添加于python3.2
提供更加高效的接口来实现异步执行
通过具体实现来剖析
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=1) as executor:
future = executor.submit(pow, 323, 1235)
print(future.result())
源码位置
Lib\concurrent\futures\thread.py 83行
一共两个参数max_workers=None、thread_name_profix=”
max_workers
用来指定最大线程数
if max_workers is None:
# Use this number because ThreadPoolExecutor is often
# used to overlap I/O instead of CPU work.
max_workers = (os.cpu_count() or 1) * 5
先判断是否是None,即未指定时,默认是cpu数量*5,比如你是四核的cpu,那么默认最大线程20
再判断是否小于0,若小于则抛出ValueError
ThreadPoolExecutor继承了Executor对象,并实现了部分重写
源码位置
Lib\concurrent\futures\thread.py 106行
一共三个参数 fn , *rags , **kwargs
submit方法执行 fn(*args,**kwargs) , 然后返回一个Future对象
返回被执行函数的结果
源码位置
Lib\concurrent\futures\_base.py 378行
一个参数timeout = None
不指定时,将不会限制等待时间,即一直等到函数完成
如果在指定时间内函数未完成,则抛出异常TimtoutError
直接使用with 语句即可
from telnetlib import Telnet
def detect_port(port):
try:
print('{} testing .. '.format(port))
Telnet('127.0.0.1',port,timeout=5)
print('{} opened '.format(port))
except:
pass
with ThreadPoolExecutor(100)as executor:
executor.map(detect_port,range(500))
map方法
完全继承于Executor
源码位置
Lib\concurrent\futures\_base.py
一共四个参数 fn , *iterables , timeout = None , chunksize = 1
chunsize用于ProcessPoolExecutor,其他的参数同上面的submit
def map(self, fn, *iterables, timeout=None, chunksize=1):
if timeout is not None:
end_time = timeout + time.time()
fs = [self.submit(fn, *args) for args in zip(*iterables)]
def result_iterator():
try:
for future in fs:
if timeout is None:
yield future.result()
else:
yield future.result(end_time - time.time())
finally:
for future in fs:
future.cancel()
return result_iterator()
map里面调用了内置函数zip,zip函数的特点是
In [1]: print(*zip('abc',[1,2,3,4]))
('a', 1) ('b', 2) ('c', 3)
举例说
def detect_port(ip,port):
检测端口
with ThreadPoolExecutor()as ecexutor:
executor.map(detect_port,['127.0.0.1','192.168.1.10'],['21','22','23'])
原本是打算逐个ip扫描这三个端口是否开放
但是此时只会扫描127.0.0.1的21端口,以及192.168.1.10的23端口
def detect_port(ip,port):
检测端口
def detect_all_ip(ip):
ports = [xx,xx,..]
with ThreadPoolExecutor()as executor:
[executor.submit(detect_port,ip,ports) for port in ports]
def main():
ips = ['xxx','xxx',..]
with ThreadPoolExecutor()as executor:
executor.map(detect_all_ip,ips)
如下是之前写的通过telnet扫描端口的脚本,便是利用了ThreadPoolExecutor,可供参考
detectPortByTelnet.py下载
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