基于Python Django框架+jquery Ajax技术实现的增删改查(CRUD)
Django框架优势：
1、开源框架，有完美的文档支持
2、解决方案众多，内部功能支持较多
3、优雅的URL，完整的路由系统
4、自助式ORM机制的后台管理
注：本文章是基于ORM机制进行的Ajax异步增删改查
项目架构
注:’—‘为一级路径，’——‘为二级路径，’———‘为三级路径，’————'为四级路径.
my_django_project(项目名)
—my_django_project(初始文件)
—— settings.py(项目配置文件)
——urls.py(路由表文件)
——wsgi.py(基于WSGI机制)
—shopapp(本文章的app名称，在Terminal 键入python manage.py startapp shopapp命令行生成该文件，包含如下子文件)
——migrations（本文章未对其进行任何操作，可忽略）
——static(该文件中可包含.css子文件以及.js子文件如下)
———js(该文件夹下包含.js文件)
————jquery-3.2.1.min.js（引入了jquery框架）
————shop.js(此文件中包含Ajax的具体应用)
——admin.py（用于注册models文件中的类）
——apps.py（用于注册app文件）
——models.py（可在Terminal 键入python manage.py inspectdb > shopapp/models.py 自动生成settings.py中配置的数据库中的各个表的数据列）
——tests.py（可在此文件中进行测试，本文章未对其操作）
——views.py（包含所有的数据库操作，即（CRUD））
—templates(此文件包含.html文件)
——messageinfo.html(本文章的html文件)
—manage.py（启动Django框架的文件）
注：以下文件按照如上所述的顺序进行排列，以便于查看
settings.py文件（包含原有的代码以及修改配置的代码如下）：
"""
Django settings for my_django_project project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.2.5.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/
"""
import os
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'eu!&l#9d5q42k*@p78^zv^-^w6tqqutbp(f&mk5dxjue&=(9v('
SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'shopapp.apps.ShopappConfig',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
# 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'my_django_project.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]
,
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'my_django_project.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'db_job_data',
'HOST': '你的数据库地址',
'USER': '你的用户名',
'PASSWORD':'你的密码',
'PORT': '你的数据库端口号',
'OPTIONS':{'isolation_level':None}
}
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
os.path.join(BASE_DIR,"static"), #配置static下的样式文件
)
# 配置输出sql语句
LOGGING = {
'version': 1,
'disable_existing_loggers': False,
'handlers': {
'console':{
'level':'DEBUG',
'class':'logging.StreamHandler',
},
},
'loggers': {
'django.db.backends': {
'handlers': ['console'],
'propagate': True,
'level':'DEBUG',
},
}
}
urls.py文件（用于配置路由）
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from shopapp.views import *
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('',index), #默认的登陆界面
path('checkshopname/',checkShopName),
path('ajaxshopinfo/',getShopInfo),
path('submits/',submits),
]
shop.js文件（包含Ajax具体代码）
//修改
function submitModifyShop(id) {
//console.log('#list-line' + id +" td")
$('#list-lines' + id +" td").attr('contentEditable',true);
// $('#id').attr("readonly","readonly");
}
//点击修改完成按钮的功能
function submitModifyShops(id){
$.ajax({
type: 'post', // 传数据的方式
url: 'checkshopname/',
dataType: 'json', // xml、json、script、html
data:JSON.stringify({
'shopId': $("td[name='shopId"+id+"']").html(), // $('#userName') == document.getElementById('userName')
'shopName': $("td[name='shopName"+id+"']").html(),
'shopPrice': $("td[name='shopPrice"+id+"']").html(),
'shopNum': $("td[name='shopNum"+id+"']").html(),
}),
error: function(xhr, err){
alert('请求失败，请检查，' + err + '!')
},
success: function(data, textStatus){ // success对应的回调函数的第一个参数，是服务器返回的数据
if(data.code==1){
alert("修改完成！")
//console.log("成功")
$('#list-lines' + id +" td").attr('contentEditable',false)
}
}
});
}
function getShopData(currentPage, pageSize, opr, shopId) {
shopName = document.searchForms.shopName.value
if(opr == 'del'){
if(!confirm('确定要删除吗？')){
return false
}
}
$.ajax({
type: 'post', // 传数据的方式
url: 'ajaxshopinfo/',
dataType: 'json', // xml、json、script、html
data:JSON.stringify({
'shopId':shopId,
'shopName':shopName,
'pageSize': pageSize,
'currentPage': currentPage,
'opr': opr
}),
error: function(xhr, err){
alert('请求失败，请检查，' + err + '!')
},
success: function(data, textStatus){ // success对应的回调函数的第一个参数，是服务器返回的数据
if(data.code == 1 && opr != 'update'){
var htmlTexts = ""
for(var i =0;i \n' +
' '+ data.shopData[i]['job_id']+' \n' +
' '+ data.shopData[i]['jobposition'] +' \n' +
' '+ data.shopData[i]['job_mmoney'] +' \n' +
' '+ data.shopData[i]['job_city'] +' \n' +
' \n' +
' 删除 \n' +
' 修改 \n' +
' 完成\n' +
' \n' +
' \n' +
' '
}
pageTexts = '--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- '+ '当前第' + data.currentPage + '页 总共有' + data.totalPage + '页 ';
if(data.currentPage <= 1) {
pageTexts += '首页 上一页 ';
}else{
pageTexts += '首页 ' +
'上一页 ';
}
if(data.currentPage >= data.totalPage){
pageTexts += '下一页 尾页 ';
}else {
pageTexts += '下一页 ' +
'尾页 ';
}
pageTexts +=' admin.py文件
from django.contrib import admin
# Register your models here.
from shopapp.models import JobPosition
admin.site.register(JobPosition)
apps.py文件
from django.apps import AppConfig
class ShopappConfig(AppConfig):
name = 'shopapp'
models.py文件
from django.db import models
class JobPosition(models.Model):
job_id = models.AutoField(db_column='job_id',primary_key=True)
jobposition = models.CharField(db_column='jobposition',max_length=100, blank=True, null=True)
job_mmoney = models.CharField(db_column='job_MMoney', max_length=45, blank=True, null=True) # Field name made lowercase.
job_city = models.CharField(db_column='job_city',max_length=128, blank=True, null=True)
class Meta:
managed = False
db_table = 'job_position'
views.py文件（基于ORM机制的增删改查，代码如下）
from django.shortcuts import render
from shopapp.models import JobPosition
from django.http.response import HttpResponse
import json
def index(request):
return render(request,'messageinfo.html')
pass
#确认修改
def checkShopName(request):
shopdata = request.body.decode('utf-8')
shopDict = json.loads(shopdata)
shop = JobPosition()
shop.job_id = shopDict.get('shopId') #将数据赋给user实体的属性
shop.jobposition=shopDict.get('shopName')
shop.job_mmoney = shopDict.get('shopPrice')
shop.job_city = shopDict.get('shopNum')
JobPosition.objects.filter(job_id=shop.job_id).update(jobposition=shop.jobposition,job_mmoney=shop.job_mmoney,job_city=shop.job_city)
return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'code':1}),content_type="application/json")
pass
#查询以及分页 还有删除
def getShopInfo(request):
shopData = request.body.decode('utf-8')
shopDict = json.loads(shopData)
currentPage = int(shopDict.get('currentPage'))
pageSize = int(shopDict.get('pageSize'))
opr = shopDict.get('opr')
shopId = shopDict.get('shopId')
if opr=='del':
shop = JobPosition()
shop.job_id = shopId
shop.delete() #删除
result = JobPosition.objects.filter(job_city__contains=shopDict.get("shopName")).values("job_id","jobposition","job_mmoney","job_city")[(currentPage-1)*pageSize:pageSize*currentPage]
counts = JobPosition.objects.filter(job_city__contains=shopDict.get("shopName")).count()
totalPage = 0
if(counts%pageSize == 0):
totalPage = counts//pageSize
else:
totalPage = counts // pageSize + 1
pass
returnData = {'code':1, 'shopData':json.loads(json.dumps(list(result))), 'pageSize':pageSize, 'currentPage':currentPage, 'totalPage':totalPage, 'opr':'search'}
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(returnData),content_type="application/json")
pass
#确认添加
def submits(request):
Text = request.body.decode('utf-8')
TextDict = json.loads(Text)
shop = JobPosition()
shop.jobposition = TextDict.get('jobposition')
shop.job_mmoney = TextDict.get('jobmoney')
shop.job_city= TextDict.get('jobcity')
shop.save() #插入实例化对象的三个属性值
return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'code': 1}),content_type="application/json")
pass
messageinfo.html代码如下：
后台管理界面
{% load static %}
manage.py启动文件：
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""Django's command-line utility for administrative tasks."""
import os
import sys
def main():
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'my_django_project.settings')
try:
from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
except ImportError as exc:
raise ImportError(
"Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and "
"available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you "
"forget to activate a virtual environment?"
) from exc
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
至此，是本项目文件的全部内容，如下图是：
下篇文章见！！！！