在springmvc中,控制器(controller)是一个很重要的概念。在实际项目中,我们一般在控制器里完成具体的业务逻辑。控制器是非常重要,因此讨论控制器的产生和构建就变得很有意义(PS:我们在这里主要讨论基于注解的配置方式)。
在讨论控制器的相关问题之前,需要考虑的第一个问题是:ApplicationContext的类型是如何确定的?ApplicationContext是spring的IOC机制实现的一个核心,spring的很多功能都是通过ApplicationContext对外输出的。而springmvc的ApplicationContext则是“写死”在FrameworkServlet这个类的field中。
FrameworkServlet.java
public abstract class FrameworkServlet extends HttpServletBean {
/**
* Suffix for WebApplicationContext namespaces. If a servlet of this class is
* given the name "test" in a context, the namespace used by the servlet will
* resolve to "test-servlet".
*/
public static final String DEFAULT_NAMESPACE_SUFFIX = "-servlet";
/**
* Default context class for FrameworkServlet.
* @see org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext
*/
public static final Class> DEFAULT_CONTEXT_CLASS = XmlWebApplicationContext.class;
//some other code
而在XmlWebApplicationContext中,spring“手动”创建了一个ApplicationContextAwareProcessor,并将它注册到beanfactory的beanPostProcessor列表中,具体代码如下:
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));
public void addBeanPostProcessor(BeanPostProcessor beanPostProcessor) {
Assert.notNull(beanPostProcessor, "BeanPostProcessor must not be null");
this.beanPostProcessors.remove(beanPostProcessor);
this.beanPostProcessors.add(beanPostProcessor);
if (beanPostProcessor instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
this.hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors = true;
}
if (beanPostProcessor instanceof DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
this.hasDestructionAwareBeanPostProcessors = true;
}
}
至此,产生和构建控制器的前置步骤就完成了。
控制器的产生:打开@Controller这一注解的源代码,你会发现该注解会被@Component这一注解所修饰。因此,所有被@Controller所修饰的类都会默认被@Component所修饰。同时这也意味着搭配
控制器的构建:springmvc将构建控制器的这一工作交给了BeanPostProcessor进行处理。在
if (bean instanceof ApplicationContextAware) {
((ApplicationContextAware) bean).setApplicationContext(this.applicationContext);
}
RequestMappingHandlerMapping会使用Applicationcontext的getBeanNamesForType函数去查找所有基类是Object的JavaBean。显而易见,所有的JavaBean都会通过该方法被扫描出来。然后对其中那些被@Controller所修饰的类进行进一步探测和处理。具体代码如下:
RequestMappingHandlerMapping扫描JavaBean并处理的方法:
protected void initHandlerMethods() {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Looking for request mappings in application context: " + getApplicationContext());
}
String[] beanNames = (this.detectHandlerMethodsInAncestorContexts ?
BeanFactoryUtils.beanNamesForTypeIncludingAncestors(getApplicationContext(), Object.class) :
getApplicationContext().getBeanNamesForType(Object.class));
for (String beanName : beanNames) {
if (isHandler(getApplicationContext().getType(beanName))){
detectHandlerMethods(beanName);
}
}
handlerMethodsInitialized(getHandlerMethods());
}
isHandler方法(ps:判断是否为控制器):
protected boolean isHandler(Class> beanType) {
return AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(beanType, Controller.class) != null;
}
RequestMappingHandlerMapping中一个很重要的函数是detectHandlerMethods。该函数具体代码如下:
protected void detectHandlerMethods(final Object handler) {
Class> handlerType = (handler instanceof String) ?
getApplicationContext().getType((String) handler) : handler.getClass();
final Class> userType = ClassUtils.getUserClass(handlerType);
Set methods = HandlerMethodSelector.selectMethods(userType, new MethodFilter() {
public boolean matches(Method method) {
return getMappingForMethod(method, userType) != null;
}
});
for (Method method : methods) {
T mapping = getMappingForMethod(method, userType);
registerHandlerMethod(handler, method, mapping);
}
}
可以看到,该函数主要工作是查找handler中的所有method,并根据method生成对应的mapping,并将mapping,method和handler进行注册。而其中最重要的函数则是getMappingForMethod。该函数的主要逻辑是根据method产生一个RequestMappingInfo,然后根据handlerType产生另一个RequestMappingInfo。最后将这两个RequestMappingInfo进行合并。该函数代码如下:
protected RequestMappingInfo getMappingForMethod(Method method, Class> handlerType) {
RequestMappingInfo info = null;
RequestMapping methodAnnotation = AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(method, RequestMapping.class);
if (methodAnnotation != null) {
RequestCondition> methodCondition = getCustomMethodCondition(method);
info = createRequestMappingInfo(methodAnnotation, methodCondition);
RequestMapping typeAnnotation = AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(handlerType, RequestMapping.class);
if (typeAnnotation != null) {
RequestCondition> typeCondition = getCustomTypeCondition(handlerType);
info = createRequestMappingInfo(typeAnnotation, typeCondition).combine(info);
}
}
return info;
}
RequestMappingHandlerMapping通过registerHandlerMethod函数对mapping,handler和method进行注册,RequestMappingHandlerMapping会生成一个LinkedHashMap,并以mapping为key,以handler和method为value。 同时在注册时会检测mapping的是否重复。至此,controller的构建所示完成了。
public int hashCode() {
int result = hash;
if (result == 0) {
result = patternsCondition.hashCode();
result = 31 * result + methodsCondition.hashCode();
result = 31 * result + paramsCondition.hashCode();
result = 31 * result + headersCondition.hashCode();
result = 31 * result + consumesCondition.hashCode();
result = 31 * result + producesCondition.hashCode();
result = 31 * result + customConditionHolder.hashCode();
hash = result;
}
return result;
}
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj) {
return true;
}
if (obj != null && obj instanceof RequestMappingInfo) {
RequestMappingInfo other = (RequestMappingInfo) obj;
return (this.patternsCondition.equals(other.patternsCondition) &&
this.methodsCondition.equals(other.methodsCondition) &&
this.paramsCondition.equals(other.paramsCondition) &&
this.headersCondition.equals(other.headersCondition) &&
this.consumesCondition.equals(other.consumesCondition) &&
this.producesCondition.equals(other.producesCondition) &&
this.customConditionHolder.equals(other.customConditionHolder));
}
return false;
}