MySQL8.0中的关键字与保留字
在使用MySQL时，有时不小心会将MySQL的关键字设置为表的字段，在进行数据插入的时候总是提示SQL有问题。如果将MySQL中的关键字与保留字设置为表字段时，解决方法为给关键字加上反引号 " `" 。
注意是 反引号 **反引号 ** 反引号 输入法切换到英文状态下，键盘上Esc键下面，数字键1左边，Tab键上面那个键。
当然最好还是在建表的时候尽量避免关键字，因本人使用的是MySQL8，以下为MySQL8中的关键字与保留字。
官网地址:https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/keywords.html
MySQL 8.0中的关键字和保留词，以及各个词在版本之间的更改。保留的关键字标有（R）。另外，_FILENAME是保留的
| ACCESSIBLE ® | ACCOUNT | ACTION |
|---|---|---|
| ACTIVE; added in 8.0.14 (nonreserved) | ADD ® | ADMIN; became nonreserved in 8.0.12 |
| AFTER | AGAINST | AGGREGATE |
| ALGORITHM | ALL ® | ALTER ® |
| ALWAYS | ANALYSE; removed in 8.0.1 | ANALYZE ® |
| AND ® | ANY | ARRAY; added in 8.0.17 (reserved); became nonreserved in 8.0.19 |
| AS ® | ASC ® | ASCII |
| ASENSITIVE ® | AT | ATTRIBUTE; added in 8.0.21 (nonreserved) |
| AUTOEXTEND_SIZE | AUTO_INCREMENT | AVG |
| AVG_ROW_LENGTH | BACKUP | BEFORE ® |
| BEGIN | BETWEEN ® | BIGINT ® |
| BINARY ® | BINLOG | BIT |
| BLOB ® | BLOCK | BOOL |
| BOOLEAN | BOTH ® | BTREE |
| BUCKETS; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) | BY ® | BYTE |
| CACHE | CALL ® | CASCADE ® |
| CASCADED | CASE ® | CATALOG_NAME |
| CHAIN | CHANGE ® | CHANGED |
| CHANNEL | CHAR ® | CHARACTER ® |
| CHARSET | CHECK ® | CHECKSUM |
| CIPHER | CLASS_ORIGIN | CLIENT |
| CLONE; added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) | CLOSE | COALESCE |
| CODE | COLLATE ® | COLLATION |
| COLUMN ® | COLUMNS | COLUMN_FORMAT |
| COLUMN_NAME | COMMENT | COMMIT |
| COMMITTED | COMPACT | COMPLETION |
| COMPONENT | COMPRESSED | COMPRESSION |
| CONCURRENT | CONDITION ® | CONNECTION |
| CONSISTENT | CONSTRAINT ® | CONSTRAINT_CATALOG |
| CONSTRAINT_NAME | CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA | CONTAINS |
| CONTEXT | CONTINUE ® | CONVERT ® |
| CPU | CREATE ® | CROSS ® |
| CUBE ®; became reserved in 8.0.1 | CUME_DIST ®; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | CURRENT |
| CURRENT_DATE ® | CURRENT_TIME ® | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ® |
| CURRENT_USER ® | CURSOR ® | CURSOR_NAME |
| DATA | DATABASE ® | DATABASES ® |
| DATAFILE | DATE | DATETIME |
| DAY | DAY_HOUR ® | DAY_MICROSECOND ® |
| DAY_MINUTE ® | DAY_SECOND ® | DEALLOCATE |
| DEC ® | DECIMAL ® | DECLARE ® |
| DEFAULT ® | DEFAULT_AUTH | DEFINER |
| DEFINITION; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) | DELAYED ® | DELAY_KEY_WRITE |
| DELETE ® | DENSE_RANK ®; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | DESC ® |
| DESCRIBE ® | DESCRIPTION; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) | DES_KEY_FILE; removed in 8.0.3 |
| DETERMINISTIC ® | DIAGNOSTICS | DIRECTORY |
| DISABLE | DISCARD | DISK |
| DISTINCT ® | DISTINCTROW ® | DIV ® |
| DO | DOUBLE ® | DROP ® |
| DUAL ® | DUMPFILE | DUPLICATE |
| DYNAMIC | EACH ® | ELSE ® |
| ELSEIF ® | EMPTY ®; added in 8.0.4 (reserved) | ENABLE |
| ENCLOSED ® | ENCRYPTION | END |
| ENDS | ENFORCED; added in 8.0.16 (nonreserved) | ENGINE |
| ENGINES | ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE; added in 8.0.21 (nonreserved) | ENUM |
| ERROR | ERRORS | ESCAPE |
| ESCAPED ® | EVENT | EVENTS |
| EVERY | EXCEPT ® | EXCHANGE |
| EXCLUDE; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) | EXECUTE | EXISTS ® |
| EXIT ® | EXPANSION | EXPIRE |
| EXPLAIN ® | EXPORT | EXTENDED |
| EXTENT_SIZE | FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS; added in 8.0.19 (nonreserved) | FALSE ® |
| FAST | FAULTS | FETCH ® |
| FIELDS | FILE | FILE_BLOCK_SIZE |
| FILTER | FIRST | FIRST_VALUE ®; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) |
| FIXED | FLOAT ® | FLOAT4 ® |
| FLOAT8 ® | FLUSH | FOLLOWING; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) |
| FOLLOWS | FOR ® | FORCE ® |
| FOREIGN ® | FORMAT | FOUND |
| FROM ® | FULL | FULLTEXT ® |
| FUNCTION ®; became reserved in 8.0.1 | GENERAL | GENERATED ® |
| GEOMCOLLECTION; added in 8.0.11 (nonreserved) | GEOMETRY | GEOMETRYCOLLECTION |
| GET ® | GET_FORMAT | GET_MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY; added in 8.0.4 (reserved); became nonreserved in 8.0.11 |
| GLOBAL | GRANT ® | GRANTS |
| GROUP ® | GROUPING ®; added in 8.0.1 (reserved) | GROUPS ®; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) |
| GROUP_REPLICATION | HANDLER | HASH |
| HAVING ® | HELP | HIGH_PRIORITY ® |
| HISTOGRAM; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) | HISTORY; added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) | HOST |
| HOSTS | HOUR | HOUR_MICROSECOND ® |
| HOUR_MINUTE ® | HOUR_SECOND ® | IDENTIFIED |
| IF ® | IGNORE ® | IGNORE_SERVER_IDS |
| IMPORT | IN ® | INACTIVE; added in 8.0.14 (nonreserved) |
| INDEX ® | INDEXES | INFILE ® |
| INITIAL_SIZE | INNER ® | INOUT ® |
| INSENSITIVE ® | INSERT ® | INSERT_METHOD |
| INSTALL | INSTANCE | INT ® |
| INT1 ® | INT2 ® | INT3 ® |
| INT4 ® | INT8 ® | INTEGER ® |
| INTERVAL ® | INTO ® | INVISIBLE |
| INVOKER | IO | IO_AFTER_GTIDS ® |
| IO_BEFORE_GTIDS ® | IO_THREAD | IPC |
| IS ® | ISOLATION | ISSUER |
| ITERATE ® | JOIN ® | JSON |
| JSON_TABLE ®; added in 8.0.4 (reserved) | JSON_VALUE; added in 8.0.21 (nonreserved) | KEY ® |
| KEYS ® | KEY_BLOCK_SIZE | KILL ® |
| LAG ®; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | LANGUAGE | LAST |
| LAST_VALUE ®; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | LATERAL ®; added in 8.0.14 (reserved) | LEAD ®; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) |
| LEADING ® | LEAVE ® | LEAVES |
| LEFT ® | LESS | LEVEL |
| LIKE ® | LIMIT ® | LINEAR ® |
| LINES ® | LINESTRING | LIST |
| LOAD ® | LOCAL | LOCALTIME ® |
| LOCALTIMESTAMP ® | LOCK ® | LOCKED; added in 8.0.1 (nonreserved) |
| LOCKS | LOGFILE | LOGS |
| LONG ® | LONGBLOB ® | LONGTEXT ® |
| LOOP ® | LOW_PRIORITY ®MMANAGED; added in 8.0.22 (nonreserved) | MASTER |
| MASTER_AUTO_POSITION | MASTER_BIND ® | MASTER_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHMS; added in 8.0.18 (nonreserved) |
| MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY | MASTER_DELAY | MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD |
| MASTER_HOST | MASTER_LOG_FILE | MASTER_LOG_POS |
| MASTER_PASSWORD | MASTER_PORT | MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY_PATH; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) |
| MASTER_RETRY_COUNT | MASTER_SERVER_ID | MASTER_SSL |
| MASTER_SSL_CA | MASTER_SSL_CAPATH | MASTER_SSL_CERT |
| MASTER_SSL_CIPHER | MASTER_SSL_CRL | MASTER_SSL_CRLPATH |
| MASTER_SSL_KEY | MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT ® | MASTER_TLS_CIPHERSUITES; added in 8.0.19 (nonreserved) |
| MASTER_TLS_VERSION | MASTER_USER | MASTER_ZSTD_COMPRESSION_LEVEL; added in 8.0.18 (nonreserved) |
| MATCH ® | MAXVALUE ® | MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR |
| MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR | MAX_ROWS | MAX_SIZE |
| MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR | MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS | MEDIUM |
| MEDIUMBLOB ® | MEDIUMINT ® | MEDIUMTEXT ® |
| MEMBER; added in 8.0.17 (reserved); became nonreserved in 8.0.19 | MEMORY | MERGE |
| MESSAGE_TEXT | MICROSECOND | MIDDLEINT ® |
| MIGRATE | MINUTE | MINUTE_MICROSECOND ® |
| MINUTE_SECOND ® | MIN_ROWS | MOD ® |
| MODE | MODIFIES ® | MODIFY |
| MONTH | MULTILINESTRING | MULTIPOINT |
| MULTIPOLYGON | MUTEX | MYSQL_ERRNONNAME |
| NAMES | NATIONAL | NATURAL ® |
| NCHAR | NDB | NDBCLUSTER |
| NESTED; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) | NETWORK_NAMESPACE; added in 8.0.16 (nonreserved) | NEVER |
| NEW | NEXT | NO |
| NODEGROUP | NONE | NOT ® |
| NOWAIT; added in 8.0.1 (nonreserved) | NO_WAIT | NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG ® |
| NTH_VALUE ®; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | NTILE ®; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | NULL ® |
| NULLS; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) | NUMBER | NUMERIC ® |
| NVARCHAROOF ®; added in 8.0.1 (reserved) | OFF; added in 8.0.20 (nonreserved) | OFFSET |
| OJ; added in 8.0.16 (nonreserved) | OLD; added in 8.0.14 (nonreserved) | ON ® |
| ONE | ONLY | OPEN |
| OPTIMIZE ® | OPTIMIZER_COSTS ® | OPTION ® |
| OPTIONAL; added in 8.0.13 (nonreserved) | OPTIONALLY ® | OPTIONS |
| OR ® | ORDER ® | ORDINALITY; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) |
| ORGANIZATION; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) | OTHERS; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) | OUT ® |
| OUTER ® | OUTFILE ® | OVER ®; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) |
| OWNERPPACK_KEYS | PAGE | PARSER |
| PARTIAL | PARTITION ® | PARTITIONING |
| PARTITIONS | PASSWORD | PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME; added in 8.0.19 (nonreserved) |
| PATH; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) | PERCENT_RANK ®; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | PERSIST; became nonreserved in 8.0.16 |
| PERSIST_ONLY; added in 8.0.2 (reserved); became nonreserved in 8.0.16 | PHASE | PLUGIN |
| PLUGINS | PLUGIN_DIR | POINT |
| POLYGON | PORT | PRECEDES |
| PRECEDING; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) | PRECISION ® | PREPARE |
| PRESERVE | PREV | PRIMARY ® |
| PRIVILEGES | PRIVILEGE_CHECKS_USER; added in 8.0.18 (nonreserved) | PROCEDURE ® |
| PROCESS; added in 8.0.11 (nonreserved) | PROCESSLIST | PROFILE |
| PROFILES | PROXY | PURGE ®QQUARTER |
| QUERY | QUICKRRANDOM; added in 8.0.18 (nonreserved) | RANGE ® |
| RANK ®; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | READ ® | READS ® |
| READ_ONLY | READ_WRITE ® | REAL ® |
| REBUILD | RECOVER | RECURSIVE ®; added in 8.0.1 (reserved) |
| REDOFILE; removed in 8.0.3 | REDO_BUFFER_SIZE | REDUNDANT |
| REFERENCE; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) | REFERENCES ® | REGEXP ® |
| RELAY | RELAYLOG | RELAY_LOG_FILE |
| RELAY_LOG_POS | RELAY_THREAD | RELEASE ® |
| RELOAD | REMOTE; added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved); removed in 8.0.14 | REMOVE |
| RENAME ® | REORGANIZE | REPAIR |
| REPEAT ® | REPEATABLE | REPLACE ® |
| REPLICATE_DO_DB | REPLICATE_DO_TABLE | REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB |
| REPLICATE_IGNORE_TABLE | REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB | REPLICATE_WILD_DO_TABLE |
| REPLICATE_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE | REPLICATION | REQUIRE ® |
| REQUIRE_ROW_FORMAT; added in 8.0.19 (nonreserved) | RESET | RESIGNAL ® |
| RESOURCE; added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) | RESPECT; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) | RESTART; added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) |
| RESTORE | RESTRICT ® | RESUME |
| RETAIN; added in 8.0.14 (nonreserved) | RETURN ® | RETURNED_SQLSTATE |
| RETURNING; added in 8.0.21 (nonreserved) | RETURNS | REUSE; added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) |
| REVERSE | REVOKE ® | RIGHT ® |
| RLIKE ® | ROLE; became nonreserved in 8.0.1 | ROLLBACK |
| ROLLUP | ROTATE | ROUTINE |
| ROW ®; became reserved in 8.0.2 | ROWS ®; became reserved in 8.0.2 | ROW_COUNT |
| ROW_FORMAT | ROW_NUMBER ®; added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | RTREE |
| SAVEPOINT | SCHEDULE | SCHEMA ® |
| SCHEMAS ® | SCHEMA_NAME | SECOND |
| SECONDARY; added in 8.0.16 (nonreserved) | SECONDARY_ENGINE; added in 8.0.13 (nonreserved) | SECONDARY_ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE; added in 8.0.21 (nonreserved) |
| SECONDARY_LOAD; added in 8.0.13 (nonreserved) | SECONDARY_UNLOAD; added in 8.0.13 (nonreserved) | SECOND_MICROSECOND ® |
| SECURITY | SELECT ® | SENSITIVE ® |
| SEPARATOR ® | SERIAL | SERIALIZABLE |
| SERVER | SESSION | SET ® |
| SHARE | SHOW ® | SHUTDOWN |
| SIGNAL ® | SIGNED | SIMPLE |
| SKIP; added in 8.0.1 (nonreserved) | SLAVE | SLOW |
| SMALLINT ® | SNAPSHOT | SOCKET |
| SOME | SONAME | SOUNDS |
| SOURCE | SPATIAL ® | SPECIFIC ® |
| SQL ® | SQLEXCEPTION ® | SQLSTATE ® |
| SQLWARNING ® | SQL_AFTER_GTIDS | SQL_AFTER_MTS_GAPS |
| SQL_BEFORE_GTIDS | SQL_BIG_RESULT ® | SQL_BUFFER_RESULT |
| SQL_CACHE; removed in 8.0.3 | SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS ® | SQL_NO_CACHE |
| SQL_SMALL_RESULT ® | SQL_THREAD | SQL_TSI_DAY |
| SQL_TSI_HOUR | SQL_TSI_MINUTE | SQL_TSI_MONTH |
| SQL_TSI_QUARTER | SQL_TSI_SECOND | SQL_TSI_WEEK |
| SQL_TSI_YEAR | SRID; added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) | SSL ® |
| STACKED | START | STARTING ® |
| STARTS | STATS_AUTO_RECALC | STATS_PERSISTENT |
| STATS_SAMPLE_PAGES | STATUS | STOP |
| STORAGE | STORED ® | STRAIGHT_JOIN ® |
| STREAM; added in 8.0.20 (nonreserved) | STRING | SUBCLASS_ORIGIN |
| SUBJECT | SUBPARTITION | SUBPARTITIONS |
| SUPER | SUSPEND | SWAPS |
| SWITCHES | SYSTEM ®; added in 8.0.3 (reserved) | TABLE ® |
| TABLES | TABLESPACE | TABLE_CHECKSUM |
| TABLE_NAME | TEMPORARY | TEMPTABLE |
| TERMINATED ® | TEXT | THAN |
| THEN ® | THREAD_PRIORITY; added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) | TIES; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) |
| TIME | TIMESTAMP | TIMESTAMPADD |
| TIMESTAMPDIFF | TINYBLOB ® | TINYINT ® |
| TINYTEXT ® | TLS; added in 8.0.21 (nonreserved) | TO ® |
| TRAILING ® | TRANSACTION | TRIGGER ® |
| TRIGGERS | TRUE ® | TRUNCATE |
| TYPE | TYPES | UNBOUNDED; added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) |
| UNCOMMITTED | UNDEFINED | UNDO ® |
| UNDOFILE | UNDO_BUFFER_SIZE | UNICODE |
| UNINSTALL | UNION ® | UNIQUE ® |
| UNKNOWN | UNLOCK ® | UNSIGNED ® |
| UNTIL | UPDATE ® | UPGRADE |
| USAGE ® | USE ® | USER |
| USER_RESOURCES | USE_FRM | USING ® |
| UTC_DATE ® | UTC_TIME ® | UTC_TIMESTAMP ® |
| VALIDATION | VALUE | VALUES ® |
| VARBINARY ® | VARCHAR ® | VARCHARACTER ® |
| VARIABLES | VARYING ® | VCPU; added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) |
| VIEW | VIRTUAL ® | VISIBLE |
| WAIT | WARNINGS | WEEK |
| WEIGHT_STRING | WHEN ® | WHERE ® |
| WHILE ® | WINDOW ® added in 8.0.2 (reserved) | WITH ® |
| WITHOUT | WORK | WRAPPER |
| WRITE ® | X509 | XA |
| XID | XML | XOR ® |
| YEAR | YEAR_MONTH ® | ZEROFILL ® |
与MySQL5.7相比MySQL8中添加的关键字和保留字，保留的关键字标有®
| ACTIVE | ADMIN | ARRAY |
|---|---|---|
| ATTRIBUTE | BUCKETS | CLONE |
| COMPONENT | CUME_DIST ® | DEFINITION |
| DENSE_RANK ® | DESCRIPTION | EMPTY ® |
| ENFORCED | ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE | EXCEPT ® |
| EXCLUDE | FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS | FIRST_VALUE ® |
| FOLLOWING | GEOMCOLLECTION | GET_MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY |
| GROUPING ® | GROUPS ® | HISTOGRAM |
| HISTORY | INACTIVE | INVISIBLE |
| JSON_TABLE ® | JSON_VALUE | LAG ® |
| LAST_VALUE ® | LATERAL ® | LEAD ® |
| LOCKED | MANAGED | MASTER_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHMS |
| MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY_PATH | MASTER_TLS_CIPHERSUITES | MASTER_ZSTD_COMPRESSION_LEVEL |
| MEMBER | NESTED | NETWORK_NAMESPACE |
| NOWAIT | NTH_VALUE ® | NTILE ® |
| NULLS | OF ® | OFF |
| OJ | OLD | OPTIONAL |
| ORDINALITY | ORGANIZATION | OTHERS |
| OVER ® | PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME | PATH |
| PERCENT_RANK ® | PERSIST | PERSIST_ONLY |
| PRECEDING | PRIVILEGE_CHECKS_USER | PROCESS |
| RANDOM | RANK ® | RECURSIVE ® |
| REFERENCE | REQUIRE_ROW_FORMAT | RESOURCE |
| RESPECT | RESTART | RETAIN |
| RETURNING | REUSE | ROLE |
| ROW_NUMBER ® | SECONDARY | SECONDARY_ENGINE |
| SECONDARY_ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE | SECONDARY_LOAD | SECONDARY_UNLOAD |
| SKIP | SRID | STREAM |
| SYSTEM ® | THREAD_PRIORITY | TIES |
| TLS | UNBOUNDED | VCPU |
| VISIBLE | WINDOW ® |