Asp.Net操作Excel的几种方法

我们在做excel资料的时候，通常有以下方法。

一.导入导出excel常用方法：

1.用查询表的方式查询并show在数据集控件上。

代码

public static string strCon = " Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 ; Data Source =C:\\08.xls;Extended Properties=Excel 8.0 " ;
public static DataSet ds;
protected void Page_Load( object sender, EventArgs e)
{

OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strCon);
string sql = " select * from [Sheet1$] " ;
conn.Open();
OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = new OleDbDataAdapter(sql, strCon);
ds = new DataSet();
myCommand.Fill(ds, " [Sheet1$] " );
conn.Close();
datagrid1.DataMember = " [Sheet1$] " ;
datagrid1.DataSource = ds;
datagrid1.DataBind();


// Excel.Application excel = new Excel.Application();
// excel.Application.Workbooks.Add(true);
// excel.Visible = true;
}

 

2.一个一个单元格的进行插入

 

代码

1 string str = @" Data Source=IT-428E4EA4B0C7\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=TestBase;Integrated Security=True " ;
2 SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(str);
3 conn.Open();
4 int n = 0 ;
5 for ( int i = 1 ; i < 20 ; i ++ )
6 {
7 if (n > 3 )
8 break ;
9 else
10 if (msheet.Cells.get_Range( " A " + i, Type.Missing).Text.ToString() == "" && n <= 3 )
11 { n ++ ; }
12 else
13 {
14   // 循环获取excel单元格的值一次一次的插入，excuteSql为执行的存储过程
15   excuteSql(msheet.Cells.get_Range( "B" + i, Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),
16 msheet.Cells.get_Range("B" + (i + 1), Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),
17 msheet.Cells.get_Range("B" + (i + 2), Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),
18 conn);
19 i = i + 3 ;
20
21 }
22 }
23
24 conn.Close();

二快速导入导出

1.我们都知道当向db里批量插入数据的时候我们会选择SqlBulkCopy

if (dataTable!=null && dataTable.Rows.Count!=0)
            {
                sqlBulkCopy.WriteToServer(dataTable);
            } 

这个可以看 深山老林新发的一篇SQLServer中批量插入数据方式的性能对比下面是SqlBulkCopy的方法，这个方法有一个弊端就是当excel某一列即有文字，还有日期的时候，会出现null值，我在网上查了一些资料说连接字串加上;HDR=YES;IMEX=1'的时候会都当做字符处理，但是还是会出现一些bug，所以建议最好先把excel数据分析到datatable里然后再用SqlBulkCopy倒入数据库

  

 

代码

1 // block copy to DB from Excel
2 // By xijun,
3 // step 1 create an excel file C:\Inetpub\wwwroot\test.xls , fill cell(1,1) with "Data",cell(1,2) with "name"
4 // step 2 create table named "Data" with 2 column ("data","name") in your DB
5 // there the code below:
6 DateTime t1 = DateTime.Now;
7 Response.Write( "
start time: " + t1.ToString());
8 string ExcelFile = @" C:\\20090916_Hub_Report.xls " ;
9 string excelConnectionString = @" Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source= " + ExcelFile + " ;Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1' " ;
10
11 using (OleDbConnection excelConnection = new OleDbConnection(excelConnectionString))
12 {
13
14 excelConnection.Open();
15 // Getting source data
16 // 非空讀入數據
17 OleDbCommand command = new OleDbCommand( " Select [Region],[CustomerPN],[RMA],[Date],[QTY],[Return/Pull] FROM [20090916_Hub_Report$] " , excelConnection);
18 // Initialize SqlBulkCopy object
19
20 using (OleDbDataReader dr = command.ExecuteReader())
21 {
22 // Copy data to destination
23 string sqlConnectionString = @" Data Source=MININT-G87PHNA\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=GDS_Service;Integrated Security=True " ;
24 using (SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy = new SqlBulkCopy(sqlConnectionString))
25 {
26 bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = " GDS_Hub_data " ;
27 // 加入只加入一個列的話,那么就會其他數據庫列都默認為空。
28 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add( " Region " , " region " );
29 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add( " CustomerPN " , " customer_item_number " );
30 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add( " RMA " , " Rma " );
31 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add( " Date " , " date " );
32 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add( " QTY " , " Qty_1 " );
33 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add( " Return/Pull " , " return_pull " );
34 // bcp.BatchSize = 100; // 每次传输的行数
35 // bcp.NotifyAfter = 100; // 进度提示的行数
36 bulkCopy.BatchSize = 100 ;
37 bulkCopy.NotifyAfter = 100 ;
38 bulkCopy.WriteToServer((IDataReader)dr);
39
40
41 }
42 }
43 // Closing connection
44 excelConnection.Close();
45 }
46
47 DateTime t2 = DateTime.Now;
48 Response.Write( "
End time: " + t2.ToString());
49 Response.Write( "
use time: " + ((TimeSpan)(t2 - t1)).Milliseconds.ToString() + " Milliseconds " );
50 Response.Write( "
inser record count :3307 " );

 2.快速导出db的数据到excel

这种方法就是利用

 Excel.QueryTables 
 Excel.QueryTable

Querytable把数据快速导入excel里。我们在做复杂报表的时候，这个用的是比较多了，但是单单会这个没有用，它只是快速的把db里的数据放放到excel里，

在做大量数据而且需要设定excel样式的时候我们会选择先用这种方法把数据导入excel一个临时sheet，再利sheet复制，sheet移动，和一些excel样式设定，以及

excel一个强大的自动填充的功能，那么这些就可以让我们快速的做出花样多试的excel报表，当然这个要求我们比较熟练office的操作，包括宏的操作。

代码

1 public string query_table_getdata(string sourpath)
2 {
3 string str_path = sourpath.Substring(0, sourpath.Length - 22);
4 str_path = str_path + "basic.xls";
5
6 Excel.QueryTables m_objQryTables = null;
7 Excel.QueryTable m_objQryTable = null;
8 Excel.Application m_objExcel = null;
9 Excel.Workbooks m_objBooks = null;
10 Excel.Workbook m_objBook = null;
11 Excel.Sheets m_objSheets = null;
12 Excel.Worksheet m_objSheet = null;
13 Excel.Range m_objRange = null;
14 m_objExcel = new Excel.Application();
15
16 //try
17 //{
18 m_objBooks = m_objExcel.Workbooks;
19 m_objBooks.Open(sourpath, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing,
20 Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
21
22 m_objBook = (Excel.Workbook)m_objBooks.get_Item(1);
23
24
25 m_objSheets = (Excel.Sheets)m_objBook.Worksheets;
26 m_objSheet = (Excel.Worksheet)m_objSheets.get_Item(1);
27 m_objRange = m_objSheet.get_Range("A2", Type.Missing);
28 m_objQryTables = m_objSheet.QueryTables;
29 string sqlstr = "SELECT [day01],[day02],[day03],[day04],[day05],[day06],[day07],[day08],[day09],[day10],[day11],[day12],[day13],[day14]";
30 sqlstr += ",[week01] ,[week02],[week03],[week04],[week05],[week06],[week07],[week08],[week09],[week10],[week11],[week12],[week13],[week14]";
31 sqlstr += ",[week15],[week16],[week17],[week18],[week19],[week20],[week21],[week22],[week23],[week24]";
32 sqlstr += " FROM [GDS_Service].[dbo].[GDS_Service_Report_Base] order by groupID ,id";
33 //可以放在配置文件里
34 string conn = @"Provider=SQLOLEDB.1;Data Source=MININT-G87PHNA\SQLEXPRESS;uid=xijun_ke;Password=12345678;

Initial Catalog=GDS_Service;Persist Security Info=False;";
35
36 m_objQryTable = (Excel.QueryTable)m_objQryTables.Add("OLEDB;" + conn, m_objRange, sqlstr);
37
38 m_objQryTable.RefreshStyle = Excel.XlCellInsertionMode.xlInsertEntireRows;
39
40 m_objQryTable.Refresh(false);
41 m_objBook.SaveAs(str_path, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlExclusive, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
42 m_objBook.Close(false, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
43 //}
44 //catch (Exception ee)
45 //{
46 // mp.WriteLog(ee.ToString());
47 //}
48 //finally
49 //{
50 m_objExcel.Quit();
51 GC.Collect();
52 //}
53 return str_path;
54
55 }

C# 添加Excel 批注、如何在Excel的单元格里面增加批注

Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range oCell = range[rowIndex, columnIndex] as Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range;

           //如何在Excel的单元格里面增加批注

           if (oCell.Comment != null)
           {
               oCell.Comment.Delete();
           }
           oCell.AddComment(comment);

com操作excel的一些特性操作：

 

range.NumberFormatLocal  =   " @ " ;      // 设置单元格格式为文本
range  =  (Range)worksheet.get_Range( " A1 " ,  " E1 " );      // 获取Excel多个单元格区域：本例做为Excel表头
range.Merge( 0 );      // 单元格合并动作
worksheet.Cells[ 1 ,  1 ]  =   " Excel单元格赋值 " ;      // Excel单元格赋值
range.Font.Size  =   15 ;      // 设置字体大小
range.Font.Underline = true ;      // 设置字体是否有下划线
range.Font.Name = " 黑体 " ;     设置字体的种类
range.HorizontalAlignment = XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;      // 设置字体在单元格内的对其方式
range.ColumnWidth = 15 ;      // 设置单元格的宽度
range.Cells.Interior.Color = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb( 255 , 204 , 153 ).ToArgb();      // 设置单元格的背景色
range.Borders.LineStyle = 1 ;      // 设置单元格边框的粗细
range.BorderAround(XlLineStyle.xlContinuous,XlBorderWeight.xlThick,XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic,System.Drawing.Color.Black.ToArgb());      // 给单元格加边框
range.EntireColumn.AutoFit();      // 自动调整列宽
Range.HorizontalAlignment =  xlCenter;      //  文本水平居中方式
Range.VerticalAlignment =  xlCenter      // 文本垂直居中方式
Range.WrapText = true ;      // 文本自动换行
Range.Interior.ColorIndex = 39 ;      // 填充颜色为淡紫色
Range.Font.Color = clBlue;      // 字体颜色
xlsApp.DisplayAlerts = false ;      // 保存Excel的时候，不弹出是否保存的窗口直接进行保存
   workbook.SaveCopyAs(temp); /**/ /// 填入完信息之后另存到路径及文件名字

excel宏操作，sheet和单元格操作：

 

代码

1 ///

2 /// 讀取excel數據和插入公式
3 ///

4 ///
5 ///
6 protected void Button2_Click( object sender, EventArgs e)
7 {
8 DateTime t1 = DateTime.Now;
9 Response.Write( "
start time: " + t1.ToString());
10 Excel.Application excelkk = new Excel.Application();
11
12 excelkk.Workbooks.Add( true );
13 int row = 2 ;
14 DataTable myTable = ds.Tables[ " [Sheet1$] " ];
15 for ( int i = 0 ; i < myTable.Columns.Count; i ++ )
16 {
17 excelkk.Cells[ 1 , 1 + i] = myTable.Columns[i].ColumnName.ToString();
18 }
19 for ( int i = 0 ; i < myTable.Rows.Count; i ++ )
20 {
21 for ( int j = 0 ; j < myTable.Columns.Count; j ++ )
22 {
23 excelkk.Cells[row, j + 1 ] = myTable.Rows[i][j].ToString();
24 }
25
26 row ++ ;
27 }
28
29
30 // 取得特定單元格的值
31 excelkk.Visible = true ;
32 this .TextBoxChange.Text = excelkk.get_Range( " A2 " , Type.Missing).Text.ToString();
33 // 表的單元格合并
34 Excel.Range range1 = excelkk.get_Range( " A2 " , " D4 " );
35 range1.Merge(Type.Missing);
36
37
38
39
40 // 想表格中插入求和的值
41 Excel.Range range2 = excelkk.get_Range( " B25 " , Type.Missing);
42 range2.Formula = " =SUM(B2:B24) " ;
43 range2.Calculate();
44
45 // 進行宏的循環應用與單元格的刪除和添加，多個單元格默認宏自動操作。
46 Excel.Range range3 = excelkk.get_Range( " B25 " , " E25 " );
47 range2.AutoFill(range3,Excel.XlAutoFillType.xlFillDefault);
48 // 刪除表的指定行數操作
49 Excel.Range range7 = null ;
50 range7 = excelkk.get_Range(excelkk.Cells[ 2 , 2 ], excelkk.Cells[ 4 , 4 ]);
51 range7.Select();
52 range7.EntireRow.Delete(Excel.XlDirection.xlUp);
53
54 // 獲取最大用過的行數
55 Excel.Worksheet wsheet1 = (Excel.Worksheet)excelkk.Worksheets.get_Item( 1 );
56 int n = wsheet1.UsedRange.Cells.Columns.Count;
57 Response.Write(n.ToString() + "
" );
58 // MessageBox.Show(n.ToString());
59 n = wsheet1.UsedRange.Cells.Rows.Count;
60 Response.Write(n.ToString() + "
" );
61 // MessageBox.Show(n.ToString());
62 // 數據的複製
63 Excel.Range range4 = excelkk.get_Range( " A2 " , " B25 " );
64 Excel.Range range5 = excelkk.get_Range( " E3 " , " F25 " );
65 // range4.get_Offset(1,4).Select();
66 range4.Copy(range5);
67 // 停用警告信息
68 excelkk.DisplayAlerts = false ;
69 GC.Collect();
70
71 }
72
73
74 單個sheet里求和：
75 Excel.Range range2 = excelkk.get_Range( " B25 " , Type.Missing);
76 range2.Formula = " =SUM(B2:B24) " ;
77 range2.Calculate();
78
79 跨sheet求和：
80 Excel.Worksheet wsheet1 = (Excel.Worksheet)excelSql.Worksheets.get_Item( 1 );
81 Excel.Range range3 = wsheet1.get_Range( " A23 " , Type.Missing);
82 range3.Formula = " =Sheet3!B8+Sheet3!B12 " ;
83 range3.Calculate();
84

         虽然我们拥有强大的NPOI，不过我还是写出来，希望对大家理解office有一定的用处。

有错误的地方欢迎大家拍砖,希望交流和共享。

转自：http://www.cnblogs.com/MR_ke/archive/2010/03/02/1676210.html

如何调用模板

http://www.cnweblog.com/sunGIS/archive/2006/07/03/131637.html
http://www.codesky.net/article/doc/200803/2008030327478418.htm

1。网上的一种说法，关闭range,关闭worksheet,关闭workbook，最后关闭excel
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(Range); 
2System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(myBook); 
3System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(myExcel);

Range ＝ null；
myBook = null; 
myExcel = null;

我试过，没有成功

2。关闭进程
C#和Asp.net下excel进程一被打开,有时就无法关闭,   尤其是website.对关闭该进程有过GC、release等方法，但这些方法并不是在所有情况下均适用。  于是提出了kill   process的方法,   目前我见过的方法多是用进程创建时间筛选excel.exe进程,   然后kill 。     这样的方法是不精确的,   也是不安全的,   通过对网上一些关于Api运用文章的阅读,   我找到了更为直接精确找到这个process并kill的方法，以下就是代码         
using   System.Runtime.InteropServices;   
      
  [DllImport("User32.dll",   CharSet   =   CharSet.Auto)]   
  public   static   extern   int   GetWindowThreadProcessId(IntPtr   hwnd,   out   int   ID);   
  protected   void   Button1_Click(object   sender,   EventArgs   e)   
  {   
      Excel.ApplicationClass   excel   =   new   Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.ApplicationClass();   
      excel.Workbooks.Open("d:\aaa.xls",   Type.Missing,   Type.Missing,   Type.Missing,   Type.Missing,   Type.Missing,   Type.Missing,   Type.Missing,   Type.Missing,   Type.Missing,   Type.Missing,   Type.Missing,   Type.Missing,   Type.Missing,   Type.Missing);   
      IntPtr   t   =   new   IntPtr(excel.Hwnd);   
      int   k   =   0;   
      GetWindowThreadProcessId(t,   out   k);   
      System.Diagnostics.Process   p   =   System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessById(k);   
      p.Kill();                   
   }

以上代码百分百成功的关闭excel.exe进程
我的做法是结合两者，先释放资源，然后关闭进程。
同时网上说避免使用GC.Collect 方法 (),因为会导致整个clr进行gc，影响你的性能.所以我也没有调用GC.Collect