昨天同步设置有一个问题,今天我用mysql版本5.5.25的去做,前面都一样,主要看配置和后面的设置
前期准备:关闭防火墙
关闭SELINUX
关闭SELINUX
vi /etc/selinux/config
#SELINUX=enforcing #注释掉
#SELINUXTYPE=targeted #注释掉
SELINUX=disabled #增加
:wq #保存退出
setenforce 0 #立即生效
-------两台机器都要关闭防火墙和selinux
如果一定要开启防火墙的话,建议只需要加入3306端口就行,具体方法见我的另外一个文章(http://caizi.blog.51cto.com/5234706/1536463);
环境:linux虚拟机两台,系统是centos 6.3 64位
mysql 版本:5.5.25 linux 64位
两台服务器
主:172.19.0.116 Master116 主(master)
从:172.19.0.117 backup117 从(saver)
两台都要安装mysql如下步骤
安装系统所需要的依赖包
[root@ 116 ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 autoconf automake zlib* fiex* libxml* ncurses-devel libmcrypt* libtool-ltdl-devel* cmake bison
创建mysql用户与用户组
[root@ 116~]# groupadd mysql
[root@ 116~]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
安装mysql
[root@ 116~]# tar zxvf mysql-5.5.25.tar.gz
[root@ 116~]# cd mysql-5.5.25
[root@116 mysql-5.5.25]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql/ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/mysql/data -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/opt/mysql/data/mysqld.sock -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/opt/mysql/data/mysql.sock -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DWITH_DEBUG=0
[root@ 116 mysql-5.5.25]# make && make install
赋予相关权限
[root@ 116 mysql-5.5.25]# chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql
[root@116 mysql-5.5.25]# /opt/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/data
mysql配置文件
[root@ 116 mysql-5.5.25]# cp /opt/mysql/support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf ----部分文章my--large.cnf不一样,因为 版本不同
[root@116 mysql-5.5.25]# cp /opt/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
[root@116 mysql-5.5.25]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
增加自动启动
[root@116 mysql-5.5.25]# chkconfig mysql on
启动mysql
[root@116 mysql-5.5.25]# /etc/init.d/mysql start
Starting MySQL...... [ OK ]
查看mysql 的3306端口,看到下面说明启动成功
[root@116 mysql-5.5.25]#ps aux | grep 3306
mysql 17237 3.6 8.4 615660 86264 pts/2 Sl 22:10 0:01 /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/opt/mysql
设置mysql初始密码,123456是密码,你可以设置自己需要的密码
[root@116 mysql-5.5.25]# /opt/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password '123456'
[root@116 mysql-5.5.25]# /opt/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p123456
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.25-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
----红色为系统显示
mysql>
主从复制的配置
主的my.cnf的server-id=1,每个同步服务都必须设定一个唯一的编号。
路径:cat /etc/my.cnf 查看my.cnf 内容
参数详解:
server-id=1
#binlog-do-db=repl //需要同步的数据库,如果没有本行,即表示同步所有的数据库
#binlog-ignore-db=mysql //被忽略的数据库
修改之后一定要重启mysql服务。
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
show variables like 'server_id'; #查看server-id的值是否为1
show variables like 'server_id';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 1 |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 | 107 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
在Master(这里为116机器)上增加一个用于复制的账号:
mysql>GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'172.19.0.%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
mysql>flush privileges; --这个地方注意:有的帖子写的是(mysql>FLUSH REPLICATION;)报错
mysql> show master status; - --- 这里没显示不知道为啥
设置Slave 主机
修改my.cnf的server-id,内容如下:
路径:cat /etc/my.cnf 查看my.cnf 内容
backup117主机
server-id=2
show variables like 'server_id'; #查看server-id的值是否为2
mysql> show variables like 'server_id';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 2 |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 | 107 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
开启Master与Slave的同步
在Slave上执行如下命令
mysql>CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.19.0.116',
->MASTER_USER='repl',
->MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
->MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',
->MASTER_LOG_POS=245;
之后执行 ----这个地方执行是一个块,我卡这里了
mysql>start slave; ###开启服务器线程 ----(不是其他文章里面的slave start;执行slave start;会报错的)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.19.0.116
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 253
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107
Relay_Log_Space: 787
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
看到上面红色字体自后,恭喜你你成功了!
接下来我们要做测试,数据测试!
在主服务器上找到需要同步的数据库,
#binlog-do-db=repl //需要同步的数据库,如果没有本行,即表示同步所有的数据库
#binlog-ignore-db=mysql //被忽略的数据库
如果上面的注释掉 ,就默认为要同步所有的数据库
我们以test数据库为例:
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 107 | test | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
我们同步test数据库。在/etc/my.cnf上做了配置
binlog-do-db=test
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use test; ----切换到test数据库
Database changed
mysql> create table fangwei(id int,name char(10)); ----建表,表明fangwei
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.22 sec)
mysql> insert into fangwei values(1,'xiaoyang'); ------ 下面是插入五条数据
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)
mysql> insert into fangwei values(2,'mobei');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> insert into fangwei values(3,'hujingtao');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> insert into fangwei values(4,'zhoujielun');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> insert into fangwei values(5,'liuyifei');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from fangwei; ----查询fangwei表
+------+------------+
| id | name |
+------+------------+
| 1 | xiaoyang |
| 2 | mobei |
| 3 | hujingtao |
| 4 | zhoujielun |
| 5 | liuyifei |
+------+------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
我们去117上从服务器上查询
mysql> show databases; ----查询所有数据库名
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use test; -----切换数据库
Database changed
mysql> select * from fangwei; ---查询刚才我们在主服务器建的表
+------+------------+
| id | name |
+------+------------+
| 1 | xiaoyang |
| 2 | mobei |
| 3 | hujingtao |
| 4 | zhoujielun |
| 5 | liuyifei |
+------+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
可以看到,在从服务器上也能查到刚才在主服务器上建的表,和表的内容,说明我们的主从同步完成了!
注意事项:
1,关闭防火墙
2,关闭selinux
3,配置/etc/my.cnf时,里面的参数需要注意,每个参数都有不同的 含义
4,修改mysql配置时,一定要重启mysql服务。
/etc/init.d/mysql restart
5,有的博客里面的有错误,需要自己去斧正!如博主笔误等。