java实现Excel数据导出:
目前,比较常用的实现Java导入、导出Excel的技术有两种Jakarta POI和Java Excel
Jakarta POI 是一套用于访问微软格式文档的Java API。Jakarta POI有很多组件组成,其中有用于操作Excel格式文件的HSSF和用于操作Word的HWPF,在各种组件中目前只有用于操作Excel的HSSF相对成熟。官方主页http://poi.apache.org/index.html,API文档http://poi.apache.org/apidocs/index.html
Jakarta POI HSSF API组件
HSSF(用于操作Excel的组件)提供给用户使用的对象在rg.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel包中,主要部分包括Excel对象,样式和格式,还有辅助操作。有以下几种对象:
2.3 基本操作步骤
首先,理解一下一个Excel的文件的组织形式,一个Excel文件对应于一个workbook(HSSFWorkbook),一个workbook可以有多个sheet(HSSFSheet)组成,一个sheet是由多个row(HSSFRow)组成,一个row是由多个cell(HSSFCell)组成。
基本操作步骤:
下面来看一个动态生成Excel文件的例子:
//创建HSSFWorkbook对象
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
//创建HSSFSheet对象
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("sheet0");
//创建HSSFRow对象
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
//创建HSSFCell对象
HSSFCell cell=row.createCell(0);
//设置单元格的值
cell.setCellValue("单元格中的中文");
//输出Excel文件
FileOutputStream output=new FileOutputStream("d:\\workbook.xls");
wkb.write(output);
output.flush();
HSSF读取文件同样还是使用这几个对象,只是把相应的createXXX方法变成了getXXX方法即可。可见只要理解了其中原理,不管是读还是写亦或是特定格式都可以轻松实现,正所谓知其然更要知其所以然。
2:导出Excel应用实例:
详细api请参考:https://blog.csdn.net/xunwei0303/article/details/53213130
3:导出表格的工具类:
excelUtil:
1 package com.zhl.push.Utils;
2
3 import com.google.common.base.Strings;
4 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
5 import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
6 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.VerticalAlignment;
7 import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
8
9 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
10 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
11 import java.io.IOException;
12 import java.io.OutputStream;
13 import java.math.BigDecimal;
14 import java.util.List;
15 import java.util.Map;
16
17 public class ExcelExportUtil {
18 // 表头
19 private String title;
20 // 各个列的表头
21 private String[] heardList;
22 // 各个列的元素key值
23 private String[] heardKey;
24 // 需要填充的数据信息
25 private List data;
26 // 字体大小
27 private int fontSize = 14;
28 // 行高
29 private int rowHeight = 30;
30 // 列宽
31 private int columWidth = 200;
32 // 工作表
33 private String sheetName = "sheet1";
34
35 public String getTitle() {
36 return title;
37 }
38
39 public void setTitle(String title) {
40 this .title = title;
41 }
42
43 public String[] getHeardList() {
44 return heardList;
45 }
46
47 public void setHeardList(String[] heardList) {
48 this .heardList = heardList;
49 }
50
51 public String[] getHeardKey() {
52 return heardKey;
53 }
54
55 public void setHeardKey(String[] heardKey) {
56 this .heardKey = heardKey;
57 }
58
59 public List getData() {
60 return data;
61 }
62
63 public void setData(List data) {
64 this .data = data;
65 }
66
67 public int getFontSize() {
68 return fontSize;
69 }
70
71 public void setFontSize(int fontSize) {
72 this .fontSize = fontSize;
73 }
74
75 public int getRowHeight() {
76 return rowHeight;
77 }
78
79 public void setRowHeight(int rowHeight) {
80 this .rowHeight = rowHeight;
81 }
82
83 public int getColumWidth() {
84 return columWidth;
85 }
86
87 public void setColumWidth(int columWidth) {
88 this .columWidth = columWidth;
89 }
90
91 public String getSheetName() {
92 return sheetName;
93 }
94
95 public void setSheetName(String sheetName) {
96 this .sheetName = sheetName;
97 }
98
99 /**
100 * 开始导出数据信息
101 *
102 */
103 public byte [] exportExport(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
104 // 检查参数配置信息
105 checkConfig();
106 // 创建工作簿
107 HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
108 // 创建工作表
109 HSSFSheet wbSheet = wb.createSheet(this .sheetName);
110 // 设置默认行宽
111 wbSheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(20);
112
113 // 标题样式(加粗,垂直居中)
114 HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
115 cellStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);// 水平居中
116 cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);// 垂直居中
117 HSSFFont fontStyle = wb.createFont();
118 fontStyle.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
119 fontStyle.setBold(true ); // 加粗
120 fontStyle.setFontHeightInPoints((short )16); // 设置标题字体大小
121 cellStyle.setFont(fontStyle);
122
123 // 在第0行创建rows (表标题)
124 HSSFRow title = wbSheet.createRow((int ) 0);
125 title.setHeightInPoints(30);// 行高
126 HSSFCell cellValue = title.createCell(0);
127 cellValue.setCellValue(this .title);
128 cellValue.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
129 wbSheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0,0,0,(this .heardList.length-1)));
130 // 设置表头样式,表头居中
131 HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
132 // 设置单元格样式
133 style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
134 style.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
135 // 设置字体
136 HSSFFont font = wb.createFont();
137 font.setFontHeightInPoints((short ) this .fontSize);
138 style.setFont(font);
139 // 在第1行创建rows
140 HSSFRow row = wbSheet.createRow((int ) 1);
141 // 设置列头元素
142 HSSFCell cellHead = null ;
143 for (int i = 0; i < heardList.length; i++) {
144 cellHead = row.createCell(i);
145 cellHead.setCellValue(heardList[i]);
146 cellHead.setCellStyle(style);
147 }
148
149 // 设置每格数据的样式 (字体红色)
150 HSSFCellStyle cellParamStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
151 HSSFFont ParamFontStyle = wb.createFont();
152 cellParamStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
153 cellParamStyle.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
154 ParamFontStyle.setColor(HSSFColor.DARK_RED.index); // 设置字体颜色 (红色)
155 ParamFontStyle.setFontHeightInPoints((short ) this .fontSize);
156 cellParamStyle.setFont(ParamFontStyle);
157 // 设置每格数据的样式2(字体蓝色)
158 HSSFCellStyle cellParamStyle2 = wb.createCellStyle();
159 cellParamStyle2.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
160 cellParamStyle2.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
161 HSSFFont ParamFontStyle2 = wb.createFont();
162 ParamFontStyle2.setColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index); // 设置字体颜色 (蓝色)
163 ParamFontStyle2.setFontHeightInPoints((short ) this .fontSize);
164 cellParamStyle2.setFont(ParamFontStyle2);
165 // 开始写入实体数据信息
166 int a = 2;
167 for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++) {
168 HSSFRow roww = wbSheet.createRow((int ) a);
169 Map map = data.get(i);
170 HSSFCell cell = null ;
171 for (int j = 0; j < heardKey.length; j++) {
172 cell = roww.createCell(j);
173 cell.setCellStyle(style);
174 Object valueObject = map.get(heardKey[j]);
175 String value = null ;
176 if (valueObject == null ) {
177 valueObject = "";
178 }
179 if (valueObject instanceof String) {
180 // 取出的数据是字符串直接赋值
181 value = (String) map.get(heardKey[j]);
182 } else if (valueObject instanceof Integer) {
183 // 取出的数据是Integer
184 value = String.valueOf(((Integer) (valueObject)).floatValue());
185 } else if (valueObject instanceof BigDecimal) {
186 // 取出的数据是BigDecimal
187 value = String.valueOf(((BigDecimal) (valueObject)).floatValue());
188 } else {
189 value = valueObject.toString();
190 }
191 // 设置单个单元格的字体颜色
192 if (heardKey[j].equals("ddNum") || heardKey[j].equals("sjNum")){
193 if ((Long)map.get("ddNum")!=null ){
194 if ((Long)map.get("sjNum")==null ){
195 cell.setCellStyle(cellParamStyle);
196 } else if ((Long) map.get("ddNum") != (Long) map.get("sjNum")){
197 if ((Long) map.get("ddNum") > (Long) map.get("sjNum")) {
198 cell.setCellStyle(cellParamStyle);
199 }
200 if ((Long) map.get("ddNum") < (Long) map.get("sjNum")) {
201 cell.setCellStyle(cellParamStyle2);
202 }
203 }else {
204 cell.setCellStyle(style);
205 }
206 }
207 }
208 cell.setCellValue(Strings.isNullOrEmpty(value) ? "" : value);
209 }
210 a++;
211 }
212
213 // 导出数据
214 try {
215 // 设置Http响应头告诉浏览器下载这个附件
216 response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;Filename=" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".xls");
217 OutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
218 wb.write(outputStream);
219 outputStream.close();
220 return wb.getBytes();
221 } catch (Exception ex) {
222 ex.printStackTrace();
223 throw new IOException("导出Excel出现严重异常,异常信息:" + ex.getMessage());
224 }
225
226 }
227
228 /**
229 * 检查数据配置问题
230 *
231 * @throws IOException 抛出数据异常类
232 */
233 protected void checkConfig() throws IOException {
234 if (heardKey == null || heardList.length == 0) {
235 throw new IOException("列名数组不能为空或者为NULL");
236 }
237
238 if (fontSize < 0 || rowHeight < 0 || columWidth < 0) {
239 throw new IOException("字体、宽度或者高度不能为负值");
240 }
241
242 if (Strings.isNullOrEmpty(sheetName)) {
243 throw new IOException("工作表表名不能为NULL");
244 }
245 }
246 }
service :
@Override
public void queryProjectInfoBySchemeId(HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request,
String schemeId, String pushDate) throws IOException {
List maps = pushMonitorDao.queryProjectInfoBySchemeId(schemeId, pushDate);
if (maps!=null && maps.size()>0){
String companyName = pushMonitorDao.queryCompanyNameBySchemeId(schemeId);
String sheetTitle = companyName;
String [] title = new String[]{"城市","项目名字","合同","实际"}; // 设置表格表头字段
String [] properties = new String[]{"city","projectName","ddNum","sjNum"}; // 查询对应的字段
ExcelExportUtil excelExport2 = new ExcelExportUtil();
excelExport2.setData(maps);
excelExport2.setHeardKey(properties);
excelExport2.setFontSize( 14);
excelExport2.setSheetName(sheetTitle);
excelExport2.setTitle(sheetTitle);
excelExport2.setHeardList(title);
excelExport2.exportExport(request, response);
}
}
通用Excel文件导出工具类
1:Excel格式
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.VerticalAlignment;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
/**
* @作者 yan
* @创建日期
* @版本 V1.0
* @描述 Excel 导出通用工具类
*/
public class ExcelUtil {
public static byte [] export(String sheetTitle, String[] title, List list) {
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();// 创建excel表
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet(sheetTitle);
sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth( 20);// 设置默认行宽
// 表头样式(加粗,水平居中,垂直居中)
HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
cellStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 水平居中
cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);// 垂直居中
// 设置边框样式
cellStyle.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); // 下边框
cellStyle.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 左边框
cellStyle.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 上边框
cellStyle.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 右边框
HSSFFont fontStyle = wb.createFont();
fontStyle.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
cellStyle.setFont(fontStyle);
// 标题样式(加粗,垂直居中)
HSSFCellStyle cellStyle2 = wb.createCellStyle();
cellStyle2.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER); // 垂直居中
cellStyle2.setFont(fontStyle);
// 设置边框样式
cellStyle2.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); // 下边框
cellStyle2.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 左边框
cellStyle2.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 上边框
cellStyle2.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 右边框
// 字段样式(垂直居中)
HSSFCellStyle cellStyle3 = wb.createCellStyle();
cellStyle3.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER); // 垂直居中
// 设置边框样式
cellStyle3.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); // 下边框
cellStyle3.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 左边框
cellStyle3.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 上边框
cellStyle3.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 右边框
// 创建表头
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
row.setHeightInPoints( 20);// 行高
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(0);
cell.setCellValue(sheetTitle);
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
sheet.addMergedRegion( new CellRangeAddress(0,0,0,(title.length-1)));
// 创建标题
HSSFRow rowTitle = sheet.createRow(1);
rowTitle.setHeightInPoints( 20);
HSSFCell hc;
for (int i = 0; i < title.length; i++) {
hc = rowTitle.createCell(i);
hc.setCellValue(title[i]);
hc.setCellStyle(cellStyle2);
}
byte result[] = null ;
ByteArrayOutputStream out = null ;
try {
// 创建表格数据
Field[] fields;
int i = 2;
for (Object obj : list) {
fields = obj.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
HSSFRow rowBody = sheet.createRow(i);
rowBody.setHeightInPoints( 20);
int j = 0;
for (Field f : fields) {
f.setAccessible( true );
Object va = f.get(obj);
if (null == va) {
va = "";
}
hc = rowBody.createCell(j);
hc.setCellValue(va.toString());
hc.setCellStyle(cellStyle3);
j ++;
}
i ++;
}
out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
wb.write(out);
result = out.toByteArray();
} catch (Exception ex) {
Logger.getLogger(ExcelUtil. class .getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null , ex);
} finally {
try {
if (null != out){
out.close();
}
} catch (IOException ex) {
Logger.getLogger(ExcelUtil. class .getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null , ex);
} finally {
try {
wb.close();
} catch (IOException ex) {
Logger.getLogger(ExcelUtil. class .getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null , ex);
}
}
}
return result;
}
}
4:依赖包
commons-io-2.4.jar
poi-3.15.jar
=======================================================
如果需要使用模板来导出excel可以使用jxls:
官网:http://jxls.sourceforge.net/
可以参考博客: https://www.cnblogs.com/foxlee1024/p/7616987.html
https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_15769727/article/details/78898894