Cisco packet tracer 路由器及简单组网实验
一.实验内容:8台计算机连4台交换机通过4个路由器可互相通信
二.实验预期结果:8台计算机可互相ping通
三.实验具体过程:
1.实验所需设备:8台pc、4台交换机(本实验选用思科模拟器中2950-24)各连两台pc、4个路由器(本实验选用思科模拟器中1841)
2.实验设备连接:
(1) 交换机与PC机、交换机与路由器的连接由以太网接口用直连线连接即可(每个设备会自动生成无数个以太网接口f0/0、f0/1……)
(2) 路由器之间是广域网之间连接,必须用串口serial相连,并且连接线用串口DTE连接
3.实验过程
以下具体介绍路由器配置与互相连接
(1)给路由器添加serial端口:
在各路由器physical选项卡中,先在右上方关闭路由器电源,再添加串口,本实验选用WIC-2T,点击后将右下角图案拖入到zoom in和zoom out中,打开路由器电源。
(2)各pc和router的IP和网关
PC0:
IP地址:192.168.10.2
子网掩码:255.255.255.0
网关:192.168.10.1
PC1:
IP地址:192.168.11.2
子网掩码:255.255.255.0
网关:192.168.11.1
PC2:
IP地址:193.168.10.2
子网掩码:255.255.255.0
网关:193.168.10.1
PC3:
IP地址:193.168.11.2
子网掩码:255.255.255.0
网关:193.168.11.1
PC4:
IP地址:194.168.10.2
子网掩码:255.255.255.0
网关:194.168.10.1
PC5:
IP地址:194.168.11.2
子网掩码:255.255.255.0
网关:194.168.11.1
PC6:
IP地址:195.168.10.2
子网掩码:255.255.255.0
网关:195.168.10.1
PC7:
IP地址:195.168.11.2
子网掩码:255.255.255.0
网关:195.168.11.1
Router0
F0/0:
IP地址:192.168.10.1
子网掩码:255.255.255.0
#interface f0/0
#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
#no shutdown
F0/1:
IP地址:192.168.11.1
子网掩码:255.255.255.0
#interface f0/1
#ip address 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0
#no shutdown
S0/0/0:
IP地址:196.145.175.111
子网掩码:255.255.255.255
#exit
#interfaces0/0/0
#ipaddress 196.145.175.111 255.255.255.0
#noshutdown
(若DCE连接还需配置接口时钟频率:(此实验用的串口DTE连接不用设置)
#interface serial 2/0
#clock rate 64000)
配置静态路由
目的路由器f口的网络编号+子网掩码+转发目的路由器s口的IP地址
#ip route 193.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 196.145.175.112
#iproute 193.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 196.145.175.112
#ip route 194.168.10.0 255.255.255.0196.145.176.112
#ip route 194.168.11.0 255.255.255.0196.145.176.112
#ip route 195.168.10.0 255.255.255.0196.145.177.112
#ip route 195.168.11.0 255.255.255.0196.145.177.112
Router1
F0/0:
IP地址:193.168.10.1
子网掩码:255.255.255.0
#interface f0/0
#ip address 193.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
#no shutdown
F0/1:
IP地址:193.168.10.1
子网掩码:255.255.255.0
#interface f0/0
#ip address 193.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
#no shutdown
S0/0/0:
IP地址:196.145.175.112
子网掩码:255.255.255.255
#exit
#interface s0/0/0
#ip address 196.145.175.112255.255.255.0
#no shutdown
S0/0/1:
IP地址:196.145.176.111
子网掩码:255.255.255.255
#exit
#interfaces0/0/0
#ipaddress 196.145.176.111 255.255.255.0
#noshutdown
配置静态路由
目的路由器f口的网络编号+子网掩码+转发目的路由器s口的IP地址
#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0196.145.175.111
#ip route 192.168.11.0 255.255.255.0196.145.175.111
#ip route 194.168.10.0 255.255.255.0196.145.176.112
#ip route 194.168.11.0 255.255.255.0196.145.176.112
#ip route 195.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 196.145.177.112
#ip route 195.168.11.0 255.255.255.0196.145.177.112
Router2
F0/0:
IP地址:194.168.10.1
子网掩码:255.255.255.0
#interfacef0/0
#ipaddress 194.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
#noshutdown
F0/1:
IP地址:194.168.11.1
子网掩码:255.255.255.0
#interfacef0/1
#ipaddress 194.168.11.1 255.255.255.0
#noshutdown
S0/0/0:
IP地址:196.145.176.112
子网掩码:255.255.255.255
#exit
#interfaces0/0/0
#ipaddress 196.145.176.112 255.255.255.0
#noshutdown
S0/0/1:
IP地址:196.145.177.111
子网掩码:255.255.255.255
#exit
#interfaces0/0/1
#ipaddress 196.145.177.111 255.255.255.0
#noshutdown
配置静态路由
目的路由器f口的网络编号+子网掩码+转发目的路由器s口的IP地址
#ip route 193.168.10.0 255.255.255.0196.145.176.111
#ip route 193.168.11.0 255.255.255.0196.145.176.111
#ip route 195.168.10.0 255.255.255.0196.145.177.112
#ip route 195.168.11.0 255.255.255.0196.145.177.112
#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0196.145.175.111
#ip route 192.168.11.0 255.255.255.0196.145.175.111
Router3:
F0/0:
IP地址:195.168.10.1
子网掩码:255.255.255.0
#interfacef0/0
#ipaddress 195.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
#noshutdown
F0/1:
IP地址:195.168.11.1
子网掩码:255.255.255.0
#interfacef0/0
#ipaddress 195.168.11.1 255.255.255.0
#noshutdown
S0/0/0:
IP地址:196.145.177.112
子网掩码:255.255.255.255
#exit
#interfaces0/0/0
#ipaddress 196.145.177.112 255.255.255.0
#noshutdown
配置静态路由
目的路由器f口的网络编号+子网掩码+转发目的路由器s口的IP地址
#ip route 194.168.10.0 255.255.255.0196.145.177.111
#ip route 194.168.11.0 255.255.255.0196.145.177.111
#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0196.145.175.111
#ip route 192.168.11.0 255.255.255.0196.145.175.111
#ip route 194.168.10.0 255.255.255.0196.145.176.111
#ip route 194.168.11.0 255.255.255.0196.145.176.111
(3)将pc、交换机、路由器以太网接口均设为全双工,否则ping不通
(在config选项卡里interface项里可设置,或命令行里进入配置模式后#duplex full)
3.检验8台PC是否可以互相PING通
a.相邻路由器上所连主机
①pc0、pc1与pc2、pc3可互相ping通
PC0 PING PC2
PC0 PING PC3
PC2 PING PC0
PC2 PING PC1
均reply 如下图
②PC2、PC3与PC4、PC5互相可ping通
PC3 PING PC4
PC3 PING PC4
PC4 PING PC2
PC4 PING PC3
均reply
(相邻两个路由器上所连主机均可ping通,不一一列出)
b.不相邻路由器之间主机
①PC0、PC1和PC4 PC5 PC6 PC7
到这戛然而止,reply from 192.168.10.1(PC0网关)Destintion host unreachable
真的不知道为什么不相邻路由器上相连主机ping不通,求大神告知啊,初学者什么都不知道可怎么办啊