JavaScript生成GUID的算法

http://www.iteye.com/topic/1134758

全局唯一标识符（GUID，Globally Unique Identifier）也称作 UUID(Universally Unique IDentifier) 。

GUID是一种由算法生成的二进制长度为128位的数字标识符。GUID 的格式为“xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx”，其中的 x 是 0-9 或 a-f 范围内的一个32位十六进制数。在理想情况下，任何计算机和计算机集群都不会生成两个相同的GUID。

GUID 的总数达到了2^128（3.4×10^38）个，所以随机生成两个相同GUID的可能性非常小，但并不为0。GUID一词有时也专指微软对UUID标准的实现。

 

算法1

 function uuid() {
     var s = [];
     var hexDigits = "0123456789abcdef";
     for (var i = 0; i < 36; i++) {
         s[i] = hexDigits.substr(Math.floor(Math.random() * 0x10), 1);
     }
     s[14] = "4";  // bits 12-15 of the time_hi_and_version field to 0010
     s[19] = hexDigits.substr((s[19] & 0x3) | 0x8, 1);  // bits 6-7 of the clock_seq_hi_and_reserved to 01
     s[8] = s[13] = s[18] = s[23] = "-";

     var uuid = s.join("");
     return uuid;
 }

算法2

 function guid() {
     return 'xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx'.replace(/[xy]/g, function(c) {
         var r = Math.random()*16|0, v = c == 'x' ? r : (r&0x3|0x8);
         return v.toString(16);
     });
 }

算法3

 function guid() {
     function S4() {
        return (((1+Math.random())*0x10000)|0).toString(16).substring(1);
     }
     return (S4()+S4()+"-"+S4()+"-"+S4()+"-"+S4()+"-"+S4()+S4()+S4());
 }

 

算法4

 function uuid(len, radix) {
     var chars = '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'.split('');
     var uuid = [], i;
     radix = radix || chars.length;

     if (len) {
       // Compact form
       for (i = 0; i < len; i++) uuid[i] = chars[0 | Math.random()*radix];
     } else {
       // rfc4122, version 4 form
       var r;

       // rfc4122 requires these characters
       uuid[8] = uuid[13] = uuid[18] = uuid[23] = '-';
       uuid[14] = '4';

       // Fill in random data.  At i==19 set the high bits of clock sequence as
       // per rfc4122, sec. 4.1.5
       for (i = 0; i < 36; i++) {
         if (!uuid[i]) {
           r = 0 | Math.random()*16;
           uuid[i] = chars[(i == 19) ? (r & 0x3) | 0x8 : r];
         }
       }
     }

     return uuid.join('');
 }

 

这个可以指定长度和基数。比如

 // 8 character ID (base=2)
 uuid(8, 2)  //  "01001010"
 // 8 character ID (base=10)
 uuid(8, 10) // "47473046"
 // 8 character ID (base=16)
 uuid(8, 16) // "098F4D35"

 

相关：

http://www.broofa.com/2008/09/javascript-uuid-function/

http://note19.com/2007/05/27/javascript-guid-generator/

http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4122.txt

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/105034/how-to-create-a-guid-uuid-in-javascript/873856#873856