Android 蓝牙设备通讯的开发(配对/连接/传输数据)
最近公司想做一个关于蓝牙的项目,同时我也学习到了很多关于蓝牙方面的很多知识点,希望在这里跟大家分享下,不足之处有望指明.
项目源码:http://download.csdn.net/detail/qq_30552993/9529815
这里先附上项目图片,不过这里ListView中如果是已配对的就进行连接,如果是未配对的就进行配对,配对完成之后这里的话要重新搜索设备,这里没做刷新.还有就是可以在两只手机上都装上这个,再连接上就可以进行发送到另一只手机上去,不知道为什么有时候好像蓝牙有些不知是否不太稳定,出现搜索蓝牙有些没搜到.
在很多方面，蓝牙是一种能够发送或接受两个不同的设备之间传输的数据。 Android平台包含了蓝牙框架，使设备以无线方式与其他蓝牙设备进行数据交换的支持。
Android提供蓝牙API来执行这些不同的操作。
- 扫描其他蓝牙设备
- 获取配对设备列表
- 连接到通过服务发现其他设备
- Android提供BluetoothAdapter类蓝牙通信。通过调用创建的对象的静态方法getDefaultAdapter()。其语法如下给出。
private BluetoothAdapter BA;
BA = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();- 这里我把一些关于蓝牙的打开/关闭/配对/连接/数据传输的线程都封装BlueToothUtils这个蓝牙工具类中
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.UUID;
/**
* Created by shaolin on 5/23/16.
*/
public class BlueToothUtils {
private static final String TAG = "BlueToothUtils";
private Context mContext;
public static BlueToothUtils sInstance;
private BluetoothAdapter mBA;
// UUID.randomUUID()随机获取UUID
private final UUID MY_UUID = UUID
.fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3");
// 连接对象的名称
private final String NAME = "LGL";
// 这里本身即是服务端也是客户端，需要如下类
private BluetoothSocket mSocket;
private BluetoothDevice mOldDevice;
private BluetoothDevice mCurDevice;
// 输出流_客户端需要往服务端输出
private OutputStream os;
//线程类的实例
private AcceptThread ac;
public static synchronized BlueToothUtils getInstance() {
if (sInstance == null) {
sInstance = new BlueToothUtils();
}
return sInstance;
}
public BlueToothUtils() {
mBA = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
ac = new AcceptThread();
}
public void setContext(Context context) {
this.mContext = context;
}
public BluetoothAdapter getBA() {
return mBA;
}
public AcceptThread getAc() {
return ac;
}
public BluetoothDevice getCurDevice() {
return mCurDevice;
}
/**
* 判断是否打开蓝牙
*
* @return
*/
public boolean isEnabled() {
if (mBA.isEnabled()) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* 搜索设备
*/
public void searchDevices() {
// 判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索
if (mBA.isDiscovering()) {
mBA.cancelDiscovery();
}
// 开始搜索
mBA.startDiscovery();
Log.e(TAG, "正在搜索...");
}
/**
* 获取已经配对的设备
*
* @return
*/
public List getBondedDevices() {
List devices = new ArrayList<>();
Set pairedDevices = mBA.getBondedDevices();
// 判断是否有配对过的设备
if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
devices.add(device);
Log.e(TAG, "BondedDevice:" + device.getName());
}
}
return devices;
}
/**
* 与设备配对
*
* @param device
*/
public void createBond(BluetoothDevice device) {
try {
Method createBondMethod = BluetoothDevice.class.getMethod("createBond");
createBondMethod.invoke(device);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 与设备解除配对
*
* @param device
*/
public void removeBond(BluetoothDevice device) {
try {
Method removeBondMethod = device.getClass().getMethod("removeBond");
removeBondMethod.invoke(device);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
*
* @param device
* @param str 设置PIN码
* @return
*/
public boolean setPin(BluetoothDevice device, String str) {
try {
Method removeBondMethod = device.getClass().getDeclaredMethod("setPin",
new Class[]{byte[].class});
Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) removeBondMethod.invoke(device,
new Object[]{str.getBytes()});
Log.e("returnValue", "" + returnValue);
} catch (SecurityException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return true;
}
/**
* 取消用户输入
*/
public boolean cancelPairingUserInput(BluetoothDevice device) {
Boolean returnValue = false;
try {
Method createBondMethod = device.getClass().getMethod("cancelPairingUserInput");
returnValue = (Boolean) createBondMethod.invoke(device);
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// cancelBondProcess()
return returnValue.booleanValue();
}
/**
* 取消配对
*/
public boolean cancelBondProcess(BluetoothDevice device) {
Boolean returnValue = null;
try {
Method createBondMethod = device.getClass().getMethod("cancelBondProcess");
returnValue = (Boolean) createBondMethod.invoke(device);
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return returnValue.booleanValue();
}
/**
* @param strAddr
* @param strPsw
* @return
*/
public boolean pair(String strAddr, String strPsw) {
boolean result = false;
mBA.cancelDiscovery();
if (!mBA.isEnabled()) {
mBA.enable();
}
if (!BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(strAddr)) { // 检查蓝牙地址是否有效
Log.d("mylog", "devAdd un effient!");
}
BluetoothDevice device = mBA.getRemoteDevice(strAddr);
if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
Log.d("mylog", "NOT BOND_BONDED");
try {
setPin(device, strPsw); // 手机和蓝牙采集器配对
createBond(device);
result = true;
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.d("mylog", "setPiN failed!");
e.printStackTrace();
} //
} else {
Log.d("mylog", "HAS BOND_BONDED");
try {
createBond(device);
setPin(device, strPsw); // 手机和蓝牙采集器配对
createBond(device);
result = true;
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.d("mylog", "setPiN failed!");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* 获取device.getClass()这个类中的所有Method
*
* @param clsShow
*/
public void printAllInform(Class clsShow) {
try {
// 取得所有方法
Method[] hideMethod = clsShow.getMethods();
int i = 0;
for (; i < hideMethod.length; i++) {
Log.e("method name", hideMethod[i].getName() + ";and the i is:" + i);
}
// 取得所有常量
Field[] allFields = clsShow.getFields();
for (i = 0; i < allFields.length; i++) {
Log.e("Field name", allFields[i].getName());
}
} catch (SecurityException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 打开蓝牙
*/
public void openBlueTooth() {
if (!mBA.isEnabled()) {
// 弹出对话框提示用户是后打开
/*Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(intent, 1);*/
// 不做提示，强行打开
mBA.enable();
showToast("打开蓝牙");
} else {
showToast("蓝牙已打开");
}
}
/**
* 关闭蓝牙
*/
public void closeBlueTooth() {
mBA.disable();
showToast("关闭蓝牙");
}
/**
* 弹出Toast窗口
*
* @param message
*/
private void showToast(String message) {
if (mContext != null) {
Toast.makeText(mContext, message, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} else {
Log.e(TAG, "message:" + message);
}
}
/**
* 主动连接蓝牙
*
* @param device
*/
public void connectDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
// 判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索
if (mBA.isDiscovering()) {
mBA.cancelDiscovery();
}
try {
// 获得远程设备
if (mCurDevice == null || mCurDevice != mOldDevice) {
mCurDevice = mBA.getRemoteDevice(device.getAddress());
mOldDevice = mCurDevice;
Log.e(TAG, "device:" + mCurDevice);
mSocket = mCurDevice.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);
// 连接
mSocket.connect();
// 获得输出流
os = mSocket.getOutputStream();
}
// 如果成功获得输出流
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 传输数据
*
* @param message
*/
public void write(String message) {
try {
if (os != null) {
os.write(message.getBytes("GBK"));
}
Log.e(TAG, "write:" + message);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// 服务端，需要监听客户端的线程类
private Handler handler = new Handler() {
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
showToast(String.valueOf(msg.obj));
Log.e(TAG, "服务端:" + msg.obj);
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
};
// 线程服务类
public class AcceptThread extends Thread {
private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket;
private BluetoothSocket socket;
// 输入 输出流
private OutputStream os;
private InputStream is;
public AcceptThread() {
try {
serverSocket = mBA.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
// 截获客户端的蓝牙消息
try {
socket = serverSocket.accept(); // 如果阻塞了，就会一直停留在这里
is = socket.getInputStream();
os = socket.getOutputStream();
while (true) {
synchronized (this) {
byte[] tt = new byte[is.available()];
if (tt.length > 0) {
is.read(tt, 0, tt.length);
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = new String(tt, "GBK");
Log.e(TAG, "客户端:" + msg.obj);
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
参考:http://www.yiibai.com/android/android_bluetooth.html
http://www.cnblogs.com/jason-star/archive/2012/09/10/2678368.html