基于python Flask框架+jquery Ajax技术的增删改查(CRUD)
Falsk框架优势：
1.轻巧
2.简洁
3.扩展性强（个人认为最重要的特点）
4.核心（werkzeug和jinja2）jinja2就是指模板引擎。
非常适用于小型网站
非常适用于开发web服务的API
开发大型网站无压力，但代码架构需要自己设计，开发成本取决于开发者的能力和经验
各方面性能均等于或优于Django
Django自带的或第三方的好评如潮的功能，Flask上总会找到与之类似第三方库
Flask灵活开发，Python高手基本都会喜欢Flask，但对Django却可能褒贬不一
Flask与关系型数据库的配合使用不弱于Django，而其与NoSQL数据库的配合远远优于Django
Flask比Django更加Pythonic，与Python的philosophy更加吻合
如下是对单表增删改查的具体实例
注：本篇文章是在上篇文章的基础上进行的更改，因为在已有的后台处理上，对不同的数据表的数据处理其实就是sql语句的不同以及封装数据还有前台js中的ajax略有差异，方法名称没有太大改变，但是本篇文章在原来的基础上又在后面新增加了一个bootstrap的模态框用于实现增加数据的操作；具体代码实现如下(文件目录结构与上片大体一致)：
shopcontroller.py文件：
from flask import render_template, Blueprint, request
from service.shopservice import ShopService
from entity.shop import Shop
import json
shopcontroller = Blueprint('shopcontroller',__name__)
shopService=ShopService()
#删除功能
@shopcontroller.route('/removeshop.do',methods = ['POST','GET'])
def goRemoveShop():
shopId = request.args.get('shopId')
job_city = request.form.get('job_city')
shop = Shop()
shop.job_position = job_city
result = shopService.removeShop(shopId)
shopList = shopService.findPageShopList(shop,16,1)
return render_template('systeminfo/messageinfo.html',shopList = shopList,message="删除成功" if result>0 else "删除失败") #前端用的key
#确认修改
@shopcontroller.route('/checkshopname.do',methods = ['POST','GET'])
def checkShopName():
shopdata = request.get_data()
shopDict = json.loads(shopdata)
shop = Shop()
shop.job_id = shopDict.get('shopId') #将数据赋给user实体的属性
shop.job_position=shopDict.get('shopName')
shop.job_MMoney = shopDict.get('shopPrice')
shop.job_city = shopDict.get('shopNum')
result =shopService.updateShop(shop)
dicts={}
if result:
dicts = {'code':1}
else:
dicts = {'code':0}
return json.dumps(dicts)
pass
#查询以及分页
@shopcontroller.route('/ajaxshopinfo.do', methods=['POST', 'GET'])
def getShopInfo():
shopData = request.get_data()
shopDict = json.loads(shopData)
tData = {}
shop = Shop()
shop.job_city = shopDict.get('shopName')
currentPage = int(shopDict.get('currentPage'))
pageSize = int(shopDict.get('pageSize'))
opr = shopDict.get('opr')
shopId = shopDict.get('shopId')
shop.job_id = shopId
result = shopService.findPageShopList(shop, pageSize, currentPage)
counts = shopService.countShops(shop)
totalPage = 0
if(counts%pageSize == 0):
totalPage = counts//pageSize
else:
totalPage = counts // pageSize + 1
pass
returnData = {'code':1, 'shopData':result, 'pageSize':pageSize, 'currentPage':currentPage, 'totalPage':totalPage, 'opr':'search'}
return json.dumps(returnData)
pass
#确认添加
@shopcontroller.route('/submits.do', methods=['POST', 'GET'])
def submits():
Text = request.get_data()
TextDict = json.loads(Text)
shop = Shop()
shop.job_position = TextDict.get('jobposition')
shop.job_MMoney = TextDict.get('jobmoney')
shop.job_city= TextDict.get('jobcity')
result = shopService.submits(shop)
print(result)
dicts = {}
if result:
dicts = {'code': 1}
else:
dicts = {'code': 0}
return json.dumps(dicts)
pass
basedao.py(连接数据库以及提供通用的数据库接口文件)
import pymysql
import json
import os
#DBUtils.py
class BaseDao():
def __init__(self,configPath = 'pymysql.json'):
self.__connection =None
self.__cursor = None
self.__config = json.load(open(os.path.dirname(__file__) + os.sep + configPath,'r')) #通过json配置获得数据的连接配置信息
print(self.__config)
pass
def getConnection(self):
#当有连接对象时，直接返回连接对象
if self.__connection:
return self.__connection
#否则通过建立新的连接对象
try:
self.__connection = pymysql.connect(**self.__config)
return self.__connection
except pymysql.MySQLError as e:
print("Exception"+str(e))
pass
pass
#用于执行Sql语句的通用方法
def execute(self,sql,params=None):
try:
self.__cursor = self.getConnection().cursor()
#execute:返回的是修改数据的条数
if params:
result = self.__cursor.execute(sql,params)
else:
result = self.__cursor.execute(sql)
return result
except (pymysql.MySQLError,pymysql.DatabaseError,Exception) as e:#捕获多个异常
print("出现数据库访问异常："+str(e))
self.rollback()
pass
pass
pass
def fetch(self):
if self.__cursor: #提高代码健壮性
return self.__cursor.fetchall()
pass
def fetchOne(self):
if self.__cursor: #提高代码健壮性
return self.__cursor.fetchone()
pass
def commit(self):
if self.__connection:
self.__connection.commit() #回滚问题
pass
def rollback(self):
if self.__connection:
self.__connection.rollback()
pass
def getLastRowId(self):
if self.__cursor:
return self.__cursor.lastrowid
def close(self):
if self.__cursor:
self.__cursor.close()
if self.__connection:
self.__connection.close()
pass
if __name__=="__main__":
ms = BaseDao()
pymysql.json(数据库信息配置文件)
{"host":"127.0.0.1","user":"root","password":"root", "database" :"你的数据库","port":你的数据库密码}
shopdao.py文件
from .basedao import BaseDao
class ShopDao(BaseDao):
#删除功能的函数
def removeShop(self,shopId):
try:
sql = "delete from job_position where job_id=%s"
self.getConnection()
result = self.execute(sql, (shopId,))
self.commit() # 执行语句后要提交
finally:
self.close()
return result
pass
#修改数据库数据
def updateShop(self,shop):
try:
sql = "update job_position set job_city=%s,job_MMoney=%s,jobposition=%s where job_id=%s"
self.getConnection()
result = self.execute(sql,(shop.job_city,shop.job_MMoney,shop.job_position,shop.job_id))
self.commit() # 执行语句后要提交
finally:
self.close()
return result
pass
#支持查询分页
def findPageShopList(self, shop, pageSize, currentPage):
try:
params = []
# sql语句和param就需要是动态
sql = "select * from job_position where 1=1 " # where 1=1 便于增加and
if shop.job_city:
sql += " and job_city like %s "
params.append('%' + shop.job_city + '%') # 支持模糊查询
pass
startRow = (currentPage - 1) * pageSize
sql += "limit %s, %s"
params.append(startRow)
params.append(pageSize)
self.getConnection()
self.execute(sql, params)
result = self.fetch()
finally:
self.close()
return result
pass
def countShops(self, shop):
params = []
# sql语句和params就需要是动态
sql = "select count(*) from job_position where 1=1 " # where 1=1是为了便于增加and
if shop.job_city:
sql += " and job_city like %s " # 模糊查询
params.append('%' + shop.job_city + '%')
pass
self.getConnection()
self.execute(sql, params)
result = self.fetchOne()
return result
pass
pass
def submits(self,shop):
try:
sql = "insert into job_position(job_city,job_MMoney,jobposition) values(%s,%s,%s)"
self.getConnection()
result = self.execute(sql,(shop.job_city,shop.job_MMoney,shop.job_position))
self.commit() #执行语句后要提交
finally:
self.close()
return result
pass
shop.py文件（初始化职位实体属性文件）
class Shop():
def __init__(self):
self.__job_id = None
self.__job_position = None
self.__job_MMoney = None
self.__job_city = None
@property
def job_id(self):
return self.__job_id
@job_id.setter
def job_id(self, job_id):
self.__job_id = job_id
@property
def job_position(self):
return self.__job_position
@job_position.setter
def job_position(self, job_position):
self.__job_position = job_position
@property
def job_MMoney(self):
return self.__job_MMoney
@job_MMoney.setter
def job_MMoney(self, job_MMoney):
self.__job_MMoney = job_MMoney
@property
def job_city(self):
return self.__job_city
@job_city.setter
def job_city(self, job_city):
self.__job_city = job_city
shopservice.py文件
from dao.shopdao import ShopDao
from entity.shop import Shop
class ShopService():
#删除 id
def removeShop(self,shopId):
shopDao = ShopDao()
return shopDao.removeShop(shopId)
pass
#修改
def updateShop(self,shop):
shopDao = ShopDao()
return shopDao.updateShop(shop) #对数据库进行更新操作
#分页以及查询
def findPageShopList(self, shop, pageSize, currentPage):
shopDao = ShopDao()
return shopDao.findPageShopList(shop,pageSize,currentPage)
pass
#计算用户个数
def countShops(self, shop):
shopDao = ShopDao()
return shopDao.countShops(shop)[0]
pass
#确认添加
def submits(self,shop):
shopDao = ShopDao()
return shopDao.submits(shop)
pass
shop.js文件
//删除
function submitRemoveShop(shopId) {
if(confirm("确定要删除吗？")){
window.location.href="/removeshop.do?shopId="+shopId
}
}
//修改
function submitModifyShop(id) {
//console.log('#list-line' + id +" td")
$('#list-lines' + id +" td").attr('contentEditable',true);
// $('#id').attr("readonly","readonly");
}
//点击修改完成按钮的功能，动态将修改的数据控制层（usercontroller.py文件）
function submitModifyShops(id){
$.ajax({
type: 'post', // 传数据的方式
url: '/checkshopname.do',
dataType: 'json', // xml、json、script、html
data:JSON.stringify({
'shopId': $("td[name='shopId"+id+"']").html(), // $('#userName') == document.getElementById('userName')
'shopName': $("td[name='shopName"+id+"']").html(),
'shopPrice': $("td[name='shopPrice"+id+"']").html(),
'shopNum': $("td[name='shopNum"+id+"']").html(),
}),
error: function(xhr, err){
alert('请求失败，请检查，' + err + '!')
},
success: function(data, textStatus){ // success对应的回调函数的第一个参数，是服务器返回的数据
if(data.code==1){
alert("修改完成！")
//console.log("成功")
$('#list-lines' + id +" td").attr('contentEditable',false)
}
}
});
}
function getShopData(currentPage, pageSize, opr, shopId) {
shopName = document.searchForms.shopName.value
if(opr == 'del'){
if(!confirm('确定要删除吗？')){
return false
}
}
$.ajax({
type: 'post', // 传数据的方式
url: '/ajaxshopinfo.do',
dataType: 'json', // xml、json、script、html
data:JSON.stringify({
'shopId':shopId,
'shopName':shopName,
'pageSize': pageSize,
'currentPage': currentPage,
'opr': opr
}),
error: function(xhr, err){
alert('请求失败，请检查，' + err + '!')
},
success: function(data, textStatus){ // success对应的回调函数的第一个参数，是服务器返回的数据
if(data.code == 1 && opr != 'update'){
var htmlTexts = ""
for(var i =0;i \n' +
' '+ data.shopData[i][0] +' \n' +
' '+ data.shopData[i][1] +' \n' +
' '+ data.shopData[i][4] +' \n' +
' '+ data.shopData[i][12] +' \n' +
' \n' +
' 删除 \n' +
' 修改 \n' +
' 完成\n' +
' \n' +
' \n' +
' '
}
pageTexts = '--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- '+ '当前第' + data.currentPage + '页 总共有' + data.totalPage + '页 ';
if(data.currentPage <= 1) {
pageTexts += '首页 上一页 ';
}else{
pageTexts += '首页 ' +
'上一页 ';
}
if(data.currentPage >= data.totalPage){
pageTexts += '下一页 尾页 ';
}else {
pageTexts += '下一页 ' +
'尾页 ';
}
pageTexts +=' messageinfo.html文件（管理员界面)
后台管理界面
管理员界面
职位编号
职位名
月薪
城市
{# {% for shop in shopList %}#}
{# #}
{# {{ shop.shopId }} #}
{# {{ shop.shopName }} #}
{# {{ shop.shopPrice }} #}
{# {{ shop.shopNum }} #}
{# {{ shop.shopClassfiy }} #}
{# {{ shop.shopImgUrl }} #}
{# #}
{# 删除 #}
{# 修改 #}
{# 完成#}
{# #}
{# #}
{# {% endfor %}#}
{# 第二块结尾 #}
订单编号
用户编号
商品名
购买数量
金额
发件人地址
收件人姓名
收件人电话
收件人地址
操作
{# 第三块结尾#}
销量界面暂未开发
app.py文件(启动程序)
from flask import Flask,render_template,request,session,Response
from controller.shopcontroller import shopcontroller
from datetime import timedelta
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['DEBUG']=True
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] ="fggggjjjhgggg"
app.config['PERMANENT_SESSION_LIFETIME']=timedelta(minutes=30)
app.register_blueprint(shopcontroller) #数据层
@app.route('/',methods =['POST','GET'])
def index():
return render_template('systeminfo/messageinfo.html')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(host="10.0.14.107",port=8080)
至此，是本文章的全部代码内容，如下图是增加功能的模态框界面效果：
下篇文章见！！！