github libfuse
FUSE简介(译)
用户态文件系统fuse学习
使用 FUSE 开发自己的文件系统
fuse接口用法说明
linux的readdir和readdir_r函数
基于fuse文件系统优化方法总结[附带详细说明]
FUSE指的是用户态文件系统,FUSE在内核中存在一个驱动,用户态对文件系统的操作,通过FUSE驱动转发到用户态程序,这样就可以在用户态实现文件系统操作,传统的Linux文件系统存在于内核中,比如Linux下对NTFS提供读写支持的NTFS-3G软件包就是利用FUSE实现的,
实现FUSE也就是实现FUSE定义的一套函数集,通过这组函数虚拟出一个文件系统,不管这个文件系统存在什么地方,以一种什么样的形式,
struct fuse_operations {
int (*getattr) (const char *, struct stat *);
int (*readlink) (const char *, char *, size_t);
int (*getdir) (const char *, fuse_dirh_t, fuse_dirfil_t);
int (*mknod) (const char *, mode_t, dev_t);
int (*mkdir) (const char *, mode_t);
int (*unlink) (const char *);
int (*rmdir) (const char *);
int (*symlink) (const char *, const char *);
int (*rename) (const char *, const char *);
int (*link) (const char *, const char *);
int (*chmod) (const char *, mode_t);
int (*chown) (const char *, uid_t, gid_t);
int (*truncate) (const char *, off_t);
int (*utime) (const char *, struct utimbuf *);
int (*open) (const char *, struct fuse_file_info *);
int (*read) (const char *, char *, size_t, off_t, struct fuse_file_info *);
int (*write) (const char *, const char *, size_t, off_t,struct fuse_file_info *);
int (*statfs) (const char *, struct statfs *);
int (*flush) (const char *, struct fuse_file_info *);
int (*release) (const char *, struct fuse_file_info *);
int (*fsync) (const char *, int, struct fuse_file_info *);
int (*setxattr) (const char *, const char *, const char *, size_t, int);
int (*getxattr) (const char *, const char *, char *, size_t);
int (*listxattr) (const char *, char *, size_t);
int (*removexattr) (const char *, const char *);
};
根据我们自研的文件系统特性,采取下面三个措施,提高顺序读写性能,
libfuse自带的hello,构造了一个只有一个可读文件的文件系统,文件名和文件内容来自于main的输入参数,
/*
FUSE: Filesystem in Userspace
Copyright (C) 2001-2007 Miklos Szeredi
This program can be distributed under the terms of the GNU GPL.
See the file COPYING.
*/
/** @file
*
* minimal example filesystem using high-level API
*
* Compile with:
*
* gcc -Wall hello.c `pkg-config fuse3 --cflags --libs` -o hello
*
* ## Source code ##
* \include hello.c
*/
#define FUSE_USE_VERSION 31
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
/*
* Command line options
*
* We can't set default values for the char* fields here because
* fuse_opt_parse would attempt to free() them when the user specifies
* different values on the command line.
*/
static struct options {
const char *filename;
const char *contents;
int show_help;
} options;
#define OPTION(t, p) \
{ t, offsetof(struct options, p), 1 }
static const struct fuse_opt option_spec[] = {
OPTION("--name=%s", filename),
OPTION("--contents=%s", contents),
OPTION("-h", show_help),
OPTION("--help", show_help),
FUSE_OPT_END
};
static void *hello_init(struct fuse_conn_info *conn,
struct fuse_config *cfg)
{
(void) conn;
cfg->kernel_cache = 1;
return NULL;
}
static int hello_getattr(const char *path, struct stat *stbuf,
struct fuse_file_info *fi)
{
(void) fi;
int res = 0;
memset(stbuf, 0, sizeof(struct stat));
if (strcmp(path, "/") == 0) {
stbuf->st_mode = S_IFDIR | 0755;
stbuf->st_nlink = 2;
} else if (strcmp(path+1, options.filename) == 0) {
stbuf->st_mode = S_IFREG | 0444;
stbuf->st_nlink = 1;
stbuf->st_size = strlen(options.contents);
} else
res = -ENOENT;
return res;
}
static int hello_readdir(const char *path, void *buf, fuse_fill_dir_t filler,
off_t offset, struct fuse_file_info *fi,
enum fuse_readdir_flags flags)
{
(void) offset;
(void) fi;
(void) flags;
if (strcmp(path, "/") != 0)
return -ENOENT;
filler(buf, ".", NULL, 0, 0);
filler(buf, "..", NULL, 0, 0);
filler(buf, options.filename, NULL, 0, 0);
return 0;
}
static int hello_open(const char *path, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
{
if (strcmp(path+1, options.filename) != 0)
return -ENOENT;
if ((fi->flags & O_ACCMODE) != O_RDONLY)
return -EACCES;
return 0;
}
static int hello_read(const char *path, char *buf, size_t size, off_t offset,
struct fuse_file_info *fi)
{
size_t len;
(void) fi;
if(strcmp(path+1, options.filename) != 0)
return -ENOENT;
len = strlen(options.contents);
if (offset < len) {
if (offset + size > len)
size = len - offset;
memcpy(buf, options.contents + offset, size);
} else
size = 0;
return size;
}
static struct fuse_operations hello_oper = {
.init = hello_init,
.getattr = hello_getattr,
.readdir = hello_readdir,
.open = hello_open,
.read = hello_read,
};
static void show_help(const char *progname)
{
printf("usage: %s [options] \n\n" , progname);
printf("File-system specific options:\n"
" --name= Name of the \"hello\" file\n"
" (default: \"hello\")\n"
" --contents= Contents \"hello\" file\n"
" (default \"Hello, World!\\n\")\n"
"\n");
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int ret;
struct fuse_args args = FUSE_ARGS_INIT(argc, argv);
/* Set defaults -- we have to use strdup so that
fuse_opt_parse can free the defaults if other
values are specified */
options.filename = strdup("hello");
options.contents = strdup("Hello World!\n");
/* Parse options */
if (fuse_opt_parse(&args, &options, option_spec, NULL) == -1)
return 1;
/* When --help is specified, first print our own file-system
specific help text, then signal fuse_main to show
additional help (by adding `--help` to the options again)
without usage: line (by setting argv[0] to the empty
string) */
if (options.show_help) {
show_help(argv[0]);
assert(fuse_opt_add_arg(&args, "--help") == 0);
args.argv[0][0] = '\0';
}
ret = fuse_main(args.argc, args.argv, &hello_oper, NULL);
fuse_opt_free_args(&args);
return ret;
}
参考fusexmp.c
,全面的实现,
/*
FUSE: Filesystem in Userspace
Copyright (C) 2001-2007 Miklos Szeredi
Copyright (C) 2011 Sebastian Pipping
This program can be distributed under the terms of the GNU GPL.
See the file COPYING.
gcc -Wall fusexmp.c `pkg-config fuse --cflags --libs` -o fusexmp
*/
#define FUSE_USE_VERSION 26
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include
#endif
#ifdef linux
/* For pread()/pwrite()/utimensat() */
#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 700
#endif
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#ifdef HAVE_SETXATTR
#include
#endif
static int xmp_getattr(const char *path, struct stat *stbuf)
{
int res;
res = lstat(path, stbuf);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
static int xmp_access(const char *path, int mask)
{
int res;
res = access(path, mask);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
static int xmp_readlink(const char *path, char *buf, size_t size)
{
int res;
res = readlink(path, buf, size - 1);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
buf[res] = '\0';
return 0;
}
static int xmp_readdir(const char *path, void *buf, fuse_fill_dir_t filler,
off_t offset, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
{
DIR *dp;
struct dirent *de;
(void) offset;
(void) fi;
dp = opendir(path);
if (dp == NULL)
return -errno;
while ((de = readdir(dp)) != NULL) {
struct stat st;
memset(&st, 0, sizeof(st));
st.st_ino = de->d_ino;
st.st_mode = de->d_type << 12;
if (filler(buf, de->d_name, &st, 0))
break;
}
closedir(dp);
return 0;
}
static int xmp_mknod(const char *path, mode_t mode, dev_t rdev)
{
int res;
/* On Linux this could just be 'mknod(path, mode, rdev)' but this
is more portable */
if (S_ISREG(mode)) {
res = open(path, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_WRONLY, mode);
if (res >= 0)
res = close(res);
} else if (S_ISFIFO(mode))
res = mkfifo(path, mode);
else
res = mknod(path, mode, rdev);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
static int xmp_mkdir(const char *path, mode_t mode)
{
int res;
res = mkdir(path, mode);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
static int xmp_unlink(const char *path)
{
int res;
res = unlink(path);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
static int xmp_rmdir(const char *path)
{
int res;
res = rmdir(path);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
static int xmp_symlink(const char *from, const char *to)
{
int res;
res = symlink(from, to);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
static int xmp_rename(const char *from, const char *to)
{
int res;
res = rename(from, to);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
static int xmp_link(const char *from, const char *to)
{
int res;
res = link(from, to);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
static int xmp_chmod(const char *path, mode_t mode)
{
int res;
res = chmod(path, mode);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
static int xmp_chown(const char *path, uid_t uid, gid_t gid)
{
int res;
res = lchown(path, uid, gid);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
static int xmp_truncate(const char *path, off_t size)
{
int res;
res = truncate(path, size);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
#ifdef HAVE_UTIMENSAT
static int xmp_utimens(const char *path, const struct timespec ts[2])
{
int res;
/* don't use utime/utimes since they follow symlinks */
res = utimensat(0, path, ts, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
#endif
static int xmp_open(const char *path, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
{
int res;
res = open(path, fi->flags);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
close(res);
return 0;
}
static int xmp_read(const char *path, char *buf, size_t size, off_t offset,
struct fuse_file_info *fi)
{
int fd;
int res;
(void) fi;
fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
if (fd == -1)
return -errno;
res = pread(fd, buf, size, offset);
if (res == -1)
res = -errno;
close(fd);
return res;
}
static int xmp_write(const char *path, const char *buf, size_t size,
off_t offset, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
{
int fd;
int res;
(void) fi;
fd = open(path, O_WRONLY);
if (fd == -1)
return -errno;
res = pwrite(fd, buf, size, offset);
if (res == -1)
res = -errno;
close(fd);
return res;
}
static int xmp_statfs(const char *path, struct statvfs *stbuf)
{
int res;
res = statvfs(path, stbuf);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
static int xmp_release(const char *path, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
{
/* Just a stub. This method is optional and can safely be left
unimplemented */
(void) path;
(void) fi;
return 0;
}
static int xmp_fsync(const char *path, int isdatasync,
struct fuse_file_info *fi)
{
/* Just a stub. This method is optional and can safely be left
unimplemented */
(void) path;
(void) isdatasync;
(void) fi;
return 0;
}
#ifdef HAVE_POSIX_FALLOCATE
static int xmp_fallocate(const char *path, int mode,
off_t offset, off_t length, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
{
int fd;
int res;
(void) fi;
if (mode)
return -EOPNOTSUPP;
fd = open(path, O_WRONLY);
if (fd == -1)
return -errno;
res = -posix_fallocate(fd, offset, length);
close(fd);
return res;
}
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SETXATTR
/* xattr operations are optional and can safely be left unimplemented */
static int xmp_setxattr(const char *path, const char *name, const char *value,
size_t size, int flags)
{
int res = lsetxattr(path, name, value, size, flags);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
static int xmp_getxattr(const char *path, const char *name, char *value,
size_t size)
{
int res = lgetxattr(path, name, value, size);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return res;
}
static int xmp_listxattr(const char *path, char *list, size_t size)
{
int res = llistxattr(path, list, size);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return res;
}
static int xmp_removexattr(const char *path, const char *name)
{
int res = lremovexattr(path, name);
if (res == -1)
return -errno;
return 0;
}
#endif /* HAVE_SETXATTR */
static struct fuse_operations xmp_oper = {
.getattr = xmp_getattr,
.access = xmp_access,
.readlink = xmp_readlink,
.readdir = xmp_readdir,
.mknod = xmp_mknod,
.mkdir = xmp_mkdir,
.symlink = xmp_symlink,
.unlink = xmp_unlink,
.rmdir = xmp_rmdir,
.rename = xmp_rename,
.link = xmp_link,
.chmod = xmp_chmod,
.chown = xmp_chown,
.truncate = xmp_truncate,
#ifdef HAVE_UTIMENSAT
.utimens = xmp_utimens,
#endif
.open = xmp_open,
.read = xmp_read,
.write = xmp_write,
.statfs = xmp_statfs,
.release = xmp_release,
.fsync = xmp_fsync,
#ifdef HAVE_POSIX_FALLOCATE
.fallocate = xmp_fallocate,
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SETXATTR
.setxattr = xmp_setxattr,
.getxattr = xmp_getxattr,
.listxattr = xmp_listxattr,
.removexattr = xmp_removexattr,
#endif
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
umask(0);
return fuse_main(argc, argv, &xmp_oper, NULL);
}