spring注解Bean的生命周期 和 BeanPostProcessor

bean的生命周期

  • bean的生命周期:
    bean的创建—初始化—销毁的过程
    容器管理bean的生命周期:
    我们可以自定义初始化和销毁方法;容器在bean进行到当前生命周期的时候来调用我们自定义的初始化和销毁方法

指定初始化和销毁方法:指定init-method和destory-method

指定初始化和销毁的方法:

通过@Bean指定init-method和destory-method;

bean:

public class Car {

    public void init() {
        System.out.println("Car...init...");
    }

    public void destory() {
        System.out.println("Car...destory...");
    }
}

配置类:

@Configuration
public class MyConfig02 {

    @Bean(initMethod = "init",destroyMethod = "destory")
    public Car car() {
        return new Car();
    }
}

测试:

public class MyTest01 {
    @Test
    public void test01() {
        // 初始化容器
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext annotationConfigApplicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfig02.class);
        System.out.println("容器启动完成...");
        annotationConfigApplicationContext.close();
    }
}

结果:容器启动的时候,执行了car的init方法,容器关闭的时候执行destory方法

Car...init...
容器启动完成...
Car...destory...

通过让Bean实现InitializingBean(定义初始化逻辑),DisposableBean(定义销毁逻辑)

public class Cat implements InitializingBean, DisposableBean {


    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Cat...afterPropertiesSet...");
    }

    public void destroy() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Cat...destroy...");
    }
} 

可以使用JSR250(@PostConstruct,@PreDestory)

  • @PostConstruct:在bean创建完成并且属性赋值完成,来执行初始化
  • @PreDestory:在容器销毁bean之前通知我们进行清理工作
@Component
public class Dog {

    public Dog() {
        System.out.println("dog...constructor");
    }

    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        System.out.println("dot...inti...");
    }

    @PreDestroy
    public void destory() {
        System.out.println("Dog...destory...");
    }
}

BeanPostProcessor

  1. 只要实现了BeanPostProcessor,并且实现了它的2个方法,所有的bean在初始化前后都会执行执行该2个方法

  2. BeanPostProcessor是一个接口,bean的后置处理器:在bean初始化前后进行一些处理工作,它定义了2个方法:
    postProcessBeforeInitialization:在初始化之前工作
    postProcessAfterInitialization:在初始化之后工作

    这2个方法的返回值是的bean实例。

@Component
public class MyBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {
    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object o, String s) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("MyBeanPostProcessor...postProcessBeforeInitialization..." + "----->"+ o.getClass()+"---"+s);
        return o;
    }

    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object o, String s) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("MyBeanPostProcessor...postProcessAfterInitialization..."+ "---->" + o.getClass()+"----"+s);
        return o;
    }
}

测试结果:

Dog...constructor
MyBeanPostProcessor...postProcessBeforeInitialization...----->class com.yajun.spring02.bean.Dog---dog
Dog...inti...
MyBeanPostProcessor...postProcessAfterInitialization...---->class com.yajun.spring02.bean.Dog----dog
MyBeanPostProcessor...postProcessBeforeInitialization...----->class com.yajun.spring02.bean.Car---car
Car...init...
MyBeanPostProcessor...postProcessAfterInitialization...---->class com.yajun.spring02.bean.Car----car
MyBeanPostProcessor...postProcessBeforeInitialization...----->class com.yajun.spring02.bean.Cat---cat
Cat...afterPropertiesSet...
MyBeanPostProcessor...postProcessAfterInitialization...---->class com.yajun.spring02.bean.Cat----cat

六月 05, 2019 3:22:41 下午 org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext doClose
信息: Closing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@afffde: startup date [Wed Jun 05 15:22:40 CST 2019]; root of context hierarchy
容器启动完成...
Cat...destroy...
Car...destory...
Dog...destory...

spring底层对BeanPostProcessor的使用:
bean的赋值,注入其他组件,@Autowired,生命周期注解功能,

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