[Simulink] System Target File学习笔记

Code Generation

System target file

Target Language Compiler 是代码生成工具， Simulink Coder/Embedded Coder 会使用这个工具，去执行 .tlc 文件。 tlc 文件里描述了如何将 .rtw 变成代码。

代码生成用到的 .tlc 文件是一系列，而不是单单是一个或者一类。

%% SYSTLC: STM32F4 Target TMF: ert_default_tmf MAKE: make_rtw EXTMODE: ext_comm
%selectfile NULL_FILE
%assign CodeFormat = "Embedded-C"
%assign TargetType = "RT"
%assign Language   = "C"
%include "codegenentry.tlc"

/%
  BEGIN_RTW_OPTIONS
  %----------------------------------------%
  % Configure RTW code generation settings %
  %----------------------------------------%
  rtwgensettings.BuildDirSuffix = '_stm32f4';
  rtwgensettings.DerivedFrom = 'ert.tlc';
  rtwgensettings.Version = '1';
  END_RTW_OPTIONS
%/

第1行的注释%% SYSTLC: STM32F4 Target TMF: ert_default_tmf MAKE: make_rtw EXTMODE: ext_comm对属性进行了描述，告诉Simulink环境，该系统目标文件支持哪些功能，这里支持

• 支持生成mk文件的tmf模板
• 支持mk的命令
• 支持外部命令
  %selectfile NULL_FILE，要做一个函数级的或非脚本类型的，写这句。
  %assign CodeFormat = "Embedded-C"，定义变量，说明支持生成代码的类型为嵌入式C代码
  %assign TargetType = "RT"，生成代码的目标类型为实时硬件
  %assign Language = "C"，生成C语言代码

---

另外还有其他的命令，如下：
%assign AutoBuildProcedure = !GenerateSampleERTMain，不生成模板的ert文件

这条命令的作用等同于下图中黄色部分

---

%include "commontargetlib.tlc"，将commontargetlib.tlc展开执行
%include "codegenentry.tlc"，将codegenentry.tlc展开执行

tlc文件的后半部分为宏定义，以/% BEGIN_RTW_OPTIONS开头，以/% END_RTW_OPTIONS结束，定义了用户选择该tlc文件后，Code Generation的设置以及该栏下方的Tab栏显示内容。

宏定义

上面的实例中没有对Tab栏显示内容做修改，下面的例子（ST公司提供的STM32-MAT-TARGET支持包）给出了添加Tab栏显示内容的实例：

%% SYSTLC: stm32 (Embedded Target) TMF: stm32.tmf MAKE: make_rtw \
%%    EXTMODE: ext_comm

%selectfile NULL_FILE

%%
%% System Target File for stm32
%%
%% $ stm32.tlc 2009-05-14 dlange $
%%

%assign CodeFormat = "Embedded-C"
%assign TargetType = "RT"
%assign Language   = "C"

%include "codegenentry.tlc"

/%
  BEGIN_RTW_OPTIONS

  oIdx = 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt        = 'STM32 Options';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type          = 'Category';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable        = 'on';  
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default       = 8;
  rtwoptions(oIdx).popupstrings  = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip       = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable  = '';

  
   oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Download Application';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Checkbox';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = 'on';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'DownloadApplication';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = 'DOWNLOADAPPLICATION';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Select to open STM32 generated project.'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = '';

  oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'STM32CubeMx Path update';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Checkbox';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = 'off';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'STM32CubeMxPathUpdate';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = 'STM32CUBEMXPATHUPDATE';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Get STM32CubeMx path from registry. Uncheck to modify path manually.'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback       = 'stm32cubemxpath_callback(hDlg, hSrc, ''STM32CubeMxPathUpdate'')';
   
  oIdx = oIdx + 1;
   
  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'STM32CubeMx installation path';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Edit';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'STM32CubeMxPath';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = 'STM32CUBEMXPATH';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = 'on';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['installation path for STM32CubeMx'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = 'stm32cubemxpath_callback(hDlg, hSrc, ''STM32CubeMxPath'')';
 
  oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Installed Path';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'NonUI';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'Target_Inst_path';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = 'TARGET_INST_PATH';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = 'off';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = ''; 
  
  oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Installed Full Path';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Edit';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'Target_Inst_Fullpath';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = 'TARGET_INST_FULLPATH';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = 'off';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Path to package added with pathtool command.'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = ''; 
 
  oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Update installed path';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Pushbutton';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'UpdateInstalledPath';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = 'UPDATEINSTALLEDPATH';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Click to automatically update package installation path.'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback       = 'stm32updatepath_callback(hDlg, hSrc)';
 
   oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Model configuration (ioc) Full Path';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Edit';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'Ioc_Fullpath';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = 'IOC_FULLPATH';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Path to ioc configuration file.'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = ''; 
 
   oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Interrupt Handler Optimization';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Checkbox';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = 'on';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'IT_Handler_Optim';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = 'IT_HANDLER_OPTIM';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['HAL IRQ Handler not generated from STM32CubeMX. Code is not generated in HAL callback function but directly in IRQ Handler. '];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = '';

  oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt        = 'STM32 Project Files';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type          = 'Category';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable        = 'on';  
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default       = 5;
  rtwoptions(oIdx).popupstrings  = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip       = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable  = '';
  
  oIdx = oIdx + 1;
  
  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Append to list';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Checkbox';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = 'on';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).popupstrings   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'STM32AppendToList';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Files and paths selected will be appended to the list'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback       = '';
  
  oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Select source files (.c)';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Pushbutton';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).popupstrings   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'UpdateCFilelist';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Click to open multiselect window'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback       = 'stm32updateCfileList_callback(hDlg, hSrc, ''STM32AppendToList'')';
 
  oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'C files included to project';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Edit';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'CProjectFiles';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['C files include functions that can be called from Simulink MATLAB Function'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).popupstrings   = '';

  oIdx = oIdx + 1;

  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Select include files (.h)';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Pushbutton';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).popupstrings   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'UpdateHPathlist';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Click to open multiselect window'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback       = 'stm32updateHPathList_callback(hDlg, hSrc, ''STM32AppendToList'')';
  
  oIdx = oIdx + 1;
 
  rtwoptions(oIdx).prompt         = 'Header files added to project';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).type           = 'Edit';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).default        = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tlcvariable    = 'HPathFiles';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).makevariable   = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).enable         = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).tooltip        = ...
    ['Header files included for C functions that can be called from Simulink MATLAB Function'];
  rtwoptions(oIdx).callback      = '';
  rtwoptions(oIdx).popupstrings   = '';
 

  %----------------------------------------%
  % Configure RTW code generation settings %
  %----------------------------------------%

  rtwgensettings.DerivedFrom = 'ert.tlc';
  rtwgensettings.BuildDirSuffix = '_stm32';
  rtwgensettings.Version = '1';
  rtwgensettings.SelectCallback = ['stm32_SelectCallback(hDlg, hSrc)'];
  %rtwgensettings.ActivateCallback = ['stm32_ActivateCallback(hDlg, hSrc)'];
  rtwgensettings.PostApplyCallback = ['stm32_PostApplyCallback(hDlg, hSrc)'];
 

  END_RTW_OPTIONS
 %/

%% [EOF]: stm32.tlc

代码生成配置

/%
  BEGIN_RTW_OPTIONS
  %----------------------------------------%
  % Configure RTW code generation settings %
  %----------------------------------------%
  rtwgensettings.BuildDirSuffix = '_stm32f4';
  rtwgensettings.DerivedFrom = 'ert.tlc';
  rtwgensettings.Version = '1';
  END_RTW_OPTIONS
%/

rtwgensettings.BuildDirSuffix = '_stm32f4'; 设置代码生成的文件夹名字
rtwgensettings.DerivedFrom = 'ert.tlc'; 继承ert.tlc的模板

---

另外，在 % Configure RTW code generation settings % 中还有回调函数的定义，这里给出autosar.tlc的实例，具体代码段如下：

/%

  BEGIN_RTW_OPTIONS

  rtwoptions = autosar_rtwoptions_callback('GetOptions', rtwoptions);

  rtwgensettings.BuildDirSuffix = '_autosar_rtw';
  rtwgensettings.Version        = autosarcore.rtwOptions('GetRtwOptionsVersion');
  rtwgensettings.SelectCallback = 'autosar_rtwoptions_callback(''SelectCallBack'', hSrc, hDlg)';
  rtwgensettings.ActivateCallback = 'autosar_rtwoptions_callback(''ActivateCallBack'', hSrc, hDlg)';
  rtwgensettings.DerivedFrom = 'ert.tlc';
  
  END_RTW_OPTIONS
 %/

这里出现了两个回调函数

  rtwgensettings.SelectCallback = 'autosar_rtwoptions_callback(''SelectCallBack'', hSrc, hDlg)';
  rtwgensettings.ActivateCallback = 'autosar_rtwoptions_callback(''ActivateCallBack'', hSrc, hDlg)';

回调函数格式为：

% 在Code Generation的TLC选择框内选择该tlc文件后执行哪些动作 
% 这个callback_handler可以由用户自行定义
rtwgensettings.SelectCallback =callback_handler(hDlg,hSrc);
rtwgensettings.ActivateCallback = callback_handler(hDlg,hSrc);
rtwgensettings.PostApplyCallback = callback_handler(hDlg,hSrc);

callback_handler实例

callback_handler可以以.m的函数文件放置到tlc文件所在路径下。下面给出一个具体的实例（该实例为SCANeR提供的ert_scanerapi_select.m）

function ert_scanerapi_select(hDlg, hSrc)
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'StopTime', 'inf');
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'SolverType', 'Fixed-step');
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'Solver', 'FixedStepDiscrete');
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'SupportContinuousTime', 'on');
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'SupportNonInlinedSFcns', 'on');
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'GenerateSampleERTMain', 'off');
slConfigUISetEnabled(hDlg, hSrc, 'GenerateSampleERTMain', false);
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'ModelReferenceCompliant', 'on');
% slConfigUISetEnabled(hDlg, hSrc, 'ModelReferenceCompliant', false);

其中，hDlg为configuration parameters的句柄，hSrc为模型的句柄，slConfigUISetVal为Simulink的built-in函数，一共4个参数，前两个为hDlg和hSrc，后面两个为要设置的参数名和对应的参数值，slConfigUISetEnabled同理，设置enabled用。

【提示】要查看参数名，在Configuration Parameters的对话框内需要查看的内容处右键，what’s This?后查看，如图。

点击show more information后可以查看该参数的具体设置：

如果是针对嵌入式开发，callback_handler中可以将下列命令引入：

function ert_example_select(hDlg, hSrc)
% 设置固定点步长，并禁止修改
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'SolverType', 'Fixed-step');
slConfigUISetEnabled(hDlg, hSrc, 'SolverType', 'off');
% 设置离散求解器
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'Solver', 'FixedStepDiscrete');
% 设置默认采样时间
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'FixedStep', '0.1');
% 设置内联参数
% 高版本的MATLAB中这个参数修改为Default parameter behavior ?
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'InlineParams', 'on');
% 生成报告
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'GenerateReport', 'on');
% 自动打开报告
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'LaunchReport', 'on');
% 只生成代码
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'GenCodeOnly', 'on');
% 不生成makefile（不生成可执行文件，不需要makefile文件）
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'GenerateMakefile', 'off');
% 生成注释
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'GenerateComments', 'on');
% 生成A2L文件
slConfigUISetVal(hDlg, hSrc, 'GenerateASAP2', 'on');

使用for循环改写上面的.m回调函数：

function ert_example_select_for_loop(hDlg, hSrc)

configs = {'SolverType','on';
                  'Solver','FixedStepDiscrete';
                  'FixedStep', '0.1';
                  'InlineParams', 'on';
                  'GenerateReport', 'on';
                  'LaunchReport', 'on';
                  'GenCodeOnly', 'on';
                  'GenerateMakefile', 'off';
                  'GenerateComments', 'on';
                  'GenerateASAP2', 'on';};

for i = 1:length(configs)
    slfConfigUISetVal(hDlg,hSrc,configs{i,1},configs{i,2});
end
 
slConfigUISetEnabled(hDlg, hSrc, 'SolverType', 'off');

在实际建模时，可以将修改system target file的命令放置到某个config模块的回调函数中，这样，只要拖入该模块，就可以实现自动将系统目标文件修改的目的。
【注意】 下面两个命令可以在Matlab的command windows中对Simulink模型的system target file进行修改。
disableimplicitsignalresolution(bdroot);
set_param(bdroot,‘SystemTargetFile’,‘ert_example.tlc’)
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1-q1a8Kt4D9SU-AaG-qODIw
提取码：5aax