mysql分区表测试

mysql分区表测试

---

mysql部署情况

使用docker-compose在10.xx.xx.1机器进行部署, 端口3307为master，3308为slave实例, master+slave ,以下的写入操作在master进行，读取操作在slave中进行

表结构

使用范围进行分区，时间戳一天一张表.

CREATE TABLE login_user (
id INT,
user_name VARCHAR(20),
create_date TIMESTAMP,
UNIQUE KEY (id,create_date)
)
PARTITION BY RANGE ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP(create_date) ) (
PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2018-10-02 00:00:00') ),
PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2018-10-03 00:00:00') ),
PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2018-10-04 00:00:00') ),
PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2018-10-05 00:00:00') ),
PARTITION p5 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2018-10-06 00:00:00') ),
PARTITION p6 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2018-10-07 00:00:00') ),
PARTITION p7 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2018-10-08 00:00:00') ),
PARTITION p8 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2018-10-09 00:00:00') ),
PARTITION p9 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2018-10-10 00:00:00') ),
PARTITION p10 VALUES LESS THAN (UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2018-10-11 00:00:00') )
);

分区情况

mysql root@localhost:my_database> select partition_name part,partition_expression expr,partition_description descr,table_rows from information_schema.partitions where table_schema = schema() and table_name='log
in_user';
+------+------------------------------+------------+------------+
| part | expr | descr | table_rows |
+------+------------------------------+------------+------------+
| p1 | UNIX_TIMESTAMP(create_date) | 1538438400 | 0 |
| p2 | UNIX_TIMESTAMP(create_date) | 1538524800 | 0 |
| p3 | UNIX_TIMESTAMP(create_date) | 1538611200 | 0 |
| p4 | UNIX_TIMESTAMP(create_date) | 1538697600 | 0 |
| p5 | UNIX_TIMESTAMP(create_date) | 1538784000 | 0 |
| p6 | UNIX_TIMESTAMP(create_date) | 1538870400 | 0 |
| p7 | UNIX_TIMESTAMP(create_date) | 1538956800 | 0 |
| p8 | UNIX_TIMESTAMP(create_date) | 1539043200 | 0 |
| p9 | UNIX_TIMESTAMP(create_date) | 1539129600 | 0 |
| p10 | UNIX_TIMESTAMP(create_date) | 1539216000 | 0 |
+------+------------------------------+------------+------------+
10 rows in set
Time: 0.015s

文件存储相关

多文件存储在IO层面减少多线程访问竞态条件.

I have no name!@4b8b48b630f3:/bitnami/mysql/data/my_database$ ls -alh
total 1.2M
drwxr-x--- 2 1001 root 4.0K Nov 7 04:03 .
drwxrwxr-x 6 root root 4.0K Nov 7 02:48 ..
-rw-r----- 1 1001 root 61 Nov 7 02:47 db.opt
-rw-r----- 1 1001 root 112K Nov 7 04:16 login_user#P#p1.ibd
-rw-r----- 1 1001 root 112K Nov 7 04:16 login_user#P#p10.ibd
-rw-r----- 1 1001 root 112K Nov 7 04:16 login_user#P#p2.ibd
-rw-r----- 1 1001 root 112K Nov 7 04:16 login_user#P#p3.ibd
-rw-r----- 1 1001 root 112K Nov 7 04:16 login_user#P#p4.ibd
-rw-r----- 1 1001 root 112K Nov 7 04:16 login_user#P#p5.ibd
-rw-r----- 1 1001 root 112K Nov 7 04:16 login_user#P#p6.ibd
-rw-r----- 1 1001 root 112K Nov 7 04:16 login_user#P#p7.ibd
-rw-r----- 1 1001 root 112K Nov 7 04:16 login_user#P#p8.ibd
-rw-r----- 1 1001 root 112K Nov 7 04:03 login_user#P#p9.ibd
-rw-r----- 1 1001 root 8.5K Nov 7 04:02 login_user.frm

写入测试数据

insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (1,'test','2018-10-01 01:01:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (2,'test','2018-10-02 01:02:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (3,'test','2018-10-03 01:03:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (4,'test','2018-10-04 01:04:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (5,'test','2018-10-05 01:05:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (6,'test','2018-10-06 01:06:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (7,'test','2018-10-07 01:07:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (8,'test','2018-10-08 01:08:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (9,'test','2018-10-08 01:09:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (10,'test','2018-10-10 01:10:03');

insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (11,'test','2018-10-01 02:01:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (12,'test','2018-10-02 02:02:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (13,'test','2018-10-03 02:03:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (14,'test','2018-10-04 02:04:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (15,'test','2018-10-05 02:05:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (16,'test','2018-10-06 02:06:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (17,'test','2018-10-07 02:07:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (18,'test','2018-10-08 02:08:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (19,'test','2018-10-08 02:09:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (20,'test','2018-10-10 02:10:03');

insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (21,'test','2018-10-01 03:01:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (22,'test','2018-10-02 03:02:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (23,'test','2018-10-03 03:03:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (24,'test','2018-10-04 03:04:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (25,'test','2018-10-05 03:05:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (26,'test','2018-10-06 03:06:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (27,'test','2018-10-07 03:07:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (28,'test','2018-10-08 03:08:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (29,'test','2018-10-08 03:09:03');
insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (30,'test','2018-10-10 03:10:03');

使用非分区字段查询

全分区扫描

mysql root@localhost:my_database> explain select * from login_user where id = 1 ;
+----+-------------+------------+--------------------------------+------+---------------+-----+---------+-------+------+----------+--------+
| id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra |
+----+-------------+------------+--------------------------------+------+---------------+-----+---------+-------+------+----------+--------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | login_user | p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6,p7,p8,p9,p10 | ref | id | id | 5 | const | 1 | 100.0 | |
+----+-------------+------------+--------------------------------+------+---------------+-----+---------+-------+------+----------+--------+
1 row in set
Time: 0.024s

使用分区字段进行查询

直接读取p1

mysql root@localhost:my_database> explain select * from login_user where create_date = '2018-10-01 01:01:03';
+----+-------------+------------+------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+--------+------+----------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra |
+----+-------------+------------+------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+--------+------+----------+-------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | login_user | p1 | ALL | | | | | 3 | 33.33 | Using where |
+----+-------------+------------+------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+--------+------+----------+-------------+
1 row in set
Time: 0.020s

分区字段进行区间查询1

读取p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6,p7,p8 , 控制查询范围很重要，尽可能减少区间

mysql root@localhost:my_database> explain select * from login_user where create_date between '2018-10-01 01:01:03' and '2018-10-08 01:08:03' ;
+----+-------------+------------+-------------------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+--------+------+----------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra |
+----+-------------+------------+-------------------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+--------+------+----------+-------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | login_user | p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6,p7,p8 | ALL | | | | | 27 | 11.11 | Using where |
+----+-------------+------------+-------------------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+--------+------+----------+-------------+
1 row in set
Time: 0.019s

分区字段进行分区查询2

读取p1,p2,p3 ,不影响其他分区

mysql root@localhost:my_database> explain select * from login_user where create_date between '2018-10-01 01:01:03' and '2018-10-03 01:08:03' ;
+----+-------------+------------+------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+--------+------+----------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra |
+----+-------------+------------+------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+--------+------+----------+-------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | login_user | p1,p2,p3 | ALL | | | | | 9 | 11.11 | Using where |
+----+-------------+------------+------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+--------+------+----------+-------------+
1 row in set
Time: 0.018s

分区字段进行分组统计

读取p1,p2,p3 ,不影响其他分区

mysql root@localhost:my_database> explain select id , count(1) from login_user where create_date between '2018-10-01 01:01:03' and '2018-10-03 01:08:03' group by id ;

+----+-------------+------------+------------+-------+---------------+-----+---------+--------+------+----------+--------------------------+
| id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra |
+----+-------------+------------+------------+-------+---------------+-----+---------+--------+------+----------+--------------------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | login_user | p1,p2,p3 | index | id | id | 10 | | 9 | 11.11 | Using where; Using index |
+----+-------------+------------+------------+-------+---------------+-----+---------+--------+------+----------+--------------------------+
1 row in set
Time: 0.021s

使用分区字段进行小于查询

直接读取p1

mysql root@localhost:my_database> explain delete from login_user where create_date < '2018-10-02 00:00:00'
+----+-------------+------------+------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+--------+------+----------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra |
+----+-------------+------------+------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+--------+------+----------+-------------+
| 1 | DELETE | login_user | p1 | ALL | | | | | 3 | 100.0 | Using where |
+----+-------------+------------+------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+--------+------+----------+-------------+
1 row in set
Time: 0.023s

插入测试

直接插入对应的分区表

mysql root@localhost:my_database> explain insert into login_user(id,user_name,create_date) values (5,'test','2018-10-05 01:05:03');
+----+-------------+------------+------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+--------+--------+----------+--------+
| id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra |
+----+-------------+------------+------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+--------+--------+----------+--------+
| 1 | INSERT | login_user | p5 | ALL | | | | | | | |
+----+-------------+------------+------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+--------+--------+----------+--------+
1 row in set
Time: 0.018s

分区表扩容及移动方案.

因为分区表有数量限制(1024),当数据接近1024份时，需要进行老数据的归档(将老数据迁移出分区表), 并且建立新的分区用来存放接下来的数据范围.

ALTER TABLE login_user PARTITION BY RANGE (UNIX_TIMESTAMP(create_date))
(
PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2018-10-02 00:00:00') ),
PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2018-10-03 00:00:00') )
);

分区表DBA相关

LVM磁盘动态扩容