pyqt5中动画的使用
一、pyqt5中动画的继承关系图
二、关于QAbstractAnimation父类的认识
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1、主要作用
- 继承此类, 实现一些自定义动画
- 所有动画共享的功能
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2、功能作用
- 循环操作
setLoopCount(count):设置循环次数currentLoop():当前循环currentLoopTime():当前循环时间
- 时间操作
duration():单次时长totalDuration():动画总时长currentTime():当前时长
- 动画方向
setDirection(QAbstractAnimation.Forward/QAbstractAnimation.Backward)
- 动画状态
state()QAbstractAnimation.Stopped:动画停止QAbstractAnimation.Paused:动画暂停QAbstractAnimation.Running:动画运行
- 循环操作
三、QPropertyAnimation属性动画的使用
主要用于实现某个属性值从x到y的动画变化
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1、定义动画的主要步骤
- 创建一个动画,并设置目标、属性
- 设置属性值的开始、插值、结束
- 动画时长
- 启动动画
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2、构造函数使用方式
- 1.
QPropertyAnimation(parent: QObject = None)- 设置动画目标:
setTargetObject(self, QObject) - 设置动画属性(位置、大小等):
setPropertyName(self, Union[QByteArray, bytes, bytearray])
- 设置动画目标:
- 2.
QPropertyAnimation(QObject, Union[QByteArray, bytes, bytearray], parent: QObject = None)
- 1.
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3、常见的属性
geometrypossizewindowOpacity
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4、设置开始值和结束值
setStartValue(self, Any)setEndValue(self, Any)setKeyValueAt(self, float, Any)setKeyValues(self, object)
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5、设置动画时长
setDuration(int mesc)
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6、启动动画
start()
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7、简单案例(位置的)
import sys from PyQt5.Qt import * class Window(QWidget): def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): super().__init__(*args, **kwargs) self.setWindowTitle('动画') self.resize(500, 500) self.move(400, 200) self.btn = QPushButton(self) self.init_ui() def init_ui(self): self.btn.resize(100, 100) self.btn.move(0, 0) self.btn.setStyleSheet('QPushButton{border: none; background: pink;}') # 1.定义一个动画 animation = QPropertyAnimation(self) animation.setTargetObject(self.btn) animation.setPropertyName(b'pos') # 使用另外一种构造函数方式创建 # animation = QPropertyAnimation(self.btn, b'pos', self) # 2.设置属性值 animation.setStartValue(QPoint(0, 0)) animation.setEndValue(QPoint(400, 400)) # 3.设置时长 animation.setDuration(3000) # 4.启动动画 animation.start() if __name__ == "__main__": app = QApplication(sys.argv) window = Window() window.show() sys.exit(app.exec_()) -
8、使用插值的动画
import sys from PyQt5.Qt import * class Window(QWidget): def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): super().__init__(*args, **kwargs) self.setWindowTitle('使用插值') self.resize(500, 500) self.move(400, 200) self.btn = QPushButton(self) self.init_ui() def init_ui(self): self.btn.resize(50, 50) self.btn.move(0, 0) self.btn.setStyleSheet('QPushButton{border: none; background: pink;}') # 1.创建动画 animation = QPropertyAnimation(self.btn, b'pos', self) # 2.定义动画插值 animation.setKeyValueAt(0, QPoint(0, 0)) animation.setKeyValueAt(0.25, QPoint(450, 0)) animation.setKeyValueAt(0.5, QPoint(450, 450)) animation.setKeyValueAt(0.75, QPoint(0, 450)) animation.setKeyValueAt(1, QPoint(0, 0)) # 3.动画时长 animation.setDuration(5000) # 4.启动动画 animation.start() if __name__ == "__main__": app = QApplication(sys.argv) window = Window() window.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())
四、QAnimationGroup动画组的使用
可以将一组动画, 同时播放或者按顺序播放
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1、使用的步骤
- 根据上面的方式创建单独的动画(但不启动)
- 定义一个动画组
- 将之前的动画添加到动画组中
- 启动动画组
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2、动画运行几种状态
- 并行动画
QParallelAnimationGroup - 串行动画
QSequentialAnimationGroup
- 并行动画
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3、一个动画组的案例
import sys from PyQt5.Qt import * class Window(QWidget): def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): super().__init__(*args, **kwargs) self.setWindowTitle('动画组') self.resize(500, 500) self.move(400, 200) self.btn1 = QPushButton(self) self.btn2 = QPushButton(self) self.init_ui() def init_ui(self): self.btn1.resize(50, 50) self.btn1.move(0, 0) self.btn1.setStyleSheet('QPushButton{border: none; background: pink;}') self.btn2.resize(50, 50) self.btn2.move(50, 50) self.btn2.setStyleSheet('border: none; background: cyan') # 按钮1的动画 animation1 = QPropertyAnimation(self.btn1, b'pos', self) animation1.setKeyValueAt(0, QPoint(0, 0)) animation1.setKeyValueAt(0.25, QPoint(450, 0)) animation1.setKeyValueAt(0.5, QPoint(450, 450)) animation1.setKeyValueAt(0.75, QPoint(0, 450)) animation1.setKeyValueAt(1, QPoint(0, 0)) animation1.setDuration(5000) # animation1.start() # 按钮2的动画 animation2 = QPropertyAnimation(self.btn2, b'pos', self) animation2.setKeyValueAt(0, QPoint(50, 50)) animation2.setKeyValueAt(0.25, QPoint(400, 50)) animation2.setKeyValueAt(0.5, QPoint(400, 400)) animation2.setKeyValueAt(0.75, QPoint(50, 400)) animation2.setKeyValueAt(1, QPoint(50, 50)) animation2.setDuration(3000) # animation2.start() animation_group = QSequentialAnimationGroup(self) animation_group.addAnimation(animation1) animation_group.addAnimation(animation2) animation_group.start() if __name__ == "__main__": app = QApplication(sys.argv) window = Window() window.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())
五、关于QAbstractAnimation中事件的操作
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1、启动动画
start() -
2、暂停动画
pause() -
3、继续启动动画
resume() -
4、停止动画
stop() -
5、基本案例
import sys from PyQt5.Qt import * class Window(QWidget): def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): super().__init__(*args, **kwargs) self.setWindowTitle('动画组') self.resize(500, 500) self.move(400, 200) self.btn1 = QPushButton(self) self.btn2 = QPushButton(self) self.init_ui() def init_ui(self): self.btn1.resize(50, 50) self.btn1.move(0, 0) self.btn1.setStyleSheet('QPushButton{border: none; background: pink;}') self.btn2.resize(50, 50) self.btn2.move(50, 50) self.btn2.setStyleSheet('border: none; background: cyan') # 按钮1的动画 animation1 = QPropertyAnimation(self.btn1, b'pos', self) animation1.setKeyValueAt(0, QPoint(0, 0)) animation1.setKeyValueAt(0.25, QPoint(450, 0)) animation1.setKeyValueAt(0.5, QPoint(450, 450)) animation1.setKeyValueAt(0.75, QPoint(0, 450)) animation1.setKeyValueAt(1, QPoint(0, 0)) animation1.setDuration(5000) # animation1.start() # 按钮2的动画 animation2 = QPropertyAnimation(self.btn2, b'pos', self) animation2.setKeyValueAt(0, QPoint(50, 50)) animation2.setKeyValueAt(0.25, QPoint(400, 50)) animation2.setKeyValueAt(0.5, QPoint(400, 400)) animation2.setKeyValueAt(0.75, QPoint(50, 400)) animation2.setKeyValueAt(1, QPoint(50, 50)) animation2.setDuration(8000) # animation2.start() animation_group = QParallelAnimationGroup(self) animation_group.addAnimation(animation1) animation_group.addAnimation(animation2) animation_group.start() self.btn1.clicked.connect(animation_group.pause) self.btn2.clicked.connect(animation_group.resume) if __name__ == "__main__": app = QApplication(sys.argv) window = Window() window.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())