开贴详述linux-2.6.33内核的移植
宿主机:ubuntu9.10
目标机:s3c2440
交叉编译器:arm-linux-gcc-3.4.1
交叉编译器路径:/usr/local/arm/3.4.1
要移植的内核版本:linux-2.6.33
文件系统类型: yaffs2 (目前使用光盘中linux-2.6.28.7的文件系统)
其实这个移植好的内核可以用arm-linux-gcc-4.3.2来编译,编译好以后仍可使用2.6.28.7的文件系统来启动。更换编译器方法见修改Makefile。
不过要在配置内核的时候添加一个选项,如下:
Kernel Features --->
[*] Use the ARM EABI to compile the kernel
[*] Allow old ABI binaries to run with this kernel (EXPERIMENTAL)
首先,从官网上下载linux-2.6.33的内核。
ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/可以找到。
新建目录mkdir /file/fl。将内核源码包拷贝到/file/fl的目录下。
解压源码包
tar zxvf linux-2.6.33.tar.gz
移植yaffs2驱动
下载最新的驱动http://www.aleph1.co.uk/cgi-bin/ ... fs2.tar.gz?view=tar
解压在/file/fl下
tar zxvf yaffs2.tar.gz
进入yaffs2
./patch-ker.sh c /file/fl/linux-2.6.33
成功后打印信息
Updating /file/fl/linux-2.6.33/fs/Kconfig
Updating /file/fl/linux-2.6.33/fs/Makefile
修改机器码
飞凌开发板的bootloader默认的机器码是193,所以我们在使用smdk2440机器的时候,需要修改机器码。修改arch/arm/tools/mach-types。将
s3c2410 ARCH_S3C2410 S3C2410 193
删掉。然后将
s3c2440 ARCH_S3C2440 S3C2440 362
修改为
s3c2440 ARCH_S3C2440 S3C2440 193
指定目标板machine、编译器和编译器路径
修改linux-2.6.33/Makefile,将
ARCH ?= $(SUBARCH)
CROSS_COMPILE ?=
修改成
#ARCH ?= $(SUBARCH)
#CROSS_COMPILE ?=
ARCH ?= arm
CROSS_COMPILE ?= /usr/local/arm/3.4.1/bin/arm-linux-
增加devfs文件管理器的支持
我们所用的文件系统使用的是devfs文件管理器。修改fs/Kconfig,
找到
menu "Pseudo filesystems"
添加如下语句:
config DEVFS_FS
bool "/dev file system support (OBSOLETE)"
default y
config DEVFS_MOUNT
bool "Automatically mount at boot"
default y
depends on DEVFS_FS
修改晶振频率( 可解决打印信息乱码问题 )
文件:arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c
/*s3c24xx_init_clocks(16934400);*/ s3c24xx_init_clocks(12000000);
修改MTD分区
文件: arch/arm/plat-s3c24xx/common-smdk.c
需要和bootloader中的分区信息相同(128M),否则,启动时出错。
static struct mtd_partition smdk_default_nand_part[] = {
[0] = {
.name = "Boot",
.size = 0x00100000,
.offset = 0
},
[1] = {
.name = "MyApp",
.size = 0x003c0000,
.offset = 0x00140000,
},
[2] = {
.name = "Kernel",
.size = 0x00300000,
.offset = 0x00500000,
},
[3] = {
.name = "fs_yaffs",
.size = 0x03c00000, //30M
.offset = 0x00800000,
},
[4] = {
.name = "WINCE",
.size = 0x03c00000,
.offset = 0x04400000,
}
};
关闭ECC校验
文件:drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2410.c
函数:s3c2410_nand_init_chip
/*chip->ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_SOFT; */ chip->ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_NONE;
修改nandflash驱动,支持K9F1G08的nandflash
修改drivers/mtd/nand下面的nand_bbt.c文件:
static struct nand_bbt_descr largepage_memorybased = {
.options = 0,
.offs = 0,
.len = 1, // 原数值为2,支持2K每页的flash修改为1。K9F1G08,K9F2G08是2k每页的flash
.pattern = scan_ff_pattern
};
static struct nand_bbt_descr largepage_flashbased = {
.options = NAND_BBT_SCAN2NDPAGE,
.offs = 0,
.len = 1, //原数值为2,支持2K每页的flash修改为1。K9F1G08,K9F2G08是2k每页的flash
.pattern = scan_ff_pattern
};
下面,开始配置内核。
进入linux-2.6.33目录,把s3c2410的默认配置写入config文件。
make s3c2410_defconfig
配置文件系统选项
配置yaffs2文件系统
修改配置如下:
File systems --->
[*] Miscellaneous filesystems --->
<*> YAFFS2 file system support
-*- 512 byte / page devices
-*- 2048 byte (or larger) / page devices
[*] Autoselect yaffs2 format
[*] Cache short names in RAM
配置cpu相关选项
修改配置如下:
System Type --->
S3C2440 Machines --->
[*] SMDK2440
[*] SMDK2440 with S3C2440 CPU module
去掉S3C2400 Machines、S3C2410 Machines、S3C2412 Machines、S3C2442 Machines的所有选项,否则会报错。如果现在编译内核,下载到开发板中,内核就可以正常启动了。呵呵,有了雏形,咱们继续移植设备驱动。
移植USB host驱动
在这个版本的linux内核,已经对USB驱动进行来很好的支持,仅仅需要修改配置。
Device Drivers --->
[*] USB support --->
{*} Support for Host-side USB
[*] USB device filesystem (DEPRECATED)
[*] USB device class-devices (DEPRECATED)
<*> OHCI HCD support
<*> USB Mass Storage support
[*] HID Devices --->
{*} Generic HID support
[*] /dev/hidraw raw HID device support
SCSI device support --->
<*> SCSI device support
[*] legacy /proc/scsi/ support
<*> SCSI disk support
<*> SCSI tape support
目前2.6.28.7版本的根文件系统的设备管理器是静态生成节点的,所以需要添加节点。
开发板启动以后,在/dev目录下输入一下命令:
mknod sda1 b 8 1
这个命令中的sda1是设备节点名
移植RTC驱动
在这个版本的linux内核,已经对RTC驱动进行来很好的支持,不需要修改配置。相应配置如下
Device Drivers --->
<*> Real Time Clock --->
[*] Set system time from RTC on startup and resume
(rtc0) RTC used to set the system time
[ ] RTC debug support
*** RTC interfaces ***
[*] /sys/class/rtc/rtcN (sysfs)
[*] /proc/driver/rtc (procfs for rtc0)
[*] /dev/rtcN (character devices)
<*> Samsung S3C series SoC RTC
然后添加对设备的支持
打开
arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c
添加设备,代码如下:
static struct platform_device *smdk2440_devices[] __initdata = {
&s3c_device_usb,
&s3c_device_lcd,
&s3c_device_wdt,
&s3c_device_i2c0,
&s3c_device_iis,
&s3c_device_rtc,
};
移植UDA1341驱动
在平台上添加和配置UDA1341:
修改
arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c
在开始添加头文件
#include
#include
添加设备配置
static struct s3c24xx_uda134x_platform_data s3c24xx_uda134x_data = {
.l3_clk = S3C2410_GPB(4),
.l3_data = S3C2410_GPB(3),
.l3_mode = S3C2410_GPB(2),
.model = UDA134X_UDA1341,
};
static struct platform_device s3c24xx_uda134x = {
.name = "s3c24xx_uda134x",
.dev = {
.platform_data = &s3c24xx_uda134x_data,
}
};
把设备添加到平台当中
static struct platform_device *smdk2440_devices[] __initdata = {
&s3c_device_usb,
&s3c_device_lcd,
&s3c_device_wdt,
&s3c_device_i2c0,
&s3c_device_iis,
&s3c_device_rtc,
&s3c24xx_uda134x,
};
配置如下
Device Drivers --->
<*> Sound card support --->
<*> Advanced Linux Sound Architecture --->
<*> OSS Mixer API
<*> OSS PCM (digital audio) API
[*] OSS PCM (digital audio) API - Include plugin system
[*] Support old ALSA API
[*] Verbose procfs contents
[*] Verbose printk
[*] Generic sound devices --->
<*> ALSA for SoC audio support --->
<*> SoC Audio for the Samsung S3C24XX chips
<*> SoC I2S Audio support UDA134X wired to a S3C24XX
移植DM9000驱动
1.修改 drivers/net/dm9000.c 文件:
头文件增加:
#include
#include
#include
在dm9000_probe 函数开始增加:
unsigned char ne_def_eth_mac_addr[]={0x00,0x12,0x34,0x56,0x80,0x49};
static void *bwscon;
static void *gpfcon;
static void *extint0;
static void *intmsk;
#define BWSCON (0x48000000)
#define GPFCON (0x56000050)
#define EXTINT0 (0x56000088)
#define INTMSK (0x4A000008)
bwscon=ioremap_nocache(BWSCON,0x0000004);
gpfcon=ioremap_nocache(GPFCON,0x0000004);
extint0=ioremap_nocache(EXTINT0,0x0000004);
intmsk=ioremap_nocache(INTMSK,0x0000004);
writel(readl(bwscon)|0xc0000,bwscon);
writel( (readl(gpfcon) & ~(0x3 << 14)) | (0x2 << 14), gpfcon);
writel( readl(gpfcon) | (0x1 << 7), gpfcon); // Disable pull-up
writel( (readl(extint0) & ~(0xf << 28)) | (0x4 << 28), extint0); //rising edge
writel( (readl(intmsk)) & ~0x80, intmsk);
在这个函数的最后需要修改:
if (!is_valid_ether_addr(ndev->dev_addr)) {
/* try reading from mac */
mac_src = "chip";
for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
//ndev->dev_addr[i] = ior(db, i+DM9000_PAR);
ndev->dev_addr[i] = ne_def_eth_mac_addr[i];
}
2. 修改arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c,添加设备
static struct platform_device *smdk2440_devices[] __initdata = {
&s3c_device_usb,
&s3c_device_lcd,
&s3c_device_wdt,
&s3c_device_i2c0,
&s3c_device_iis,
&s3c_device_rtc,
&s3c24xx_uda134x,
&s3c_device_dm9000,
};
3. 修改 arch/arm/plat-s3c24xx/devs.c
添加头文件
#include
static struct resource s3c_dm9000_resource[] = {
[0] = {
.start = S3C24XX_PA_DM9000,
.end = S3C24XX_PA_DM9000+ 0x3,
.flags = IORESOURCE_MEM
},
[1]={
.start = S3C24XX_PA_DM9000 + 0x4, //CMD pin is A2
.end = S3C24XX_PA_DM9000 + 0x4 + 0x7c,
.flags = IORESOURCE_MEM
},
[2] = {
.start = IRQ_EINT7,
.end = IRQ_EINT7,
.flags = IORESOURCE_IRQ
},
};
static struct dm9000_plat_data s3c_device_dm9000_platdata = {
.flags= DM9000_PLATF_16BITONLY,
};
struct platform_device s3c_device_dm9000 = {
.name= "dm9000",
.id= 0,
.num_resources= ARRAY_SIZE(s3c_dm9000_resource),
.resource= s3c_dm9000_resource,
.dev= {
.platform_data = &s3c_device_dm9000_platdata,
}
};
EXPORT_SYMBOL(s3c_device_dm9000);
4. 修改 arch/arm/plat-s3c/include/plat/devs.h 45行附近,添加
extern struct platform_device s3c_device_dm9000;
5.修改arch/arm/mach-s3c2410/include/mach/map.h 文件
/* DM9000 */
#define S3C24XX_PA_DM9000 0x20000300
#define S3C24XX_VA_DM9000 0xE0000000
3.5寸LCD显示的移植
更改arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c
/* LCD driver info */
static struct s3c2410fb_display smdk2440_lcd_cfg __initdata = {
.lcdcon5 = S3C2410_LCDCON5_FRM565 |
S3C2410_LCDCON5_INVVLINE |
S3C2410_LCDCON5_INVVFRAME |
S3C2410_LCDCON5_PWREN |
S3C2410_LCDCON5_HWSWP,
.type = S3C2410_LCDCON1_TFT,
.width = 240,
.height = 320,
.pixclock = 166667, /* HCLK 60 MHz, divisor 10 */
.xres = 240,
.yres = 320,
.bpp = 16,
.left_margin = 20,
.right_margin = 8,
.hsync_len = 4,
.upper_margin = 8,
.lower_margin = 7,
.vsync_len = 4,
};
static struct s3c2410fb_mach_info smdk2440_fb_info __initdata = {
.displays = &smdk2440_lcd_cfg,
.num_displays = 1,
.default_display = 0,
#if 0
/* currently setup by downloader */
.gpccon = 0xaa940659,
.gpccon_mask = 0xffffffff,
.gpcup = 0x0000ffff,
.gpcup_mask = 0xffffffff,
.gpdcon = 0xaa84aaa0,
.gpdcon_mask = 0xffffffff,
.gpdup = 0x0000faff,
.gpdup_mask = 0xffffffff,
#endif
.lpcsel = ((0xCE6) & ~7) | 1<<4,
};
修改uart2为普通串口以及测试程序
修改arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c中的uart2的配置,修改后如下:
static struct s3c2410_uartcfg smdk2440_uartcfgs[] __initdata = {
[0] = {
.hwport = 0,
.flags = 0,
.ucon = 0x3c5,
.ulcon = 0x03,
.ufcon = 0x51,
},
[1] = {
.hwport = 1,
.flags = 0,
.ucon = 0x3c5,
.ulcon = 0x03,
.ufcon = 0x51,
},
/* IR port */
[2] = {
.hwport = 2,
.flags = 0,
.ucon = 0x3c5,
.ulcon = 0x03,/*fatfish 0x43*/
.ufcon = 0x51,
}
};
在drivers/serial/samsung.c中添加对uart2控制器的配置,配置为普通串口。添加头文件:
#include
#include
在static int s3c24xx_serial_startup(struct uart_port *port)函数中,添加
if (port->line == 2) {
s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPH(6), S3C2410_GPH6_TXD2);
s3c2410_gpio_pullup(S3C2410_GPH(6), 1);
s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPH(7), S3C2410_GPH7_RXD2);
s3c2410_gpio_pullup(S3C2410_GPH(7), 1);
}
测试方法:
在linux内核源码中drivers/serial/samsung.c中
.dev_name = "ttySAC",
写明在开发板/dev目录下生成的ttySACx为串口设备结点。
使用命令:
getty 115200 /dev/ttySAC2
将终端交给com2,这样可以在com2中收到波特率为115200的终端信息。
这三个针的顺序:最靠近底板丝印层“com2”字样的针脚是com2的发送脚(需要接pc串口的接收脚),中间的是com2的接收脚(接pc串口的发送脚),剩下的那个是地(接pc串口的地)。
移植看门狗
修改配置
Device Drivers --->
[*] Watchdog Timer Support --->
<*> S3C2410 Watchdog
即可。但是要是打开看门狗还需要修改源码。稍后奉上看门狗使用方法和测试程序
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