SWAP交换分区的建立及删除
建立SWAP交换分区
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb ##划分分区标识符为82
[root@localhost ~]# mkswap /dev/vdb1 ##准备好将分区用作交换区
[root@localhost ~]# blkid ##确定UUID
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -a /dev/vdb1 ##激活新交换区
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s ##显示当前交换区的状态
设置开机挂载
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab
/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Wed May 7 01:22:57 2014
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=9bf6b9f7-92ad-441b-848e-0257cbb883d1 / xfs defaults 1 1
/dev/vdb1 swap swap defaults 0 0
改变磁盘优先改变磁盘优先级两种方法
[root@localhost ~]# swapoff /dev/vdb2 ##停用特定交换区
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -a /dev/vdb2 -p 1
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s
第二种：
[root@localhost ~]# swapoff /dev/vdb{1,2}
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/fstab
c/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Wed May 7 01:22:57 2014
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=9bf6b9f7-92ad-441b-848e-0257cbb883d1 / xfs defaults 1 1
/dev/vdb1 swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/vdb2 swap swap defaults,pri=2 0 0
不检测 不备份
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -a
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s
删除分区
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s
[root@localhost ~]# swapoff /dev/vdb{1,2}
将/etc/fstab里边之前加的去掉，再删除分区（去掉开机挂载）
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb
[root@localhost ~]# partprobe
[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/partitions
具体代码块如下：
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s ##显示当前交换区的状态
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb 分区划分
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p):
Using default response p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): +4G
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 4 GiB is set
Command (m for help): t ##修改分区类型id
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): L 列出分区类型id
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT
1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 82
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux swap / Solaris'
Command (m for help): wq
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]# partprobe ##同步分区表
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00013f3e
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vda1 * 2048 20970332 10484142+ 83 Linux
Disk /dev/vdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x9d727787
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vdb1 2048 8390655 4194304 82 Linux swap / Solaris
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
e extended
Select (default p):
Using default response p
Partition number (2-4, default 2):
First sector (8390656-20971519, default 8390656):
Using default value 8390656
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (8390656-20971519, default 20971519): +1G
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 82
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux swap / Solaris'
Command (m for help): wq
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]# partprobe
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00013f3e
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vda1 * 2048 20970332 10484142+ 83 Linux
Disk /dev/vdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x9d727787
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vdb1 2048 8390655 4194304 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/vdb2 8390656 10487807 1048576 82 Linux swap / Solaris
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s ##显示当前交换区的状态
[root@localhost ~]# mkswap /dev/vdb1 ##将分区/dev/vdb1用作交换区
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 4194300 KiB
no label, UUID=3f5107c8-44c7-4c80-b489-9bbb0fc70ce7
[root@localhost ~]# blkid ##确定UUID
/dev/vda1: UUID="9bf6b9f7-92ad-441b-848e-0257cbb883d1" TYPE="xfs"
/dev/vdb1: UUID="3f5107c8-44c7-4c80-b489-9bbb0fc70ce7" TYPE="swap"
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -a /dev/vdb1 ##激活新交换区
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s ##显示当前交换区的状态
Filename Type Size Used Priority
/dev/vdb1 partition 4194300 0 -1
[root@localhost ~]# mkswap /dev/vdb2 ##格式化/dev/vdb2
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 1048572 KiB
no label, UUID=c6afb493-8857-4940-92c3-ab4b0e23679d
[root@localhost ~]# blkid
/dev/vda1: UUID="9bf6b9f7-92ad-441b-848e-0257cbb883d1" TYPE="xfs"
/dev/vdb1: UUID="3f5107c8-44c7-4c80-b489-9bbb0fc70ce7" TYPE="swap"
/dev/vdb2: UUID="c6afb493-8857-4940-92c3-ab4b0e23679d" TYPE="swap"
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -a /dev/vdb2 ##激活新交换区
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s ##显示当前交换区的状态
Filename Type Size Used Priority
/dev/vdb1 partition 4194300 0 -1
/dev/vdb2 partition 1048572 0 -2
[root@localhost ~]# swapoff /dev/vdb2 ##停用特定交换区
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -a /dev/vdb2 -p 1 ##改变特定交换区的优先级
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s
Filename Type Size Used Priority
/dev/vdb1 partition 4194300 0 -1
/dev/vdb2 partition 1048572 0 1
[root@localhost ~]# swapoff /dev/vdb{1,2} ##停用特定交换区
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s设置开机自动挂载：
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Wed May 7 01:22:57 2014
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=9bf6b9f7-92ad-441b-848e-0257cbb883d1 / xfs defaults 1 1
/dev/vdb1 swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/vdb2 swap swap defaults,pri=2 0 0
不检测 不备份
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -a ##激活新交换区
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s ##显示当前交换区的状态
Filename Type Size Used Priority
/dev/vdb1 partition 4194300 0 -1
/dev/vdb2 partition 1048572 0 2删除swap交换区
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s
Filename Type Size Used Priority
/dev/vdb1 partition 4194300 0 -1
/dev/vdb2 partition 1048572 0 2
[root@localhost ~]# swapoff /dev/vdb{1,2} ##停用特定交换区
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab ##将之前写的清空
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Wed May 7 01:22:57 2014
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=9bf6b9f7-92ad-441b-848e-0257cbb883d1 / xfs defaults 1 1
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): d ##删除
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 1
Partition 1 is deleted
Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 2
Partition 2 is deleted
Command (m for help): 2
2: unknown command
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): d
No partition is defined yet!
Command (m for help): wq
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]# partprobe ##同步分区表
[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/partitions
major minor #blocks name
253 0 10485760 vda
253 1 10484142 vda1
253 16 10485760 vdb