linux搭建stm32开发环境

下载stm32固件库

创建目录
libs目录放stm32固件库，src放用户源码，inc放用户头文件

# mkdir libs src inc

复制文件
将STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Lib_V3.5.0复制到libs目录下

创建Makefile.common
在主目录下创建Makefile.common文件，这个是通用Makefile文件

#This file is included in the general Makefile, the libs Makefile and the src Makefile  
#Different optimize settings for library and source files can be realized by using arguments  
#Compiler optimize settings:  
# -O0 no optimize, reduce compilation time and make debugging produce the expected results (default).  
# -O1 optimize, reduce code size and execution time, without much increase of compilation time.  
# -O2 optimize, reduce code execution time compared to ‘O1’, increase of compilation time.  
# -O3 optimize, turns on all optimizations, further increase of compilation time.  
# -Os optimize for size, enables all ‘-O2’ optimizations that do not typically increase code size and other code size optimizations.  
#Recommended optimize settings for release version: -O3  
#Recommended optimize settings for debug version: -O0  
#Valid parameters :  
# OptLIB=0 --> optimize library files using the -O0 setting  
# OptLIB=1 --> optimize library files using the -O1 setting  
# OptLIB=2 --> optimize library files using the -O2 setting  
# OptLIB=3 --> optimize library files using the -O3 setting  
# OptLIB=s --> optimize library files using the -Os setting  
# OptSRC=0 --> optimize source files using the -O0 setting  
# OptSRC=1 --> optimize source files using the -O1 setting  
# OptSRC=2 --> optimize source files using the -O2 setting  
# OptSRC=3 --> optimize source files using the -O3 setting  
# OptSRC=s --> optimize source files using the -Os setting  

TOP=$(shell readlink -f "$(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))")
PROGRAM=main
LIBDIR=$(TOP)/libs

#Adust the following line to the library in use  
STMLIB=$(LIBDIR)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Lib_V3.5.0/Libraries
#Adjust TypeOfMCU in use, see CMSIS file "stm32f10x.h"
#STM32F103RBT (128KB FLASH, 20KB RAM) --> STM32F10X_MD
#TypeOfMCU=STM32F10X_MD
#STM32F103RET (512KB FLASH, 64KB RAM) --> STM32F10X_HD
#STM32F103ZET (512KB FLASH, 64KB RAM) --> STM32F10X_HD  
TypeOfMCU=STM32F10X_HD
#============================================================================#  
TC=arm-none-eabi
CC=$(TC)-gcc
LD=$(TC)-ld -v 
OBJCOPY=$(TC)-objcopy
AR=$(TC)-ar
GDB=$(TC)-gdb
INCLUDE=-I$(TOP)/inc
INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/CMSIS/CM3/CoreSupport
INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/CMSIS/CM3/DeviceSupport/ST/STM32F10x
INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/inc
COMMONFLAGS=-g -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb
COMMONFLAGSlib=$(COMMONFLAGS)
#Commands for general Makefile and src Makefile
ifeq ($(OptSRC),0)
    COMMONFLAGS+=-O0
    InfoTextSrc=src (no optimize, -O0)
else ifeq ($(OptSRC),1)
    COMMONFLAGS+=-O1
    InfoTextSrc=src (optimize time+ size+, -O1)
else ifeq ($(OptSRC),2)
    COMMONFLAGS+=-O2
    InfoTextSrc=src (optimize time++ size+, -O2)
else ifeq ($(OptSRC),s)
    COMMONFLAGS+=-Os
    InfoTextSrc=src (optimize size++, -Os)
else  
    COMMONFLAGS+=-O3
    InfoTextSrc=src (full optimize, -O3)
endif  
CFLAGS+=$(COMMONFLAGS) -Wall -Werror $(INCLUDE)
CFLAGS+=-D $(TypeOfMCU)
CFLAGS+=-D VECT_TAB_FLASH

#Commands for libs Makefile  
ifeq ($(OptLIB),0)
    COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O0
    InfoTextLib=libs (no optimize, -O0)
else ifeq ($(OptLIB),1)
    COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O1
    InfoTextLib=libs (optimize time+ size+, -O1)
else ifeq ($(OptLIB),2)
    COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O2
    InfoTextLib=libs (optimize time++ size+, -O2)
else ifeq ($(OptLIB),s)
    COMMONFLAGSlib+=-Os
    InfoTextLib=libs (optimize size++, -Os)
else  
    COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O3
    InfoTextLib=libs (full optimize, -O3)
endif  
CFLAGSlib+=$(COMMONFLAGSlib) -Wall -Werror $(INCLUDE)
CFLAGSlib+=-D $(TypeOfMCU)
CFLAGSlib+=-D VECT_TAB_FLASH

编译固件库
首先编译固件库，将固件库编译成静态库，应用程序可以直接使用
startup.c文件下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/download/zhangxuechao_/10266433

include ../../../../../Makefile.common

LIBS+=libstm32.a
CFLAGSlib+=-c

all: $(LIBS)

libstm32.a:
    @echo -n "Building $@ ..."
    cd $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/CM3/DeviceSupport/ST/STM32F10x/ && \
        $(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) system_stm32f10x.c
    cd $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/CM3/DeviceSupport/ST/STM32F10x/startup/arm && \
        $(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) startup.c
    cd $(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src && \
        $(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) *.c \
        -D"assert_param(expr)=((void)0)"
    $(AR) cr $(LIBDIR)/$@ \
    $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/CM3/DeviceSupport/ST/STM32F10x/system_stm32f10x.o \
    $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/CM3/DeviceSupport/ST/STM32F10x/startup/arm/startup.o \
    $(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src/*.o
    @echo "done."

.PHONY: clean

clean:
    rm -f $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/CM3/DeviceSupport/ST/STM32F10x/system_stm32f10x.o
    rm -f $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/CM3/DeviceSupport/ST/STM32F10x/startup/arm/startup.o
    rm -f $(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src/*.o
    rm -f $(LIBDIR)/$(LIBS)

建立ld文件
建立linker.ld文件，根据芯片的内存以及flash容量
linker.ld文件下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/download/zhangxuechao_/10266451
下面是文件需要修改的地方

MEMORY {
    /*Adust LENGTH to RAMsize of target MCU:*/
    /*STM32F103RBT --> 20K*/
    /*RAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000 , LENGTH = 20K*/
    /*STM32F103RET --> 64K*/
    /*STM32F103ZET --> 64K*/
    RAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000 , LENGTH = 64K
    EXTSRAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x68000000 , LENGTH = 0
    /*Adust LENGTH to (FLASHsize - FeePROMsize) of target MCU:*/
    /*STM32F103RBT --> 126K*/
    /*FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 126K*/
    /*STM32F103RET --> 508K*/
    /*FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 508K*/
    /*STM32F103ZET --> 508K*/
    FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 508K
    /*Adust ORIGIN to (0x08000000 + (FLASHsize-FeePROMsize)) of target MCU*/
    /*and adust LENGTH to FeePROMsize allocated:*/
    /*STM32F103RBT --> 0x08000000+126K, 2K*/
    EEMUL (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000+126K, LENGTH = 2K
    /*STM32F103RET --> 0x08000000+508K, 4K*/
    /*EEMUL (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000+508K, LENGTH = 4K*/
}

编译用户文件
将用户应用程序也编译成静态库

include ../Makefile.common

LIBS+=app.a
CFLAGSlib+=-c

all: $(LIBS)

app.a:
    @echo -n "Building $@ ..."
    $(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) *.c
    $(AR) cr $@ *.o
    @echo "done."

.PHONY: clean

clean:
    rm -f *.o
    rm -f $(LIBS)

建立主Makefile
在主目录下，建立主Makefile文件
将固件库和用户应用程序编译成可执行文件

include Makefile.common

LDFLAGS=$(COMMONFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -L$(LIBDIR) -nostartfiles -Wl,--gc-sections,-Tlinker.ld

LDLIBS+=-lm
LDLIBS+=-lstm32

all: libs src
    $(CC) -o $(PROGRAM).elf $(LDFLAGS) \
        -Wl,--whole-archive \
        src/app.a \
        -Wl,--no-whole-archive \
        $(LDLIBS)
    $(OBJCOPY) -O ihex $(PROGRAM).elf $(PROGRAM).hex
    $(OBJCOPY) -O binary $(PROGRAM).elf $(PROGRAM).bin
    arm-none-eabi-readelf -a $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_elf
    arm-none-eabi-size -d -B -t $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_size
    arm-none-eabi-objdump -S $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_code
    arm-none-eabi-nm -t d -S --size-sort -s $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_symbol

.PHONY: libs src clean

libs:
    $(MAKE) -C libs/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Lib_V3.5.0/Libraries/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src
src:
    $(MAKE) -C src
clean:
    rm -f $(PROGRAM).elf $(PROGRAM).hex $(PROGRAM).bin $(PROGRAM).info_elf $(PROGRAM).info_size
    rm -f $(PROGRAM).info_code
    rm -f $(PROGRAM).info_symbol

源码路径：https://github.com/zwx230741/linux_stm32.git
已经在STM32F103ZET6上测试成功