在javaweb中实现excel的导入导出到数据库（mysql）

在做web开发时，我们经常会用到数据表格的导入导出功能，这样可以帮我们节省人工操作的时间，极大提高办事效率。
笔者所做的导入导出是针对Java springMVC框架、工作簿poi以及前端jquery-easyui插件设计的。
采用三层架构设计，前台发送请求到对应的servelet中，Servelet根据不同的请求实现具体的方法，到持久层查询数据库信息。（对于理解和学习java对excel操作很适合）

项目所需要的jar包和插件下载地址：
https://download.csdn.net/download/a1150499208/10921184
项目所需要的sql下载地址：
https://download.csdn.net/download/a1150499208/10921220
整体结构如下：

因为只是为了实现，导入导出的功能，和对数据库的查询和插入，页面直接使用的是插件包里面的，没做过多的修饰，效果如下：
点击左上角红色向左按钮导入，支持导入excel，通过解析excel里面的数据，封装起来，到持久层插入到对应的表中。

点击左上角黄色向右按钮导出，实现导出excel数据导出。

前台页面代码：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>























	

		
	

首次访问index页面，默认加载去查询数据库中表是否有数据：

package com.xiaoxiaozhen.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.xiaoxiaozhen.model.UserBean;
import com.xiaoxiaozhen.service.UserJsonService;

//用户的业务层
public class UserJsonServlet extends HttpServlet {
	
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		 //请求发送都是utf-8 
		 request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
         response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
         
         String parameter = request.getParameter("excel");
         
         //查询用户信息
     	 List list = new UserJsonService().finall();
     	 //封装好的用户信息放到json中返回前台
     	 String json = null;
     	 json = JSON.toJSONString(list);
		 response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		 response.getWriter().write(json);
	}

	
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

业务层向下跳：

package com.xiaoxiaozhen.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.xiaoxiaozhen.dao.UserJsonDao;
import com.xiaoxiaozhen.model.UserBean;

//用户业务层
public class UserJsonService {
	
	UserJsonDao dao = new UserJsonDao();
    
	//查询所有用户
	public List finall() {
		return dao.finall();
	}

}

持久层来处理数据库相关的：

package com.xiaoxiaozhen.dao;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;




import com.xiaoxiaozhen.model.UserBean;
import com.xiaoxiaozhen.util.DBTool;

//持久层
public class UserJsonDao {
  
	//查询所有用户信息
	public List finall() {
		DBTool dbt = new DBTool();
		PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
		Connection conn = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		List list = new ArrayList();
		
		try {
			
			conn = dbt.getConnection();
			String sql = "SELECT id,name,sex,age,tell,address FROM testexcel";
			pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
			while (rs.next()) {
				UserBean ub = new UserBean();
				ub.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
				ub.setName(rs.getString("name"));
				ub.setSex(rs.getString("sex"));
				ub.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
				ub.setTell(rs.getInt("tell"));
				ub.setAddress(rs.getString("address"));
				list.add(ub);
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		return list;
	}

}

首次进来因为数据库中没有资料，查询为空。

点击导入，读取分析excel中的数据信息，导入到数据中：

package com.xiaoxiaozhen.servlet;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

import com.xiaoxiaozhen.model.UserBean;
import com.xiaoxiaozhen.service.ExcelImportService;


//导入excel
public class ExcelImportServlet extends HttpServlet {

	
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		 //请求发送都是utf-8
	     request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
   	     response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
   	     
         //文件路径   test.xlsx 文件在代码打包里面，给他这个excel放到C盘根目录下
    	 List list = parseExcel("C:\\test.xlsx");
    	 try {
    		 //保存
    		 new ExcelImportService().save(list);
		 } catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		 }
    	 //保存完重新打开首页，首页默认会查询
	     request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.jsp").forward(request, response);
	}
	
	
	
	
	// 解析Excel,读取内容,path Excel路径
	public static List parseExcel(String path) {
			List list = new ArrayList();
			File file = null;
			InputStream input = null;
			if (path != null && path.length() > 7) {
				// 判断文件是否是Excel(2003、2007)
				String suffix = path
						.substring(path.lastIndexOf("."), path.length());
				file = new File(path);
				try {
					input = new FileInputStream(file);
				} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
					System.out.println("未找到指定的文件！");
				}
				// Excel2003
				if (".xls".equals(suffix)) {
					POIFSFileSystem fileSystem = null;
					// 工作簿
					HSSFWorkbook workBook = null;
					try {
						fileSystem = new POIFSFileSystem(input);
						workBook = new HSSFWorkbook(fileSystem);
					} catch (IOException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
					// 获取第一个工作簿
					HSSFSheet sheet = workBook.getSheetAt(0);
					list = getContent((Sheet) sheet);
					// Excel2007
				} else if (".xlsx".equals(suffix)) {
					XSSFWorkbook workBook = null;
					try {
						workBook = new XSSFWorkbook(input);
					} catch (IOException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
					// 获取第一个工作簿
					XSSFSheet sheet = workBook.getSheetAt(0);
					list = getContent(sheet);
				}
			} else {
				System.out.println("非法的文件路径!");
			}
			return list;
		}
		
	
	
	
	
	
		
  // 获取Excel内容
   public static List getContent(Sheet sheet) {
			List list = new ArrayList();
			// Excel数据总行数
			int rowCount = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();
			// 遍历数据行，略过标题行，从第二行开始
			for (int i = 1; i < rowCount; i++) {
				UserBean ub = new UserBean();
				Row row = sheet.getRow(i);
				int cellCount = row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells();
				// 遍历行单元格
				for (int j = 0; j < cellCount; j++) {
					Cell cell = row.getCell(j);
					switch (j) {
					case 0:
						// 根据cell中的类型来输出数据
						if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
							ub.setId((int)cell.getNumericCellValue());
						}
						break;
					case 1:
						if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING) {
							ub.setName(cell.getStringCellValue());
						}
						break;
					case 2:
						if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING) {
							ub.setSex(cell.getStringCellValue());
						}
						break;
					case 3:
						if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
							ub.setAge((int)cell.getNumericCellValue());
						}
						break;
						
					case 4:
						if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
							ub.setTell((int)cell.getNumericCellValue());
						}
						break;
					case 5:
						if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING) {
							ub.setAddress(cell.getStringCellValue());
						}
						break;
					}
				}
				list.add(ub);
			}
			return list;
	}

	
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

向下跳：

package com.xiaoxiaozhen.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.xiaoxiaozhen.dao.ExcelImportDao;
import com.xiaoxiaozhen.model.UserBean;

public class ExcelImportService {
  
	//保存导入的信息
	public void save(List list) {
	   new ExcelImportDao().save(list);
	}

}

持久层来和数据库交互：

package com.xiaoxiaozhen.dao;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;




import com.xiaoxiaozhen.model.UserBean;
import com.xiaoxiaozhen.util.DBTool;

public class ExcelImportDao {
    
	//保存导入的信息
	public void save(List list) {
		for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
			Connection conn = null;
			PreparedStatement ps = null;
			DBTool dbt = new DBTool();
			try {
				conn = dbt.getConnection();
				String sql = "insert into testexcel(id, name,sex, age, tell, address) values('"
						+ list.get(i).getId()
						+ "', '"
						+ list.get(i).getName()
						+ "', '"
						+ list.get(i).getSex()
						+ "', '"
						+ list.get(i).getAge()
						+ "', '"
						+ list.get(i).getTell()
						+ "', '" + list.get(i).getAddress() + "')";
				ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
				ps.execute();

			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			} finally {
				if (ps != null) {
					try {
						ps.close();
					} catch (SQLException e) {
						// TODO Auto-generated catch block
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
				}
				if (conn != null) {
					try {
						conn.close();
					} catch (SQLException e) {
						// TODO Auto-generated catch block
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}

}

导入成功。