Ubuntu下使用GCC开发STM32的环境的搭建

注：从ubuntu linux下建立stm32开发环境: GCC安装以及工程Makefile建立转载。

1、 STM 32 GCC 安装

stm32 属于arm cortex-m系列thumb指令集,所以给arm用的arm-none-eabi就可以了,首先是下载，下载其中的gcc-arm-none-eabi-[版本号]-linux.tar.bz2，解压到你知道的目录会产生 gcc-arm-none-eabi的文件夹。

把该编译器添加到你的环境中:

1 sudo gedit  ~/.bashrc

在最后一行添加:

1 export PATH=$PATH:/your_stm_gcc_dir/gcc-arm-none-eabi-4_8-2013q4/bin

因为我之前有添加过树莓派的编译器了,所以实际上是这样的:

1 export PATH=$PATH:/your_pi_gcc_dir/tools-master/arm-bcm2708/arm-bcm2708hardfp-linux-gnueabi/bin/:/your_stm_gcc_dir/gcc-arm-none-eabi-4_8-2013q4/bin

两个编译器环境中间用冒号隔开;

注销后测试:

1 arm-none-eabi-gcc -v

可以查看到该编译器的版本,就表示可以了。

2、工程环境的建立

（1）新建个工程文件夹,及其目录

1 mkdir stm_project
2 cd stm_project
3 mkdir libs
4 mkdir src
5 mkdir inc

（2）可以下载官方固件库，也可以下载第三方固件库。

下载好固件库之后，解压在libs目录下。然后就是编译固件库。

需要在工程根目录下新建一个Make.common文件，此文件不管是在编译固件库、还是在编译源文件的时候都会用到。需要根据你的自己的情况修改其中两个变量的值：STMLIB和TypeOfMCU。

1	# include Makefile

2

3	#This file is included in the general Makefile, the libs Makefile and the src Makefile

4	#Different optimize settings for library and source files can be realized by using arguments

5	#Compiler optimize settings:

6	# -O0 no optimize, reduce compilation time and make debugging produce the expected results (default).

7	# -O1 optimize, reduce code size and execution time, without much increase of compilation time.

8	# -O2 optimize, reduce code execution time compared to ‘O1’, increase of compilation time.

9	# -O3 optimize, turns on all optimizations, further increase of compilation time.

10	# -Os optimize for size, enables all ‘-O2’ optimizations that do not typically increase code size and other code size optimizations.

11	#Recommended optimize settings for release version: -O3

12	#Recommended optimize settings for debug version: -O0

13	#Valid parameters :

14	# OptLIB=0 --> optimize library files using the -O0 setting

15	# OptLIB=1 --> optimize library files using the -O1 setting

16	# OptLIB=2 --> optimize library files using the -O2 setting

17	# OptLIB=3 --> optimize library files using the -O3 setting

18	# OptLIB=s --> optimize library files using the -Os setting

19	# OptSRC=0 --> optimize source files using the -O0 setting

20	# OptSRC=1 --> optimize source files using the -O1 setting

21	# OptSRC=2 --> optimize source files using the -O2 setting

22	# OptSRC=3 --> optimize source files using the -O3 setting

23	# OptSRC=s --> optimize source files using the -Os setting

24	# all --> build all

25	# libs --> build libs only

26	# src --> build src only

27	# clean --> clean project

28	# tshow --> show optimize settings

29

#Example:

30	# make OptLIB=3 OptSRC=0 all tshow

31

32	TOP=$(shell readlink -f "$(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))")

33	PROGRAM=main

34	LIBDIR=$(TOP)/libs

35

36	#Adust the following line to the library in use

37	#=========add by embbnux 根据你的库不同,调整这个地方的库目录地址====================#

38	STMLIB=$(LIBDIR)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Lib_V4.0.0/Libraries

39	#=========add by embbnux 根据你的stm32芯片型号容量不同,修改这个地方的TypeOfMCU=======#

40	#Adjust TypeOfMCU in use, see CMSIS file "stm32f10x.h"#STM32F103RBT (128KB FLASH, 20KB RAM) --> STM32F10X_MD#TypeOfMCU=STM32F10X_MD#STM32F103RET (512KB FLASH, 64KB RAM) --> STM32F10X_HD#STM32F103ZET (512KB FLASH, 64KB RAM) --> STM32F10X_HD

41	#============================================================================#

42	TypeOfMCU=STM32F10X_HD

43	#============================================================================#

44	TC=arm-none-eabi

45	CC=$(TC)-gcc

46	LD=$(TC)-ld -v

47	OBJCOPY=$(TC)-objcopy

48	AR=$(TC)-ar

49	GDB=$(TC)-gdb

50	INCLUDE=-I$(TOP)/inc

51	INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Include

52	INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Include

53	INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Source/Templates

54	INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/inc

55	INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Driver/inc

56	COMMONFLAGS=-g -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb

57	COMMONFLAGSlib=$(COMMONFLAGS)

58	#Commands for general Makefile and src Makefile

59	ifeq ($(OptSRC),0)

60	COMMONFLAGS+=-O0

61	InfoTextSrc=src (no optimize, -O0)

62	else ifeq ($(OptSRC),1)

63	COMMONFLAGS+=-O1

64	InfoTextSrc=src (optimize time+ size+, -O1)

65	else ifeq ($(OptSRC),2)

66	COMMONFLAGS+=-O2

67	InfoTextSrc=src (optimize time++ size+, -O2)

68	else ifeq ($(OptSRC),s)

69	COMMONFLAGS+=-Os

70	InfoTextSrc=src (optimize size++, -Os)

71

else

72	COMMONFLAGS+=-O3

73	InfoTextSrc=src (full optimize, -O3)

74

endif

75	CFLAGS+=$(COMMONFLAGS) -Wall -Werror $(INCLUDE)

76	CFLAGS+=-D $(TypeOfMCU)

77	CFLAGS+=-D VECT_TAB_FLASH

78

79	#Commands for libs Makefile

80	ifeq ($(OptLIB),0)

81	COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O0

82	InfoTextLib=libs (no optimize, -O0)

83	else ifeq ($(OptLIB),1)

84	COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O1

85	InfoTextLib=libs (optimize time+ size+, -O1)

86	else ifeq ($(OptLIB),2)

87	COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O2

88	InfoTextLib=libs (optimize time++ size+, -O2)

89	else ifeq ($(OptLIB),s)

90	COMMONFLAGSlib+=-Os

91	InfoTextLib=libs (optimize size++, -Os)

92

else

93	COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O3

94	InfoTextLib=libs (full optimize, -O3)

95

endif

96	CFLAGSlib+=$(COMMONFLAGSlib) -Wall -Werror $(INCLUDE)

97	CFLAGSlib+=-D $(TypeOfMCU)

98	CFLAGSlib+=-D VECT_TAB_FLASH

然后在libs目录下新建Makefile文件，用于编译固件库。其中牵涉到路径的问题要根据个人的情况进行修改。

1	# libs Makefile

2	include ../Makefile.common

3	LIBS+=libstm32.a

4	CFLAGSlib+=-c

5

6

all: libs

7

8	libs: $(LIBS)

9

10	libstm32.a:

11	@echo -n "Building $@ ..."

12	@cd $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Source/Templates && \

13	$(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) \

14	system_stm32f10x.c

15	@cd $(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src && \

16	$(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) \

17	-D"assert_param(expr)=((void)0)" \

18	-I../../CMSIS/Include \

19	-I../../CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Include \

20	-I../inc \

21

*.c

22	# @cd $(STMLIB)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Driver/src && \

23	# $(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) \

24	# -D"assert_param(expr)=((void)0)" \

25	# -I../../CMSIS/Include \

26	# -I../../CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Include \

27	# -I../inc \

28

# *.c

29	@$(AR) cr $(LIBDIR)/$@ \

30	$(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Source/Templates/system_stm32f10x.o \

31	$(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src/*.o \

32	# $(STMLIB)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Driver/src/*.o

33	@echo "done."

34	.PHONY: libs clean tshow

35

36

clean:

37	rm -f $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Source/Templates/system_stm32f10x.o

38	rm -f $(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src/*.o

39	rm -f $(STMLIB)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Driver/src/*.o

40	rm -f $(LIBS)

41

tshow:

42	@echo "######################################################################################################"

43	@echo "################# optimize settings: $(InfoTextLib), $(InfoTextSrc)"

44	@echo "######################################################################################################"

编译该库：

1 make clean
2 make

就会在lib目录下生成libstm32.a,这个就是编译好的静态库了。

（3）建立工程编译ld文件

这个ld文件，在编译时告诉编译器把代码放到什么地址，根据芯片的内存以及flash容量不同有所调整。

在工程根目录下新建linker.ld文件

代码较长,请到我的资源里面下载,或者查看参考pdf里面的:http://download.csdn.net/detail/canyue102/6778837

这里说明需要修改的地方,根据芯片型号不同,选择相应的RAM FLASH大小。

1

MEMORY {

2	/*Adust LENGTH to RAMsize of target MCU:*/

3	/*STM32F103RBT --> 20K*/

4	/*RAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000 , LENGTH = 20K*/

5	/*STM32F103RET --> 64K*/

6	/*STM32F103ZET --> 64K*/

7	RAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000 , LENGTH = 64K

8	EXTSRAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x68000000 , LENGTH = 0

9	/*Adust LENGTH to (FLASHsize - FeePROMsize) of target MCU:*/

10	/*STM32F103RBT --> 126K*/

11	FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 126K

12	/*STM32F103RET --> 508K*/

13	/*FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 508K*/

14	/*STM32F103ZET --> 508K*/

15	FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 508K

16	/*Adust ORIGIN to (0x08000000 + (FLASHsize-FeePROMsize)) of target MCU*/

17	/*and adust LENGTH to FeePROMsize allocated:*/

18	/*STM32F103RBT --> 0x08000000+126K, 2K*/

19	EEMUL (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000+126K, LENGTH = 2K

20	/*STM32F103RET --> 0x08000000+508K, 4K*/

21	/*EEMUL (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000+508K, LENGTH = 4K*/

22

}

在工程根目录下新建Makefile文件:

# general Makefile

2

3	include Makefile.common

4	LDFLAGS=$(COMMONFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -L$(LIBDIR) -nostartfiles -Wl,--gc-sections,-Tlinker.ld

5

6