编译安装mysql参数：./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-charset=utf8 --with-extra-charsets=all  

[root@pyfhblut bin]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql

Installing MySQL system tables...
/usr/local/mysql/libexec/mysqld: Character set 'utf8mb4' is not a compiled character set and is not specified in the '/usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml' file
120716 23:01:44 [ERROR] Aborting
 
120716 23:01:44 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/libexec/mysqld: Shutdown complete
 
 
Installation of system tables failed!  Examine the logs in
/usr/local/mysql/var for more information.
 
You can try to start the mysqld daemon with:
 
    shell> /usr/local/mysql/libexec/mysqld --skip-grant &
 
and use the command line tool /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
to connect to the mysql database and look at the grant tables:
 
    shell> /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root mysql
    mysql> show tables
 
Try 'mysqld --help' if you have problems with paths.  Using --log
gives you a log in /usr/local/mysql/var that may be helpful.
 
Please consult the MySQL manual section
'Problems running mysql_install_db', and the manual section that
describes problems on your OS.  Another information source are the
MySQL email archives available at http://lists.mysql.com/.
 
Please check all of the above before mailing us!  And remember, if
you do mail us, you MUST use the /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlbug script!
 
mysql初始化的时候报错！
解决方法：修改mysql的配置文件my.cnf
character-set-server = utf8mb4   ----> character-set-server = utf8