openstack的安装
云计算概念
Openstack是一套IaaS解决方案，是一个开源的云计算管理平台
Openstack主要组件
Openstack结构图
Openstack的安装
准备3台虚拟机
| 主机名 | 配置 |
|---|---|
| ops | eth0：192.168.8.10(vbr网桥) eth1：192.168.4.11 内存：6G |
| nova01 | eth0：192.168.8.11(vbr网桥) eth1：192.168.4.11 内存：6G |
| nova02 | eth0：192.168.8.12(vbr网桥) eth1：192.168.4.12 内存：6G |
1、配置/etc/hosts（3台虚拟机）,彼此能相互ping通
[root@ops ~]# vim /etc/hosts
末尾添加
192.168.8.10 ops
192.168.8.11 nova01
192.168.8.12 nova02
2、配置yum源（配置真机192.168.8.254作为3台虚拟机的网络yum）
[root@room9pc01 ~]# cd /var/ftp
[root@room9pc01 ftp]# mount -l |column -t //查看当前目录挂载情况
...
/RHEL7-extras.iso on /var/ftp/extras type iso9660 (ro,relatime) [RHEL7EXTRAS]
/CentOS7-1708.iso on /var/ftp/system type iso9660 (ro,relatime) [CentOS 7 x86_64]
/RHEL7OSP-10.iso on /var/ftp/HEL7OSP type iso9660 (ro,relatime) [RHEL7OSP-10.0]
...
[root@room9pc01 ~]# ls /var/ftp/RHEL7OSP-10/ //查看yum源仓库目录
rhel-7-server-rhceph-2-osd-rpms
rhel-7-server-openstack-10-devtools-rpms
rhel-7-server-rhceph-2-tools-rpms
rhel-7-server-openstack-10-optools-rpms
rhel-7-server-rhscon-2-agent-rpms
rhel-7-server-openstack-10-rpms
rhel-7-server-rhscon-2-installer-rpms
rhel-7-server-openstack-10-tools-rpms
rhel-7-server-rhscon-2-main-rpms
rhel-7-server-rhceph-2-mon-rpms
[root@room9pc01 ~]# vim mkyum.sh //创建生成yum仓库的脚本文件
#!/bin/bash
cd /var/ftp/HEL7OSP
for folder in *
do
if [ -d $folder ];then
cat <>/tmp/ops.repo
[$folder]
name=$folder
baseurl=ftp://192.168.8.254/HEL7OSP/$folder
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
EOF
fi
done
[root@room9pc01 ~]# chmod +x mkyum.sh
[root@room9pc01 ~]# ./mkyum.sh
[root@room9pc01 ~]# vim /tmp/ops.repo //编辑生成的yum源，在末尾添加系统（system）yum源和扩展（extras）yum源
[rhel-7-server-openstack-10-devtools-rpms]
name=rhel-7-server-openstack-10-devtools-rpms
baseurl=ftp://192.168.8.254/HEL7OSP/rhel-7-server-openstack-10-devtools-rpms
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[rhel-7-server-openstack-10-optools-rpms]
name=rhel-7-server-openstack-10-optools-rpms
baseurl=ftp://192.168.8.254/HEL7OSP/rhel-7-server-openstack-10-optools-rpms
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[rhel-7-server-openstack-10-rpms]
name=rhel-7-server-openstack-10-rpms
baseurl=ftp://192.168.8.254/HEL7OSP/rhel-7-server-openstack-10-rpms
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[rhel-7-server-openstack-10-tools-rpms]
name=rhel-7-server-openstack-10-tools-rpms
baseurl=ftp://192.168.8.254/HEL7OSP/rhel-7-server-openstack-10-tools-rpms
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[rhel-7-server-rhceph-2-mon-rpms]
name=rhel-7-server-rhceph-2-mon-rpms
baseurl=ftp://192.168.8.254/HEL7OSP/rhel-7-server-rhceph-2-mon-rpms
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[rhel-7-server-rhceph-2-osd-rpms]
name=rhel-7-server-rhceph-2-osd-rpms
baseurl=ftp://192.168.8.254/HEL7OSP/rhel-7-server-rhceph-2-osd-rpms
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[rhel-7-server-rhceph-2-tools-rpms]
name=rhel-7-server-rhceph-2-tools-rpms
baseurl=ftp://192.168.8.254/HEL7OSP/rhel-7-server-rhceph-2-tools-rpms
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[rhel-7-server-rhscon-2-agent-rpms]
name=rhel-7-server-rhscon-2-agent-rpms
baseurl=ftp://192.168.8.254/HEL7OSP/rhel-7-server-rhscon-2-agent-rpms
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[rhel-7-server-rhscon-2-installer-rpms]
name=rhel-7-server-rhscon-2-installer-rpms
baseurl=ftp://192.168.8.254/HEL7OSP/rhel-7-server-rhscon-2-installer-rpms
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[rhel-7-server-rhscon-2-main-rpms]
name=rhel-7-server-rhscon-2-main-rpms
baseurl=ftp://192.168.8.254/HEL7OSP/rhel-7-server-rhscon-2-main-rpms
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[system]
name=system
baseurl=ftp://192.168.8.254/system
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[extras]
name=extras
baseurl=ftp://192.168.8.254/extras
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[root@room9pc01 ~]# for i in 10 11 12; \
do scp /tmp/ops.repo 192.168.8.$i:/etc/yum.repos.d/; \
done //将yum文件拷贝至3台虚拟机
3、配置DNS和NTP服务器（NTP服务器不能与openstack共用主机）
（1）3台虚拟机配置DNS解析
[root@ops ~]# vim /etc/resolv.conf //配置DNS解析（以ops主机为例）
; generated by /usr/sbin/dhclient-script
nameserver 192.168.8.254
（2）将真机（192.168.8.254）作为NTP服务器
[root@room9pc01 ~]# vim /etc/chrony.conf
server ntp1.aliyun.com iburst
[root@room9pc01 ~]# systemctl restart chronyd
[root@room9pc01 ~]# chronyc sources -v //查看时间同步情况（最后一行为*表示时间同步配置成功）
210 Number of sources = 1
.-- Source mode '^' = server, '=' = peer, '#' = local clock.
/ .- Source state '*' = current synced, '+' = combined , '-' = not combined,
| / '?' = unreachable, 'x' = time may be in error, '~' = time too variable.
|| .- xxxx [ yyyy ] +/- zzzz
|| Reachability register (octal) -. | xxxx = adjusted offset,
|| Log2(Polling interval) --. | | yyyy = measured offset,
|| \ | | zzzz = estimated error.
|| | | \
MS Name/IP address Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample
===============================================================================
^* 120.25.115.20 2 6 377 54 +489us[+2225us] +/- 4184us
（3）3台虚拟机配置NTP时间同步
[root@ops ~]# vim /etc/chrony.conf
server 192.168.8.254 iburst
[root@ops ~]# systemctl restart chronyd
[root@ops ~]# chronyc sources -v
210 Number of sources = 1
.-- Source mode '^' = server, '=' = peer, '#' = local clock.
/ .- Source state '*' = current synced, '+' = combined , '-' = not combined,
| / '?' = unreachable, 'x' = time may be in error, '~' = time too variable.
|| .- xxxx [ yyyy ] +/- zzzz
|| Reachability register (octal) -. | xxxx = adjusted offset,
|| Log2(Polling interval) --. | | yyyy = measured offset,
|| \ | | zzzz = estimated error.
|| | | \
MS Name/IP address Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample
===============================================================================
^* gateway 3 6 377 53 -315us[ -435us] +/- 3813us
4、安装依赖包
[root@ops ~]# yum -y install qemu-kvm \ //以ops主机为例
libvirt-daemon libvirt-client \
libvirt-daemon-driver-qemu python-setuptools
[root@ops ~]# yum -y install openstack-packstack //只在ops主机上操作
5、创建应答文件（ops主机）
[root@ops ~]# packstack --gen-answer-file=answer.ini
Packstack changed given value to required value /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
[root@ops ~]# ls
answer.ini
[root@ops ~]# wc -l answer.ini
1317 answer.ini
[root@ops ~]# vim answer.ini
42 CONFIG_SWIFT_INSTALL=n```
75 CONFIG_NTP_SERVERS=192.168.8.254
95 CONFIG_CONTROLLER_HOST=192.168.8.10
98 CONFIG_COMPUTE_HOSTS=192.168.8.11,192.168.8.12 //nova计算服务节点
102 CONFIG_NETWORK_HOSTS=192.168.8.10,192.168.8.11,192.168.8.12 //openstack网络服务节点
139 CONFIG_STORAGE_HOST=192.168.8.11,192.168.8.12 //指定存储服务器
333 CONFIG_KEYSTONE_ADMIN_PW=a //设置默认管理员密码
840 CONFIG_NEUTRON_ML2_TYPE_DRIVERS=flat,vxlan //虚拟机之间通信的运营商网络（xvlan：多vlan技术）
876 CONFIG_NEUTRON_ML2_VXLAN_GROUP=239.1.1.5 //主播地址
910 CONFIG_NEUTRON_OVS_BRIDGE_MAPPINGS=physnet1:br-ex //定义虚拟交换机名称
921 CONFIG_NEUTRON_OVS_BRIDGE_IFACES=br-ex:eth0 //设置转发虚拟交换机数据包的物理网卡
936 CONFIG_NEUTRON_OVS_TUNNEL_IF=eth1 //设置内网通讯网卡
1179 CONFIG_PROVISION_DEMO=n
6、安装openstack
[root@ops ~]# packstack --answer-file=answer.ini //使用应答文件安装openstack（安装时间较长，一般30分钟左右）
...
**** Installation completed successfully ****** //出现该提示表示安装成功
...
7、验证ovs配置
[root@ops ~]# ovs-vsctl show
Bridge br-ex
Controller "tcp:127.0.0.1:6633"
is_connected: true
fail_mode: secure
Port br-ex
Interface br-ex
type: internal
Port "eth0"
Interface "eth0"
...
8、登录openstack
Horizon概述
功能和特点
登录openstack管理页面
