Upgrading Oracle 18c To 19c
本文包含了以下两个知识点：
- 静默安装Oracle 19c；
- 通过rman升级数据库。
一、静默安装Oracle 19c
1.1 安装并配置Gird组件
创建响应文件grid.rsp，内容如下：
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_crsinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0 INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory oracle.install.option=HA_CONFIG ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid oracle.install.asm.OSDBA=asmdba oracle.install.asm.OSOPER=asmoper oracle.install.asm.OSASM=asmadmin oracle.install.crs.config.scanType=LOCAL_SCAN oracle.install.crs.config.SCANClientDataFile= oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanName=db-cluster-scan oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanPort=1521 oracle.install.crs.config.ClusterConfiguration=STANDALONE oracle.install.crs.config.configureAsExtendedCluster=false oracle.install.crs.config.memberClusterManifestFile= oracle.install.crs.config.clusterName=db-cluster oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.configureGNS=false oracle.install.crs.config.autoConfigureClusterNodeVIP=false oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsOption= oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsClientDataFile= oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsSubDomain= oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsVIPAddress= oracle.install.crs.config.sites= oracle.install.crs.config.clusterNodes= oracle.install.crs.config.networkInterfaceList= oracle.install.crs.configureGIMR=false oracle.install.asm.configureGIMRDataDG=false oracle.install.crs.config.storageOption= oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.votingDiskLocations= oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.ocrLocations= oracle.install.crs.config.useIPMI=false oracle.install.crs.config.ipmi.bmcUsername= oracle.install.crs.config.ipmi.bmcPassword= oracle.install.asm.SYSASMPassword=abcABC12 oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.name=DATA oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.redundancy=EXTERNAL oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.AUSize=4 oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.FailureGroups= oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.disksWithFailureGroupNames=/dev/sdb, oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.disks=/dev/sdb oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.quorumFailureGroupNames= oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.diskDiscoveryString=/dev/sd* oracle.install.asm.monitorPassword=abcABC12 oracle.install.asm.gimrDG.name= oracle.install.asm.gimrDG.redundancy= oracle.install.asm.gimrDG.AUSize=1 oracle.install.asm.gimrDG.FailureGroups= oracle.install.asm.gimrDG.disksWithFailureGroupNames= oracle.install.asm.gimrDG.disks= oracle.install.asm.gimrDG.quorumFailureGroupNames= oracle.install.asm.configureAFD=true oracle.install.crs.configureRHPS=false oracle.install.crs.config.ignoreDownNodes=false oracle.install.config.managementOption=NONE oracle.install.config.omsHost= oracle.install.config.omsPort=0 oracle.install.config.emAdminUser= oracle.install.config.emAdminPassword= oracle.install.crs.rootconfig.executeRootScript=true oracle.install.crs.rootconfig.configMethod=ROOT oracle.install.crs.rootconfig.sudoPath= oracle.install.crs.rootconfig.sudoUserName= oracle.install.crs.config.batchinfo= oracle.install.crs.app.applicationAddress= oracle.install.crs.deleteNode.nodes=如果使用AFD新特性，那么在安装之前，必须更改磁盘属主为grid用户，这里使用了两块磁盘：sdb和sdc，更改属主如下：
[root@db03 ~]# chown grid:oinstall /dev/sd{b,c}使用下面的命令进行安装配置：
[grid@db03 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME [grid@db03 grid]$ unzip /u02/software/19c/LINUX.x64_193000_grid_home.zip [grid@db03 grid]$ ./gridSetup.sh -silent -ignorePrereq -responseFile /tmp/grid.rsp响应文件里，默认只创建了一个data磁盘组，如果还需要创建其他的磁盘组，以FRA磁盘组为例，使用下面的命令：
[grid@db03 grid]$ asmca -silent -createDiskGroup -diskGroupName FRA -diskList /dev/sdc -redundancy EXTERNAL -autoLabel -au_size 4 -sysAsmPassword abcABC12 --更改资源ora.driver.afd的组为oinstall，默认为asmadmin。 [grid@db03 ~]$ crsctl modify resource ora.driver.afd -attr "ACL='owner:grid:rwx,pgrp:oinstall:r-x,other::r--,user:grid:r-x' " -init [grid@db03 ~]$ crsctl stat res ora.driver.afd -p|head -41.2 安装database组件
创建响应文件db.rsp，内容如下:
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0 oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID= oracle.install.db.ConfigureAsContainerDB=false oracle.install.db.config.PDBName= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=false oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.PDBADMIN= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=DEFAULT oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.omsHost= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.omsPort=0 oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.emAdminUser= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.emAdminPassword= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableRecovery=false oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation= oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation= oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup= oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=使用下面的命令开始安装：
[oracle@db03 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME [oracle@db03 db_1]$ unzip /u02/software/19c/LINUX.x64_193000_db_home.zip [oracle@db03 db_1]$ ./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -responseFile /tmp/db.rsp [root@db03 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/root.sh到此，整个19c的环境搭建完毕。
二、迁移准备工作
注意：新旧环境的数据库实例名必须保持一致。
2.1 创建参数文件
使用18c的spfile创建pfile，并复制到19c的目录。
SQL> create pfile='/tmp/initcdb.ora' from spfile; [oracle@db01 ~]$ scp /tmp/initcdb.ora db03:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs2.2 拷贝密码文件
将18c的密码参数文件复制到19c的目录。
[oracle@db01 ~]$ scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwcdb db03:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs2.3 创建adump目录
必须创建19c的adumo文件夹，否则使用pfile初次启动实例会报错。
[oracle@db03 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/cdb/adump2.4 备份18c数据库
[oracle@db01 ~]$ rman target / run { allocate channel c1 device type disk; backup database format '/u02/orabak/rhndb_%U'; sql 'alter system archive log current'; backup format '/u02/orabak/%d_arch_%s_%p_%h' archivelog all delete all input; backup format '/u02/orabak/controlfile_%d_%s_%p' current controlfile; release channel c1; }备份后的文件名如下图所示:
三、正式迁移过程
整个过程就是一个异机恢复过程。只不过在恢复完成后，要以upgrade方式打开数据库，完成后续升级操作。
3.1 恢复控制文件
[oracle@db03 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sun May 5 15:47:32 2019
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database (not started)
RMAN> set dbid 2122265785
executing command: SET DBID
RMAN> startup nomount;
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 4294965360 bytes
Fixed Size 9144432 bytes
Variable Size 771751936 bytes
Database Buffers 3506438144 bytes
Redo Buffers 7630848 bytes
RMAN> restore controlfile from '/u02/orabak/controlfile_CDB_19_1';
Starting restore at 05-MAY-2019 15:48:12
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=773 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
output file name=+DATA/CDB/CONTROLFILE/current.257.1007480897
output file name=+FRA/CDB/CONTROLFILE/current.256.1007480897
Finished restore at 05-MAY-2019 15:48:19
RMAN> alter database mount;
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
Statement processed3.2 创建spfile并注册资源
RMAN> create spfile='+data/cdb/spfilecdb.ora' from pfile;
Statement processed
[oracle@db03 ~]$ srvctl add database -db cdb -oraclehome /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1 -pwfile $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwcdb -spfile '+DATA/CDB/spfilecdb.ora' -dbname cdb -diskgroup data,fra
[oracle@db03 ~]$ echo 'SPFILE='+DATA/CDB/spfilecdb.ora'' >$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initcdb.ora3.3 恢复整个数据库
--在rman中运行如下命令进行全库恢复
run {
allocate channel c1 device type disk;
restore database;
recover database;
release channel c1;
}恢复完成后，以upgrade方式打开数据库并向temp表空间添加数据文件：
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs upgrade;
RMAN> alter tablespace temp add tempfile '+data' size 50M autoextend on next 100m maxsize unlimited;3.4 执行dbupgrade进行升级操作
[oracle@db03 ~]$ dbupgrade -u sys
Argument list for [/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catctl.pl]
For Oracle internal use only A = 0
Run in c = 0
Do not run in C = 0
Input Directory d = 0
Echo OFF e = 1
Simulate E = 0
Forced cleanup F = 0
Log Id i = 0
Child Process I = 0
Log Dir l = 0
Priority List Name L = 0
Upgrade Mode active M = 0
SQL Process Count n = 0
SQL PDB Process Count N = 0
Open Mode Normal o = 0
Start Phase p = 0
End Phase P = 0
Reverse Order r = 0
AutoUpgrade Resume R = 0
Script s = 0
Serial Run S = 0
RO User Tablespaces T = 0
Display Phases y = 0
Debug catcon.pm z = 0
Debug catctl.pl Z = 0
catctl.pl VERSION: [19.0.0.0.0]
STATUS: [Production]
BUILD: [RDBMS_19.3.0.0.0DBRU_LINUX.X64_190417]
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/orahome = [/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1]
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/bin/orabasehome = [/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1]
catctlGetOraBaseLogDir = [/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1]
Analyzing file /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catupgrd.sql
Log file directory = [/tmp/cfgtoollogs/upgrade20190505160915]
catcon::set_log_file_base_path: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/tmp/cfgtoollogs/upgrade20190505160915/catupgrd_catcon_44738.lst]
catcon::set_log_file_base_path: catcon: See [/tmp/cfgtoollogs/upgrade20190505160915/catupgrd*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon::set_log_file_base_path: catcon: See [/tmp/cfgtoollogs/upgrade20190505160915/catupgrd_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
Enter Password:
Number of Cpus = 4
Database Name = cdb
DataBase Version = 18.0.0.0.0
catcon::set_log_file_base_path: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/cdb/upgrade20190505160957/catupgrdcdbroot_catcon_44738.lst]
catcon::set_log_file_base_path: catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/cdb/upgrade20190505160957/catupgrdcdbroot*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon::set_log_file_base_path: catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/cdb/upgrade20190505160957/catupgrdcdbroot_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
Log file directory = [/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/cdb/upgrade20190505160957]
Parallel SQL Process Count (PDB) = 2
Parallel SQL Process Count (CDB$ROOT) = 4
Concurrent PDB Upgrades = 2
Generated PDB Inclusion:[PDB$SEED RHNDB SPWDB]
Components in [CDB$ROOT]
Installed [APS CATALOG CATJAVA CATPROC CONTEXT DV JAVAVM OLS ORDIM OWM SDO XDB XML XOQ]
Not Installed [APEX EM MGW ODM RAC WK]
......
Grand Total Time: 2468s [SPWDB]
LOG FILES: (/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/cdb/upgrade20190505160957/catupgrdspwdb*.log)
Upgrade Summary Report Located in:
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/cdb/upgrade20190505160957/upg_summary.log
Time: 1992s For CDB$ROOT
Time: 4505s For PDB(s)
Grand Total Time: 6497s
LOG FILES: (/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/cdb/upgrade20190505160957/catupgrdcdbroot*.log)
Upgrade Summary Report Located in:
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/cdb/upgrade20190505160957/upg_summary.log
Grand Total Upgrade Time: [0d:1h:48m:17s]如果源库中存在多个pdb，那么这个升级过程会比较耗时。
接着运行以下两个脚本：
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup upgrade
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlirp.sql
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql升级完成后，可以验证所有的组件以升级到19.0.0.0版本,如下图所示：
col comp_name for a40
set wrap off
set pagesize 999
select comp_name,version, status from dba_registry;转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/candon123/2389712