php/man/man1/

 page: phpize.1

 page: php-config.1

Installing PEAR environment:      /usr/local/php/lib/php/

[PEAR] Archive_Tar    - installed: 1.4.0

[PEAR] Console_Getopt - installed: 1.4.1

[PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.1.1

[PEAR] XML_Util       - installed: 1.3.0

[PEAR] PEAR           - installed: 1.10.1

Wrote PEAR system config file at:/usr/local/php/etc/pear.conf

You may want to add: /usr/local/php/lib/phpto your php.ini include_path

/usr/local/php-5.6.25/build/shtool install-c ext/phar/phar.phar /usr/local/php/bin

ln -s -f phar.phar /usr/local/php/bin/phar

Installing PDO headers:           /usr/local/php/include/php/ext/pdo/

 

查看是否成功编译安装PHP

[root@localhost php-5.6.25]# php -v

PHP 5.3.3 (cli) (built: May 10 2016 21:39:50)

Copyright (c) 1997-2010 The PHP Group

Zend Engine v2.3.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2010 ZendTechnologies

[root@localhost php-5.6.25]# cd/usr/local/php/sbin/

[root@localhost sbin]# ls

php-fpm

[root@localhost sbin]# cd/usr/local/php/

[root@localhost php]# ls

bin  etc include  lib  php sbin  var

[root@localhost fpm]# cd/usr/local/php/etc/

[root@localhost etc]# ls

pear.conf  php-fpm.conf.default

[root@localhost etc]#

 

编译安装完成后PHP不具备配置文件php.ini，此时只需复制php.ini-production到 /usr/local/lib/php.ini即可,php.ini文件一般在/usr/local/lib/和/etc目录下

[root@localhost php-5.6.25]# cp php.ini-production/usr/local/lib/php.ini

也可以在编译时直接在 make install 后面加一个编译参数 --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc 指定自己的php.ini路径 然后从源码里面cp过去php.ini 源码里面有个php.ini-development和php.ini-production 如果不是本地调试模式的 选择后者

 

2、配置php-fpm组件

LNMP环境中的nginx是不支持php的，需要通过fastcgi插件来处理有关php的请求。而php需要php-fpm这个组件提供该功能。在php5.3.3以前的版本php-fpm是以一个补丁包的形式存在的，而php5.3.3以后只需在编译安装时使用–enable-fpm加载该模块即可，无需另行安装。

[root@localhost php-5.6.25]#/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm

[29-Aug-2016 17:36:05] ERROR: failed toopen configuration file '/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf': No such file ordirectory (2)

[29-Aug-2016 17:36:05] ERROR: failed toload configuration file '/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf'

[29-Aug-2016 17:36:05] ERROR: FPMinitialization failed

 

启动php-fpm发现缺乏配置文件/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

此时只需复制php-fpm的配置文件在安装php时提供的配置文件的模版/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default到相应目录下即可，此处有两种方法，均可提供配置文件，即分别将末班复制到/usr/local/php/etc/或者 /usr/local/etc/并重命名为php-fpm.conf

①  

[root@localhost etc]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/

[root@localhost etc]# ls

pear.conf php-fpm.conf.default

[root@localhost etc]# cp/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf

利用/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm启动FPM

[root@localhost etc]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm

②  

[root@localhost etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.defaultphp-fpm.conf

[root@localhost etc]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm

 

至此php-fpm配置完成，鉴于fpm是置于PHP和Nginx之间的一层应用，所以配置成服务开机自启。

下面配置php-fpm以服务形式启动

[root@localhost etc]# cd /usr/local/php-5.6.25/

[root@localhost php-5.6.25]# cp./sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm  /etc/init.d/php-fpm

[root@localhost php-5.6.25]# ll /etc/init.d/php-fpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2354 8月  3115:54 /etc/init.d/php-fpm

[root@localhost php-5.6.25]# chmod a+x/etc/init.d/php-fpm

[root@localhost php-5.6.25]# ll /etc/init.d/php-fpm

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2354 8月  3115:54 /etc/init.d/php-fpm

[root@localhost php-5.6.25]# /etc/init.d/php-fpmstart

Starting php-fpm [31-Aug-2016 15:56:00]ERROR: unable to bind listening socket for address '127.0.0.1:9000': Addressalready in use (98)

[31-Aug-2016 15:56:00] ERROR: FPMinitialization failed

Failed

[root@localhost php-5.6.25]# netstat -tunlp |grep9000

tcp        0     0 127.0.0.1:9000             0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      4928/php-fpm       

 [root@localhost etc]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm stop

Gracefully shutting down php-fpm warning,no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?

关闭php-fpm服务时发现报错，缺乏pid文件，解决方法为编辑配置文件，启用pid文件

[root@localhost etc]# vim php-fpm.conf

pid = run/php-fpm.pid

[root@localhost etc]# kill -INT `cat/usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`

cat: /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid: 没有那个文件或目录

[root@localhost etc]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm stop

Gracefully shutting down php-fpm warning,no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?

尝试关闭服务时再次报错，手动建立php-fpm.pid文件即可

[root@localhost etc]# cd /usr/local/php/var/run/

[root@localhost run]# vim php-fpm.pid

[root@localhost run]# ls

php-fpm.pid

[root@localhost run]# service php-fpm stop

Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done

[root@localhost run]# service php-fpm start

Starting php-fpm done

[root@localhost run]# netstat -tunlp |grep 9000

tcp       0      0 127.0.0.1:9000              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      3008/php-fpm       

[root@localhost run]# kill -INT `cat/usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`

[root@localhost run]# netstat -tunlp |grep 9000

[root@localhost run]#  /etc/init.d/php-fpm start

Startingphp-fpm  done          

将服务添加到chkconfig列表，设置开机启动

[root@localhost run]# chkconfig --add php-fpm

[root@localhost run]# chkconfig php-fpm on

 

至此，php-fpm配置完成，下面提供两种控制方式

① PHP-FPM使用信号控制：

master进程可以理解以下信号

INT, TERM 立刻终止

QUIT 平滑终止

USR1 重新打开日志文件

USR2 平滑重载所有worker进程并重新载入配置和二进制模块

启动

[root@localhost run]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm

关闭：

[root@localhost run]# kill -INT `cat/usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`

重启：

[root@localhost run]# kill -USR2 `cat/usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`

②  

服务方式控制

Usage: /etc/init.d/php-fpm {start|stop|force-quit|restart|reload|status}

[root@localhost run]# service php-fpm start

Starting php-fpm done

[root@localhost run]# service php-fpm stop

Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done

[root@localhost run]#  /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart

Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done

Starting php-fpm done

[root@localhost run]#

 

3、配置nginx支持PHP

[root@localhost php-5.6.25]# cd /opt/nginx/conf/

[root@localhost conf]# vim nginx.conf

user  fieldyang;

error_log  logs/error.log;

pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events{

    use epoll;

    worker_connections  1024;

}

………

……..

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGIserver listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

        #

       location ~ \.php$ {

            root           /opt/nginx/sbin/html;

            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;

           fastcgi_index  index.php;

          fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

            include        fastcgi_params;

        }

创建phpinfo.php测试nginx是否支持PHP

[root@localhost conf]# cd /opt/nginx/sbin

[root@localhost sbin]# ls

html  nginx

[root@localhost sbin]# cd html/

[root@localhost html]# vim phpinfo.php

启动nginx

[root@localhost conf]# /opt/nginx/sbin/nginx

[root@localhost conf]# netstat -tnlp | grep nginx

tcp       0      0 0.0.0.0:8088                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      4790/nginx         

[root@localhost conf]# kill -USR2 4790

[root@localhost conf]# kill -QUIT 4790

[root@localhost conf]# netstat -tnlp | grep nginx

tcp        0     0 0.0.0.0:8088               0.0.0.0:*                  LISTEN      5207/nginx         

[root@localhost conf]# kill -USR2 5207

[root@localhost conf]# netstat -tnlp | grep nginx

tcp       0      0 0.0.0.0:8088                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      5207/nginx 

在网页上输入http://192.168.56.102:8088/phpinfo.php进行测试     

 

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附：Nginx的启动关闭和重启

nginx可以通过信号指令控制进程，常用的信号有：

QUIT：处理完当前请求后关闭进程

HUP：重新加载配置，也就是关闭原有的进程，开启新的进程，此操作不会中断用户的访问请求，所以又称为平滑重启nginx

USR1：用于nginx的日志切换，也就是重新打开一个日志文件，每天要生成一个新的日志文件时，可以使用该信号控制。

USR2：平滑升级可执行程序

WINCH ：从容关闭工作进程

常用的方法控制有：

①  kill –XXX主进程号

[root@localhost run]# ps -ef |grep nginx

root     2771     1  0 10:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx

503      2772  2771  010:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: workerprocess

503      2773  2771  0 10:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

503      2774  2771  0 10:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

503      2775  2771  0 10:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

root     3575  2730  0 12:08 pts/1    00:00:00 grep nginx

[root@localhost run]# kill -QUIT2771

[root@localhost run]# ps -ef |grep nginx

root     3578  2730  0 12:09 pts/1    00:00:00 grep nginx

[root@localhost run]# /opt/nginx/sbin/nginx

[root@localhost run]# ps -ef |grep nginx

root     3580     1  0 12:09 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx

503      3581  3580  0 12:09 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

503      3582  3580  0 12:09 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

503      3583  3580  0 12:09 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

503      3584  3580  0 12:09 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

root     3588  2730  0 12:10 pts/1    00:00:00 grep nginx

[root@localhost run]# kill -HUP3580

[root@localhost run]# ps -ef |grep nginx

root     3580     1  0 12:09 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx

503      3590  3580  0 12:10 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

503      3591  3580  0 12:10 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

503      3592  3580  0 12:10 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

503      3593  3580  0 12:10 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

root     3596  2730  0 12:10 pts/1    00:00:00 grep nginx

[root@localhost run]# kill -WINCH3580

[root@localhost run]# ps -ef |grep nginx

root     3580     1  0 12:09 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx

 

② kill -信号类型`cat /安装目录/logs/nginx.pid`

使用该方法时需要在nginx.conf配置了pid文件存放路径则该文件存放的就是Nginx主进程号，如果没指定则放在nginx的logs目录下。有了pid文件，我们就不用先查询Nginx的主进程号，而直接向Nginx发送信号了，命令如下：

kill -信号类型`cat /安装目录/logs/nginx.pid`

[root@localhost conf]# cd /opt/nginx/logs/

[root@localhost logs]# ls

access.log error.log  nginx.pid

[root@localhost logs]# ps -ef |grep nginx

root     3580     1  0 12:09 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx

503      3680  3580  0 12:28 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

503      3681  3580  0 12:28 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

503      3682  3580  0 12:28 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

503      3683  3580  0 12:28 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

root     3687  2730  0 12:28 pts/1    00:00:00 grep nginx

[root@localhost logs]# kill -HUP`cat /opt/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`

[root@localhost logs]# ps -ef |grep nginx

root     3580     1  0 12:09 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx

503      3689  3580  0 12:28 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

503      3690  3580  0 12:28 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

503      3691  3580  0 12:28 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

503      3692  3580  0 12:28 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

root     3694  2730  0 12:28 pts/1    00:00:00 grep nginx

[root@localhost logs]#