python3_scrapy爬取斗鱼手机端数据包（颜值模块主播照片）

1.手机端数据包的抓取（响应教程可自行百度）

2.具体程序编写

items.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html
import scrapy


class DouyuItem(scrapy.Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    # 1.主播所在版块
    game_name = scrapy.Field()

    # 2.主播房间号
    room_id = scrapy.Field()

    # 3.主播链接
    vertical_src = scrapy.Field()

    # 4.主播昵称
    nickname = scrapy.Field()

    # 存储照片名称信息5.
    message = scrapy.Field()

douyu.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
import json
from Douyu.items import DouyuItem


class DouyuSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'douyu'
    allowed_domains = ['douyucdn.cn']

    # 0.抓取斗鱼手机端app中颜值分类的数据包
    baseURL = "http://capi.douyucdn.cn/api/v1/getVerticalRoom?limit=20&offset="
    offset = 0
    start_urls = [baseURL+str(offset)]

    def parse(self, response):
        # 1.将已经编码的json字符串解码为python对象(此处的Python对象时一个字典)
        # 1.data键对应的值是一个列表，列表中每一个元素又是一个字典
        data_list = json.loads(response.body)["data"]

        # 2.判断data是否为空（为空终止，不为空继续翻页）
        if not data_list:
            return

        for data in data_list:
            item = DouyuItem()
            item["game_name"] = data["game_name"]
            item["room_id"] = data["room_id"]
            item["vertical_src"] = data["vertical_src"]
            item["nickname"] = data["nickname"]
            item["message"] = data["game_name"]+data["room_id"]+data["nickname"]

            # 3.返回item对象给管道进行处理
            yield item

        # 4.JSON文件只能通过翻页来爬取，不能通过xpath()提取
        self.offset += 20
        # 5.将请求发回给引擎，引擎返回给调度器，调度器将请求入队列
        yield scrapy.Request(self.baseURL+str(self.offset), callback=self.parse)

pipelines.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
# 1.导入scrapy包中pipelines文件夹下images.py文件中ImagesPipeline类
import os
import scrapy
from Douyu.settings import IMAGES_STORE as images_store
from scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline


class DouyuPipeline(ImagesPipeline):

    def get_media_requests(self, item, info):
        """图片下载"""
        image_link = item["vertical_src"]
        # 2.管道将图片链接交给下载器下载
        yield scrapy.Request(image_link)

    def item_completed(self, results, item, info):
        """图片重命名"""
        # 3.取出results中图片信息中：图片的存储路径
        # results是一个列表，列表中一个元组，元组中两个元素，第二个元素又是一个字典 / md5码
        # 推导式写法取值（最外层的列表相当于results列表）
        img_path = [x["path"] for ok, x in results if ok]

        # 4.为下载图片重命名
        # 4.os.rename(src_name, dst_name)
        os.rename(images_store+img_path[0], images_store + item["message"]+".jpg")

        return item

settings.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for Douyu project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = 'Douyu'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['Douyu.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'Douyu.spiders'


# 1.设置保存下载图片的路径images_store
# 1.另外一种路径方式IMAGES_STORE = "E:\\Python\\课程代码\\Douyu\\Douyu\\spiders\\"
IMAGES_STORE = "E:/Python/课程代码/Douyu/Douyu/spiders/"


# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
# 2.配置手机移动端user_agent
USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone 84; CPU iPhone OS 10_3_3 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/603.3.8 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/10.0 MQQBrowser/7.8.0 Mobile/14G60 Safari/8536.25 MttCustomUA/2 QBWebViewType/1 WKType/1'

# Obey robots.txt rules
# 3.禁用robots协议(设置为False或者直接注释掉)
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'Douyu.middlewares.DouyuSpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'Douyu.middlewares.DouyuDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}

# Configure item pipelines
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
# 4.启用管道文件
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   'Douyu.pipelines.DouyuPipeline': 300,
}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'

start.py

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from scrapy import cmdline


cmdline.execute("scrapy crawl douyu".split())

3.图片爬取结果展示