剑指offer 练习六(Java版)

题五十一  请实现一个函数用来判断字符串是否表示数值(包括整数和小数)。例如,字符串"+100","5e2","-123","3.1416"和"-1E-16"都表示数值。 但是"12e","1a3.14","1.2.3","+-5"和"12e+4.3"都不是。

public class Solution {
    public boolean isNumeric(char[] str) {
        String res = String.valueOf(str);
        boolean result = res.matches("[\\+-]?[0-9]*(\\.[0-9]+)?([eE][\\+-]?[0-9]+)?");
        
        return result;
    }
}


题五十二  请实现一个函数用来找出字符流中第一个只出现一次的字符。例如,当从字符流中只读出前两个字符"go"时,第一个只出现一次的字符是"g"。当从该字符流中读出前六个字符“google"时,第一个只出现一次的字符是"l"。如果当前字符流没有存在出现一次的字符,返回#字符。

import java.util.*;

public class Solution {
    HashMap map = new HashMap<>();
    ArrayList list = new ArrayList<>();
    //Insert one char from stringstream
    public void Insert(char ch)
    {
        if(map.containsKey(ch)) map.put(ch,map.get(ch)+1);
        
        else map.put(ch,1);
        
        list.add(ch);
    }
  //return the first appearence once char in current stringstream
    public char FirstAppearingOnce()
    {  char res = '#';
     
     for(char ch:list){
         if(map.get(ch) == 1){
             res = ch;
             break;
         }
     }
      return res;
    }
}

题五十三  一个链表中包含环,请找出该链表的环的入口结点。

/*
 public class ListNode {
    int val;
    ListNode next = null;

    ListNode(int val) {
        this.val = val;
    }
}
*/
public class Solution {
     public ListNode meetingNode(ListNode head){
         if(head == null || head.next == null) return null;
         
         ListNode slow = head.next;
         ListNode fast = slow.next;
         
         while(slow != null && fast != null){
             if(slow == fast)  return fast;
             slow = slow.next;
             fast = fast.next;
             if(fast != null)  fast = fast.next;
         }
         return null;
     }
    public ListNode EntryNodeOfLoop(ListNode pHead)
    {
        ListNode meet = meetingNode(pHead);
        if(meet == null) return null;
        
        int cnt =1;
        ListNode p1 = meet;
        while(p1.next != meet){
            p1 = p1.next;
            cnt++;
        }
        
        p1 = pHead;
        for(int i=0; i< cnt; i++){
            p1 = p1.next;
        }
        
        ListNode p2 = pHead;
        while(p1 != p2){
            p1 = p1.next;
            p2 = p2.next;
        }
             
        return p2;     
    }
}

题五十四  在一个排序的链表中,存在重复的结点,请删除该链表中重复的结点,重复的结点不保留,返回链表头指针。 例如,链表1->2->3->3->4->4->5 处理后为 1->2->5

/*
 public class ListNode {
    int val;
    ListNode next = null;

    ListNode(int val) {
        this.val = val;
    }
}
*/
public class Solution {
    public ListNode deleteDuplication(ListNode pHead)
    {
       if(pHead == null || pHead.next == null) return pHead;
        
        ListNode tmp = new ListNode(-1);
        tmp.next = pHead;
        ListNode curr = pHead;
        ListNode pre = tmp;
        
        while(curr != null && curr.next != null){
            ListNode nxt = curr.next;
            
            if(curr.val == nxt.val){
                while(nxt != null && curr.val == nxt.val)  nxt = nxt.next;  
                pre.next = nxt;
                curr = nxt;
            }
                
             else {
                 pre = curr;
                 curr = curr.next;
        }
       }
        return tmp.next;
    }
}


题五十五  给定一个二叉树和其中的一个结点,请找出中序遍历顺序的下一个结点并且返回。注意,树中的结点不仅包含左右子结点,同时包含指向父结点的指针。

/*
public class TreeLinkNode {
    int val;
    TreeLinkNode left = null;
    TreeLinkNode right = null;
    TreeLinkNode next = null;

    TreeLinkNode(int val) {
        this.val = val;
    }
}
*/
public class Solution {
    public TreeLinkNode GetNext(TreeLinkNode pNode)
    {
         if(pNode == null )  return null;
         if(pNode.right != null){
            pNode = pNode.right;
             while(pNode.left != null) pNode = pNode.left;
             return pNode;
         }
        while(pNode.next != null){
            if(pNode == pNode.next.left )  return pNode.next;
            pNode = pNode.next;
            
        }
        
        return null;    
    }
}

题五十六  请实现一个函数,用来判断一颗二叉树是不是对称的。注意,如果一个二叉树同此二叉树的镜像是同样的,定义其为对称的。

/*
public class TreeNode {
    int val = 0;
    TreeNode left = null;
    TreeNode right = null;

    public TreeNode(int val) {
        this.val = val;

    }

}
*/
public class Solution {
    boolean isSymmetrical(TreeNode pRoot)
    {
         if(pRoot == null) return true;
        
        return help(pRoot.left,pRoot.right);
    }
    boolean help(TreeNode left,TreeNode right){    
        
        if(left == null && right == null) return true;
        
        if(left != null && right != null){
        
        return(left.val == right.val && help(left.left,right.right)&&help(left.right,right.left));
         }
        return false;
    }
}

题五十七  请实现一个函数按照之字形打印二叉树,即第一行按照从左到右的顺序打印,第二层按照从右至左的顺序打印,第三行按照从左到右的顺序打印,其他行以此类推。

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.*;

/*
public class TreeNode {
    int val = 0;
    TreeNode left = null;
    TreeNode right = null;

    public TreeNode(int val) {
        this.val = val;

    }

}
*/
public class Solution {
    public ArrayList > Print(TreeNode pRoot) {
 ArrayList >  result = new ArrayList > ();
        
         if(pRoot == null) return result;
        
       Deque q = new LinkedList();
        q.offer(pRoot);
        int layer = 0;
        
        while(!q.isEmpty()){
            layer++;
            ArrayList res = new ArrayList();
            int curr = 0, size = q.size();
            if((layer &1 ) == 0){
                Iterator it = q.descendingIterator();
                while(it.hasNext()){
                    res.add(it.next().val);
                }
            }else{
                Iterator it = q.iterator();
                while(it.hasNext()){
                    res.add(it.next().val);
                 }
            }
            
            while(curr 

题五十八  从上到下按层打印二叉树,同一层结点从左至右输出。每一层输出一行。

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.*;

/*
public class TreeNode {
    int val = 0;
    TreeNode left = null;
    TreeNode right = null;

    public TreeNode(int val) {
        this.val = val;

    }

}
*/
public class Solution {
    ArrayList > Print(TreeNode pRoot) {
     ArrayList >  result = new ArrayList > ();
        
         if(pRoot == null) return result;
        
       Deque q = new LinkedList();
        q.offer(pRoot);
        int layer = 0;
        
        while(!q.isEmpty()){
            layer++;
            ArrayList res = new ArrayList();
            int curr = 0, size = q.size();
           
            Iterator it = q.iterator();
            while(it.hasNext()){
                    res.add(it.next().val);
                 }
            
            while(curr 

  题五十九     请实现两个函数,分别用来序列化和反序列化二叉树

import java.util.*;
/*
public class TreeNode {
    int val = 0;
    TreeNode left = null;
    TreeNode right = null;

    public TreeNode(int val) {
        this.val = val;

    }

}
*/
public class Solution {
     String Serialize(TreeNode root) {
       if(root == null ) return "#,";
        
        String res = root.val +",";
        res += Serialize(root.left);
        res += Serialize(root.right);
        
        return res;
  }
    
    TreeNode Deserialize(String str) {
       String[] values = str.split(",");
        
        Queue q = new LinkedList<>();
        for(int i =0; i!= values.length;i++){
            q.offer(values[i]);
        }
          return preOrder(q);
  }
    TreeNode preOrder(Queue q){
        String s = q.poll();
        if(s.equals("#"))  return null;
        
        TreeNode node = new TreeNode(Integer.valueOf(s));
        node.left = preOrder(q);
        node.right = preOrder(q);
        return node;
        
    }
}

题六十   给定一颗二叉搜索树,请找出其中的第k大的结点。例如, 5 / \ 3 7 /\ /\ 2 4 6 8 中,按结点数值大小顺序第三个结点的值为4。

import java.util.*;

/*
public class TreeNode {
    int val = 0;
    TreeNode left = null;
    TreeNode right = null;

    public TreeNode(int val) {
        this.val = val;

    }

}
*/
public class Solution {
    TreeNode KthNode(TreeNode pRoot, int k)
    {
        if(pRoot == null || k <= 0) return null;
        
        TreeNode p = pRoot;
        Stack stack = new Stack<>();
        int cnt = 1;
        
        while(p!= null || !stack.isEmpty()){
            while(p!= null){
                stack.push(p);
                p = p.left;
            }
            TreeNode tmp = stack.pop();
            if(cnt++ == k)  return tmp;
            
            p = tmp.right;
        }
        
        return null;
    }


}

题六十一   如何得到一个数据流中的中位数?如果从数据流中读出奇数个数值,那么中位数就是所有数值排序之后位于中间的数值。如果从数据流中读出偶数个数值,那么中位数就是所有数值排序之后中间两个数的平均值。

import java.util.*;

public class Solution {
    int cnt;
    PriorityQueue minHeap = new PriorityQueue();
    PriorityQueue maxHeap = new PriorityQueue(11,new Comparator(){
          public int compare(Integer t1,Integer t2){
              return t2.compareTo(t1);
          }   
    });
    
    public void Insert(Integer num) {
    
        cnt++;
        if((cnt & 1) == 0){
            if(!maxHeap.isEmpty() && num < maxHeap.peek()){
                maxHeap.offer(num);
                num = maxHeap.poll();
            }
            minHeap.offer(num);
        }else{
            if(!minHeap.isEmpty() && num > minHeap.peek()){
                minHeap.offer(num);
                num = minHeap.poll();
            }
            maxHeap.offer(num);
        }
    }

    public Double GetMedian() {
        if(cnt == 0)
            throw new RuntimeException("no available number");
        double res;
        
        if((cnt & 1)== 1)  res = maxHeap.peek();
        else res = (minHeap.peek() + maxHeap.peek())/2.0;
        return res;
    }

}

题六十二  给定一个数组和滑动窗口的大小,找出所有滑动窗口里数值的最大值。例如,如果输入数组{2,3,4,2,6,2,5,1}及滑动窗口的大小3,那么一共存在6个滑动窗口,他们的最大值分别为{4,4,6,6,6,5}; 针对数组{2,3,4,2,6,2,5,1}的滑动窗口有以下6个: {[2,3,4],2,6,2,5,1}, {2,[3,4,2],6,2,5,1}, {2,3,[4,2,6],2,5,1}, {2,3,4,[2,6,2],5,1}, {2,3,4,2,[6,2,5],1}, {2,3,4,2,6,[2,5,1]}。

import java.util.*;

public class Solution {
    public ArrayList maxInWindows(int [] num, int size)
    { 
        ArrayList res = new ArrayList();
        if(size == 0) return res;
        
        Deque deq = new LinkedList();
        
        for(int i=0; i deq.peekFirst()) deq.pollFirst();
            
            while((!deq.isEmpty())&& num[deq.peekLast()]<=num[i]){
                deq.pollLast();
            }
            
            deq.offerLast(i);
            
            if( begin>= 0) res.add(num[deq.peekFirst()]);
        }
        
     return res;
    }
   
}

题六十三  请设计一个函数,用来判断在一个矩阵中是否存在一条包含某字符串所有字符的路径。路径可以从矩阵中的任意一个格子开始,每一步可以在矩阵中向左,向右,向上,向下移动一个格子。如果一条路径经过了矩阵中的某一个格子,则该路径不能再进入该格子。 例如 a b c e s f c s a d e e 矩阵中包含一条字符串"bcced"的路径,但是矩阵中不包含"abcb"路径,因为字符串的第一个字符b占据了矩阵中的第一行第二个格子之后,路径不能再次进入该格子。  

public class Solution {
    public boolean hasPath(char[] matrix, int rows, int cols, char[] str)
    {
         boolean[] visited = new boolean[matrix.length];
        for(int i=0; i=rows || c<0 || c>=cols || matrix[r*cols+c]!=str[index] || visited[r*cols+c]) return false;
        
        if(index == str.length -1) return true;
        
        visited[r*cols+c] = true;
        if(searchFromHere(matrix,rows,cols,r-1,c,index+1,str,visited)||
           searchFromHere(matrix,rows,cols,r,c-1,index+1,str,visited)||
           searchFromHere(matrix,rows,cols,r+1,c,index+1,str,visited)||
           searchFromHere(matrix,rows,cols,r,c+1,index+1,str,visited))
            return true;
        
        visited[r*cols+c] = false;
        return false;
       }
}

题六十四  地上有一个m行和n列的方格。一个机器人从坐标0,0的格子开始移动,每一次只能向左,右,上,下四个方向移动一格,但是不能进入行坐标和列坐标的数位之和大于k的格子。 例如,当k为18时,机器人能够进入方格(35,37),因为3+5+3+7 = 18。但是,它不能进入方格(35,38),因为3+5+3+8 = 19。请问该机器人能够达到多少个格子?

public class Solution {
    public int movingCount(int threshold, int rows, int cols)
    {   if(threshold <0) return 0;
     
        boolean [][]dp = new boolean[rows+1][cols+1];
        dp[0][0] = true;
        
        for(int i=1; i<=rows; i++){
            if(dp[i-1][0] && reach(threshold,i,0)) dp[i][0] = true;
            else dp[i][0] = false;
        }
      
        for(int i=1; i<= cols; i++){
            if(dp[0][i-1] && reach(threshold,0,i)) dp[0][i] = true;
            else dp[0][i] = false;
        }
     
        for(int i=1; i<= rows; i++){
            for(int j=1; j<= cols; j++){
              if((dp[i-1][j] && reach(threshold,i,j))||(dp[i][j-1] && reach(threshold,i,j))) dp[i][j] = true;
              else dp[i][j] = false;  
            } 
        }
     
        int cnt=0;
        for(int i=0; i< rows; i++){
            for(int j=0; j< cols; j++){
                if(dp[i][j]) cnt++;       
            }
        }
        return cnt;
    }
    public boolean reach(int thr, int x, int y){
        int sum = 0;
        while(x>0){
            sum += x%10;
            x /= 10;
        }
        while(y>0){
            sum += y%10;
            y /= 10;
        }
        return sum <= thr;
        
    }
}


      

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