从网站上获取数据然后再客户端进行解析是常见的数据交互。下面是常用的一些接口网址:
webservice工厂接口 http://www.36wu.com
快递查询接口http://webservice.36wu.com/ExpressService.asmx
ip查询接口http://webservice.36wu.com/ipService.asmx
天气预报接口http://webservice.36wu.com/weatherService.asmx
身份证查询接口http://webservice.36wu.com/IdCardService.asmx
手机归属地接口http://webservice.36wu.com/MobilePhoneService.asmx
翻译接口http://webservice.36wu.com/TranslationService.asmx
火车时刻接口http://webservice.36wu.com/TrainService.asmx
股票查询接口http://webservice.36wu.com/StockService.asmx
邮编接口http://webservice.36wu.com/ZipcodeService.asmx
二维码Web服务http://webservice.36wu.com/DimensionalCodeService.asmx
公交查询Web服务http://webservice.36wu.com/mapService.asmx
ISBN查询Web服务http://webservice.36wu.com/ISBNService.asmx
ICP备案查询Web服务http://webservice.36wu.com/ICPServic.asmx
但是我一会用到的天气查询接口是:
http://www.weather.com.cn/data/cityinfo/101010100.html
好了让我们进入正题吧。
1、第一步,我们要先搞清楚我们得到的数据的结构,这一点千万不能出错。否则我们将不能解析到正确的内容。
{
"weatherinfo":
{
"city":"北京",
"cityid":"101010100",
"temp1":"15℃",
"temp2":"5℃",
"weather":"多云",
"img1":"d1.gif",
"img2":"n1.gif",
"ptime":"08:00"
}
}
2、知道了Json的数据结构形式,下面就是创造一个bean,用来充当我们的模型层,便于待会的数据处理。代码如下:
package com.example.weatherforcast;
public class WeatherBean {
private String city;
private String weather1;
private String temp1;
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
public String getWeather1() {
return weather1;
}
public void setWeather1(String weather1) {
this.weather1 = weather1;
}
public String getTemp1() {
return temp1;
}
public void setTemp1(String temp1) {
this.temp1 = temp1;
}
}
3、既然有了模型,也就相当于有了一个容器,接下来自然是向容器内装载数据了,那么我们怎么才能得到数据呢?当然是通过访问接口了,于是有了下面的代码:
package com.example.weatherforcast;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import android.util.Log;
public class JSonFetcher {
private String jsonText = "";
//本方法通过指定url访问网络数据,并返回JSON格式的string。
public String getJSONText(final URL url){
Thread thread = new Thread(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
InputStream is =null;
BufferedReader in = null;
try {
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(10000 /* milliseconds */);
conn.setConnectTimeout(15000 /* milliseconds */);
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.connect();
is = conn.getInputStream();
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
String line = "";
while((line = in.readLine()) != null){
jsonText += line;
}
Log.i("-----------------------------------------", jsonText);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
in.close();
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
});
thread.start();
//等待上述线程完成执行后再返回jsonText。
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return jsonText;
}
}
4、返回的是一个JSon类型的数据结构。但是这并不能直接为我们所使用,我们还需要进一步对此进行处理,那就是json数据的解析过程。请看下面的代码,值得注意的是,对于不同的json数据类型,这段代码并不能保证通用,但是解决的思想却是一致的。代码如下:
package com.example.weatherforcast;
import java.net.URL;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.json.JSONTokener;
public class JSonUtils {
public static WeatherBean getWeatherBean(URL url){
String jsonText = new JSonFetcher().getJSONText(url);
System.out.println(jsonText);
WeatherBean weather = new WeatherBean();
try {
JSONTokener jsonParser = new JSONTokener(jsonText);
JSONObject object = (JSONObject) jsonParser.nextValue();
// String weatherinfo=object.getString("weatherinfo");
JSONObject details = object.getJSONObject("weatherinfo");
String city = details.getString("city");
String weather1=details.getString("weather");
String temp1=details.getString("temp1");
String weatherToday=details.getString("weather");
weather.setCity(city);
weather.setWeather1(weather1);
weather.setTemp1(temp1);
weather.setWeather1(weatherToday);
} catch (JSONException e) {
System.out.println("test");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return weather;
}
}
5、既然万事都已经具备了,那么就应该将这块打磨好的组件加到我们的application上了,在我们的应用程序中,可以这样做:
//首先是简单的不能再简单的布局代码了(之所以说简单,你看了之后也一定会和么觉得)
"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity" >
//然后是MainActivity了,
package com.example.weatherforcast;
import java.net.URL;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private static String url="http://www.weather.com.cn/data/cityinfo/101010100.html";
private Button button;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
button=(Button) findViewById(R.id.getInfo);
button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
GetInfo(view);
}
});
}
public void GetInfo(View view){
try {
URL u=new URL(url);
WeatherBean weatherBean = JSonUtils.getWeatherBean(u);
System.out.println("test2");
String message="";
message="当前所在城市: "+weatherBean.getCity()+"\n今天的天气情况是: "+weatherBean.getWeather1()
+"\n今日平均气温:"
+weatherBean.getTemp1()+"\n";
System.out.println(message);
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, message, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
6、程序运行的结果:
。这里仅仅是简单的使用,没有进行优化处理,当然也可以做出实用的界面咯。
7、总结:
之前一直在找完整的接口数据处理的android代码,但是一直也没找到,所以就自己做了一个,虽然不是特别好看,但是还是非常实用的。
你也可以在此基础上开发出自己的特色的app。
8、注意:
一定要在Mainfest.xml清单文件中声明权限:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
否则你有可能什么也得不到哦。
9、另外,本例实用的接口中的101010100代码是城市对应的代码。下面是全国各地的城市代码,你可以将这些数据使用键值对的方式存储到你的应用中,这样就可以自由的查询所在地的天气信息了。
我这里还有一个更好的建议,那就是利用最开始提到的ip地址的接口,将其返回的数据作为天气查询接口的参数传进去,这样我们可以更灵活,也更准确地获得天气信息。
下面是全国城市的对应的代码:
全国各城市代码如下:
北京:101010100朝阳:101010300顺义:101010400怀柔:101010500通州:101010600昌平:101010700延庆:101010800丰台:101010900石景山:101011000大兴:101011100房山:101011200密云:101011300门头沟:101011400平谷:101011500八达岭:101011600佛爷顶:101011700汤河口:101011800密云上甸子:101011900斋堂:101012000霞云岭:101012100北京城区:101012200海淀:101010200天津:101030100宝坻:101030300东丽:101030400西青:101030500北辰:101030600蓟县:101031400汉沽:101030800静海:101030900津南:101031000塘沽:101031100大港:101031200武清:101030200宁河:101030700上海:101020100宝山:101020300嘉定:101020500南汇:101020600浦东:101021300青浦:101020800松江:101020900奉贤:101021000崇明:101021100徐家汇:101021200闵行:101020200金山:101020700石家庄:101090101张家口:101090301承德:101090402唐山:101090501秦皇岛:101091101沧州:101090701衡水:101090801邢台:101090901邯郸:101091001保定:101090201廊坊:101090601郑州:101180101新乡:101180301许昌:101180401平顶山:101180501信阳:101180601南阳:101180701开封:101180801洛阳:101180901商丘:101181001焦作:101181101鹤壁:101181201濮阳:101181301周口:101181401漯河:101181501驻马店:101181601三门峡:101181701济源:101181801安阳:101180201合肥:101220101芜湖:101220301淮南:101220401马鞍山:101220501安庆:101220601宿州:101220701阜阳:101220801亳州:101220901黄山:101221001滁州:101221101淮北:101221201铜陵:101221301宣城:101221401六安:101221501巢湖:101221601池州:101221701蚌埠:101220201杭州:101210101舟山:101211101湖州:101210201嘉兴:101210301金华:101210901绍兴:101210501台州:101210601温州:101210701丽水:101210801衢州:101211001宁波:101210401重庆:101040100合川:101040300南川:101040400江津:101040500万盛:101040600渝北:101040700北碚:101040800巴南:101040900长寿:101041000黔江:101041100万州天城:101041200万州龙宝:101041300涪陵:101041400开县:101041500城口:101041600云阳:101041700巫溪:101041800奉节:101041900巫山:101042000潼南:101042100垫江:101042200梁平:101042300忠县:101042400石柱:101042500大足:101042600荣昌:101042700铜梁:101042800璧山:101042900丰都:101043000武隆:101043100彭水:101043200綦江:101043300酉阳:101043400秀山:101043600沙坪坝:101043700永川:101040200福州:101230101泉州:101230501漳州:101230601龙岩:101230701晋江:101230509南平:101230901厦门:101230201宁德:101230301莆田:101230401三明:101230801兰州:101160101平凉:101160301庆阳:101160401武威:101160501金昌:101160601嘉峪关:101161401酒泉:101160801天水:101160901武都:101161001临夏:101161101合作:101161201白银:101161301定西:101160201张掖:101160701广州:101280101惠州:101280301梅州:101280401汕头:101280501深圳:101280601珠海:101280701佛山:101280800肇庆:101280901湛江:101281001江门:101281101河源:101281201清远:101281301云浮:101281401潮州:101281501东莞:101281601中山:101281701阳江:101281801揭阳:101281901茂名:101282001汕尾:101282101韶关:101280201南宁:101300101柳州:101300301来宾:101300401桂林:101300501梧州:101300601防城港:101301401贵港:101300801玉林:101300901百色:101301001钦州:101301101河池:101301201北海:101301301崇左:101300201贺州:101300701贵阳:101260101安顺:101260301都匀:101260401兴义:101260906铜仁:101260601毕节:101260701六盘水:101260801遵义:101260201凯里:101260501昆明:101290101红河:101290301文山:101290601玉溪:101290701楚雄:101290801普洱:101290901昭通:101291001临沧:101291101怒江:101291201香格里拉:101291301丽江:101291401德宏:101291501景洪:101291601大理:101290201曲靖:101290401保山:101290501呼和浩特:101080101乌海:101080301集宁:101080401通辽:101080501阿拉善左旗:101081201鄂尔多斯:101080701临河:101080801锡林浩特:101080901呼伦贝尔:101081000乌兰浩特:101081101包头:101080201赤峰:101080601南昌:101240101上饶:101240301抚州:101240401宜春:101240501鹰潭:101241101赣州:101240701景德镇:101240801萍乡:101240901新余:101241001九江:101240201吉安:101240601武汉:101200101黄冈:101200501荆州:101200801宜昌:101200901恩施:101201001十堰:101201101神农架:101201201随州:101201301荆门:101201401天门:101201501仙桃:101201601潜江:101201701襄樊:101200201鄂州:101200301孝感:101200401黄石:101200601咸宁:101200701成都:101270101自贡:101270301绵阳:101270401南充:101270501达州:101270601遂宁:101270701广安:101270801巴中:101270901泸州:101271001宜宾:101271101内江:101271201资阳:101271301乐山:101271401眉山:101271501凉山:101271601雅安:101271701甘孜:101271801阿坝:101271901德阳:101272001广元:101272101攀枝花:101270201银川:101170101中卫:101170501固原:101170401石嘴山:101170201吴忠:101170301西宁:101150101黄南:101150301海北:101150801果洛:101150501玉树:101150601海西:101150701海东:101150201海南:101150401济南:101120101潍坊:101120601临沂:101120901菏泽:101121001滨州:101121101东营:101121201威海:101121301枣庄:101121401日照:101121501莱芜:101121601聊城:101121701青岛:101120201淄博:101120301德州:101120401烟台:101120501济宁:101120701泰安:101120801西安:101110101延安:101110300榆林:101110401铜川:101111001商洛:101110601安康:101110701汉中:101110801宝鸡:101110901咸阳:101110200渭南:101110501太原:101100101临汾:101100701运城:101100801朔州:101100901忻州:101101001长治:101100501大同:101100201阳泉:101100301晋中:101100401晋城:101100601吕梁:101101100乌鲁木齐:101130101石河子:101130301昌吉:101130401吐鲁番:101130501库尔勒:101130601阿拉尔:101130701阿克苏:101130801喀什:101130901伊宁:101131001塔城:101131101哈密:101131201和田:101131301阿勒泰:101131401阿图什:101131501博乐:101131601克拉玛依:101130201拉萨:101140101山南:101140301阿里:101140701昌都:101140501那曲:101140601日喀则:101140201林芝:101140401台北县:101340101高雄:101340201台中:101340401海口:101310101三亚:101310201东方:101310202临高:101310203澄迈:101310204儋州:101310205昌江:101310206白沙:101310207琼中:101310208定安:101310209屯昌:101310210琼海:101310211文昌:101310212保亭:101310214万宁:101310215陵水:101310216西沙:101310217南沙岛:101310220乐东:101310221五指山:101310222琼山:101310102长沙:101250101株洲:101250301衡阳:101250401郴州:101250501常德:101250601益阳:101250700娄底:101250801邵阳:101250901岳阳:101251001张家界:101251101怀化:101251201黔阳:101251301永州:101251401吉首:101251501湘潭:101250201南京:101190101镇江:101190301苏州:101190401南通:101190501扬州:101190601宿迁:101191301徐州:101190801淮安:101190901连云港:101191001常州:101191101泰州:101191201无锡:101190201盐城:101190701哈尔滨:101050101牡丹江:101050301佳木斯:101050401绥化:101050501黑河:101050601双鸭山:101051301伊春:101050801大庆:101050901七台河:101051002鸡西:101051101鹤岗:101051201齐齐哈尔:101050201大兴安岭:101050701长春:101060101延吉:101060301四平:101060401白山:101060901白城:101060601辽源:101060701松原:101060801吉林:101060201通化:101060501沈阳:101070101鞍山:101070301抚顺:101070401本溪:101070501丹东:101070601葫芦岛:101071401营口:101070801阜新:101070901辽阳:101071001铁岭:101071101朝阳:101071201盘锦:101071301大连:101070201锦州:101070701