Java爬虫爬取 天猫 淘宝 京东 搜索页和 商品详情

Java爬虫爬取 天猫 淘宝 京东 搜索页和 商品详情

先识别商品url,区分平台提取商品编号,再根据平台带着商品编号爬取数据。

1.导包


    
      org.apache.poi
      poi-ooxml
      3.10-FINAL
    
    
      org.apache.httpcomponents
      httpclient
      4.5.3
    
    
      org.jsoup
      jsoup
      1.11.3
    
    
    
      org.projectlombok
      lombok
      provided
    

2.封装返回类型和常量

引入lombok 注入@Data 来避免写get set toString等重复代码

package java1024.xyz.vo;

import lombok.Data;

/**
 * @author xivin
 * @email [email protected]
 * @description
 * @date 2020/1/3
 */
@Data
public class UrlData {

    private int status;
    private String platform;
    private Long number;


}

package java1024.xyz.vo;

/**
* 常量接口
**/
public interface UrlConst {

    String taobaoUrlSign = "taobao.com";
    String tmallUrlSign = "tmall.com";
    String jingdongUrlSign = "jd.com";

    String TMALL_PRODUCT_DETAIL = "https://detail.tmall.com/item.htm?id=";
    String TAOBAO_PRODUCT_DETAIL = "https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?id=";
    String JD_PRODUCT_DETAIL = "https://item.jd.com/";
}

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import lombok.Data;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.sql.Timestamp;

/**
 * @author xivin
 * @email [email protected]
 * @description 商品实体类
 * @date 2020/1/3
 */
@Data
public class Product implements Serializable {

    private Long id;

    private Long number;

    private Float price;

    private Integer userId;

    private String url;

    private Integer platformId;

    private String title;

    private String describe;

    private Integer status;

    @JsonFormat( pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    private Timestamp createdAt;

    private Timestamp updatedAt;

}

3.前期工作做好后开始封装 识别url工具 UrlUtils.java

/**
 * @author xivin
 * @email [email protected]
 * @description
 * @date 2020/1/3
 */
public class UrlUtils {

    public static UrlData analyseUrl(String url) {

        UrlData urlData = new UrlData();
        try {

            // 判空
            if (StringUtils.isEmpty(url)) {
                urlData.setStatus(0);
                return urlData;
            }

            //天猫
            if (url.contains(UrlConst.tmallUrlSign)) {

                urlData.setPlatform(UrlConst.tmallUrlSign);
                String numberStr = "";

                /**
                 * 切分根路径 和 参数 如:
                 * https://detail.tmall.com/item.htm?spm=a220m.1000858.1000725.8.27832a99AfoD5W&id=604433373792
                 * 在 ?问号的地方切成两部分
                 *
                 */
                String[] roudAndParams = url.split("\\?");

                if (roudAndParams.length < 2) {
                    urlData.setStatus(0);
                    return urlData;
                }

                /**
                 * 获取 参数字符串,通过&切开多个参数,提取以 id=开头的即 商品id
                 */
                String paramStr =  roudAndParams[1];
                String[] params = paramStr.split("&");
                for (int i = 0;i < params.length; i++) {
                    if (params[i].startsWith("id=")) {
                        numberStr = params[i].split("id=")[1];
                        break;
                    }
                }

                if (StringUtils.isEmpty(numberStr)) {
                    urlData.setStatus(0);
                    return urlData;
                }

                Long number = new Long(numberStr);
                urlData.setStatus(1);
                urlData.setNumber(number);
                return urlData;

            }
            //淘宝
            else if (url.contains(UrlConst.taobaoUrlSign)) {

                urlData.setPlatform(UrlConst.taobaoUrlSign);
                String numberStr = "";

                /**
                 * 切分根路径 和 参数 如:
                 * https://detail.tmall.com/item.htm?spm=a220m.1000858.1000725.8.27832a99AfoD5W&id=604433373792
                 * 在 ?问号的地方切成两部分
                 *
                 */
                String[] roudAndParams = url.split("\\?");

                if (roudAndParams.length < 2) {
                    urlData.setStatus(0);
                    return urlData;
                }

                /**
                 * 获取 参数字符串,通过&切开多个参数,提取以 id=开头的即 商品id
                 */
                String paramStr =  roudAndParams[1];
                String[] params = paramStr.split("&");
                for (int i = 0;i < params.length; i++) {
                    if (params[i].startsWith("id=")) {
                        numberStr = params[i].split("id=")[1];
                        break;
                    }
                }

                if (StringUtils.isEmpty(numberStr)) {
                    urlData.setStatus(0);
                    return urlData;
                }

                Long number = new Long(numberStr);
                urlData.setStatus(1);
                urlData.setNumber(number);
                return urlData;
            }
            //其他
            else if (url.contains(UrlConst.jingdongUrlSign)) {

                urlData.setPlatform(UrlConst.jingdongUrlSign);
                String numberStr = "";
                String[] roudAndParams = url.split("jd\\.com/");

                if (roudAndParams.length < 2) {
                    urlData.setStatus(0);
                    return urlData;
                }

                String paramStr =  roudAndParams[1];
                String[] params = paramStr.split(".html");
                numberStr = params[0];

                if (StringUtils.isEmpty(numberStr)) {
                    urlData.setStatus(0);
                    return urlData;
                }

                Long number = new Long(numberStr);
                urlData.setStatus(1);
                urlData.setNumber(number);
                return urlData;
            }
            else {
                urlData.setStatus(0);
                return urlData;
            }
        }catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            urlData.setStatus(0);
            return urlData;
        }

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String tmallUrl = "https://detail.tmall.com/item.htm?spm=a220m.1000858.1000725.8.27832a99AfoD5W&id=604433373792&skuId=4233630160968&user_id=1776477331&cat_id=2&is_b=1&rn=2eff85a6a504024ee62222a0045d9ded";
        UrlData tmall = analyseUrl(tmallUrl);
        System.out.println("tmall = " + tmall);

        String taobaoUrl =  "https://s.taobao.com/search?spm=a230r.1.14.7.ade0695abTrJ6k&type=samestyle&app=i2i&rec_type=1&uniqpid=69915374&nid=604733501729";
        UrlData taobao = analyseUrl(taobaoUrl);
        System.out.println("taobao = " + taobao);

        String jdUrl = "https://item.jd.com/100004250098.html#none";
        UrlData jd = analyseUrl(jdUrl);
        System.out.println("jd = " + jd);

    }

}

4.爬取天猫方法

Java 爬虫说明:创建HttpClient,设置请求头,执行请求,解析相应!具体代码也有相应的解析

public Product soupTmallDetailById(Long number) {

        try {


            // 需要爬取商品信息的网站地址
            String url = "https://chaoshi.detail.tmall.com/item.htm?id=" + number;
            // 动态模拟请求数据
            CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
            // 模拟浏览器浏览(user-agent的值可以通过浏览器浏览,查看发出请求的头文件获取)
            httpGet.setHeader("user-agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.102 Safari/537.36");
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
            // 获取响应状态码
            int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            try {
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
                // 如果状态响应码为200,则获取html实体内容或者json文件
                if (statusCode == 200) {
                    String html = EntityUtils.toString(entity, Consts.UTF_8);
                    // 提取HTML得到商品信息结果
                    Document doc = null;
                    // doc获取整个页面的所有数据
                    doc = Jsoup.parse(html);
                    //输出doc可以看到所获取到的页面源代码
                  //System.out.println(doc);
                    // 通过浏览器查看商品页面的源代码,找到信息所在的div标签,再对其进行一步一步地解析
                    Element item = doc.select("div[class='tb-wrap']").get(0);
                    //Elements liList = ulList.select("div[class='product']");
                    // 循环liList的数据(具体获取的数据值还得看doc的页面源代码来获取,可能稍有变动)
                    //System.out.println("item = " + item);
                    Product product = new Product();
                    //for (Element item : ulList) {
                        // 商品ID
                    try {
                        product.setNumber(number);
                        product.setPlatformId(1);
                        //String id = item.select("div[class='tb-detail-hd']").select("h1").attr("data-spm");
                        String title = item.select("div[class='tb-detail-hd']").select("h1").text();
                        product.setTitle(title);
                        product.setUrl(UrlConst.TMALL_PRODUCT_DETAIL+number);

                        System.out.println("商品title:" + title);
                        //String priceStr = item.select("div[class='tm-price-panel']").select("div[class='tm-promo-type']").select("span[class='tm-price']").text();

                        return product;
                    }catch (Exception e) {
                        product.setId(0L);
                        product.setTitle("商品不存在");
                        return product;
                    }
                    // }
                }
            }catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                Product product = new Product();
                product.setId(0L);
                product.setTitle("商品不存在");
                return product;
            }

        }catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return null;
    }

5.爬取京东商品详情方法

public Product soupTaobaoDetailById(Long number) {

        try {

            // 需要爬取商品信息的网站地址
            String url = "https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?id=" + number;
            // 动态模拟请求数据
            CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
            // 模拟浏览器浏览(user-agent的值可以通过浏览器浏览,查看发出请求的头文件获取)
            httpGet.setHeader("user-agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.102 Safari/537.36");
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
            // 获取响应状态码
            int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            try {
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
                // 如果状态响应码为200,则获取html实体内容或者json文件
                if (statusCode == 200) {
                    String html = EntityUtils.toString(entity, Consts.UTF_8);
                    // 提取HTML得到商品信息结果
                    Document doc = null;
                    // doc获取整个页面的所有数据
                    doc = Jsoup.parse(html);
                    //输出doc可以看到所获取到的页面源代码
                    //System.out.println(doc);
                    // 通过浏览器查看商品页面的源代码,找到信息所在的div标签,再对其进行一步一步地解析
                    Element item = doc.select("div[class='tb-item-info-r']").get(0);
                    //Elements liList = ulList.select("div[class='product']");
                    // 循环liList的数据(具体获取的数据值还得看doc的页面源代码来获取,可能稍有变动)
                    //System.out.println("item = " + item);
                    Product product = new Product();
                    //for (Element item : ulList) {
                    // 商品ID
                    try {
                        product.setNumber(number);
                        product.setPlatformId(2);
                        //String id = item.select("div[class='tb-detail-hd']").select("h1").attr("data-spm");
                        String title = item.select("div[class='tb-title']").select("h3").text();
                        product.setTitle(title);
                        product.setUrl(UrlConst.TAOBAO_PRODUCT_DETAIL+number);

                        System.out.println("商品title:" + title);

                        return product;
                    }catch (Exception e) {
                        product.setId(0L);
                        product.setTitle("商品不存在");
                        return product;
                    }
                    // }
                }
            }catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                Product product = new Product();
                product.setId(0L);
                product.setTitle("商品不存在");
                return product;
            }

        }catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return null;
    }
    

6.天猫搜索功能

public List soupTaobaoByKeyWord(String keyword) {

        try {

            String input = "毛巾";
            // 需要爬取商品信息的网站地址 实际中把input改成 keyword
            String url = "https://list.tmall.com/search_product.htm?q=" + input;
            // 动态模拟请求数据
            CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
            // 模拟浏览器浏览(user-agent的值可以通过浏览器浏览,查看发出请求的头文件获取)
            httpGet.setHeader("user-agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.102 Safari/537.36");
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
            // 获取响应状态码
            int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            try {
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
                // 如果状态响应码为200,则获取html实体内容或者json文件
                if (statusCode == 200) {
                    String html = EntityUtils.toString(entity, Consts.UTF_8);
                    // 提取HTML得到商品信息结果
                    Document doc = null;
                    // doc获取整个页面的所有数据
                    doc = Jsoup.parse(html);
                    //输出doc可以看到所获取到的页面源代码
            //      System.out.println(doc);
                    // 通过浏览器查看商品页面的源代码,找到信息所在的div标签,再对其进行一步一步地解析
                    Elements ulList = doc.select("div[class='view grid-nosku']");
                    Elements liList = ulList.select("div[class='product']");
                    // 循环liList的数据(具体获取的数据值还得看doc的页面源代码来获取,可能稍有变动)
                    for (Element item : liList) {
                        // 商品ID
                        String id = item.select("div[class='product']").select("p[class='productStatus']").select("span[class='ww-light ww-small m_wangwang J_WangWang']").attr("data-item");
                        System.out.println("商品ID:" + id);
                        // 商品名称
                        String name = item.select("p[class='productTitle']").select("a").attr("title");
                        System.out.println("商品名称:" + name);
                        // 商品价格
                        String price = item.select("p[class='productPrice']").select("em").attr("title");
                        System.out.println("商品价格:" + price);
                        // 商品网址
                        String goodsUrl = item.select("p[class='productTitle']").select("a").attr("href");
                        System.out.println("商品网址:" + goodsUrl);
                        // 商品图片网址
                        String imgUrl = item.select("div[class='productImg-wrap']").select("a").select("img").attr("data-ks-lazyload");
                        System.out.println("商品图片网址:" + imgUrl);
                        System.out.println("------------------------------------");
                    }
                    // 消耗掉实体
                    EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());
                } else {
                    // 消耗掉实体
                    EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());
                }
            } finally {
                response.close();
            }
        }catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return null;

    }
    

7.利用爬虫技术完成的一个 商品历史价格记录网站 项目——值得吗?价格记录网站 github地址:https://github.com/xivinChen/zhi-de-ma

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