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publisher-confirms ,实现一个监听器用于监听 broker 端给我们返回的确认请求: RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback
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publisher-returns, 保证消息对 broker 端是可达的,如果出现路由键不可达的情况,则使用监听器对不可达的消息进行后续处理,保证消息的路由成功: RabbitTemplate.ReturnCallback
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注意一点,在发送消息的时候对 template 进行配置 mandatory = true 保证监听有效。在生产端还可以配置其他属性,比如发送重试、超时时间、次数、间隔等
代码实现:
消费端代码地址:https://github.com/hmilyos/rabbitmqdemo.git
rabbitmq-springboot/rabbitmq-springboot-consumer 项目下
生产端代码地址:https://github.com/hmilyos/rabbitmqdemo.git
rabbitmq-springboot/rabbitmq-springboot-product 项目下
通用依赖:
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-parent
2.0.4.RELEASE
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org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-test
test
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-amqp
org.projectlombok
lombok
1.16.6
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消费端:
核心配置在配置文件里面
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首先配置手工确认签收模式,用于ACK 的手工处理,这样我们可以保证消息的可靠性送达,或者在消费端消费失败的时候可以做到重回队列(不建议重回队列)、根据业务记录日志等处理。
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设置消费端的监听个数和最大个数,用于控制消费端的并发情况
spring.rabbitmq.addresses=192.168.0.7:5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/
spring.rabbitmq.connection-timeout=15000
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.acknowledge-mode=manual
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.concurrency=5
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.max-concurrency=10
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主配置:
@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.hmily.*"})
public class MainConfig {
}
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消费端的监听 RabbitListener
这个注解很好用!!!
RabbitListener
是一个组合注解,里面可以注解配置 。 @QueueBinding @Queue @Exchange
直接通过这个组合注解一次性搞定消费端交换机、队列、绑定、路由、并且配置监听功能等。
Message 使用的是 org.springframework.messaging.Message
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@Slf4j
@Component
public class RabbitReceiver {
@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
value = @Queue(value = "queue-1",
durable="true"),
exchange = @Exchange(value = "exchange-1",
durable="true",
type= "topic",
ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "true"),
key = "springboot.*"
)
)
@RabbitHandler
public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception {
log.info("--------------------------------------");
log.info("消费端Payload: " + message.getPayload());
Long deliveryTag = (Long)message.getHeaders().get(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG);
//手工ACK
channel.basicAck(deliveryTag, false);
}
}
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生产端
生产端的核心配置
配置文件:
spring.rabbitmq.addresses=192.168.0.7:5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/
spring.rabbitmq.connection-timeout=15000
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true
# return 的时候代表消息不可达,设置 broker 不自动删除该消息,
# 而是返回到生产端,让我们进行一些后续的处理
spring.rabbitmq.template.mandatory=true
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spring.rabbitmq.template.mandatory=true
的意思是: return 的时候代表消息不可达,设置 broker 不自动删除该消息,而是返回到生产端,让我们进行一些后续的处理
主配置类:
@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.hmily.*"})
public class MainConfig {
}
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消费端发送代码
@Slf4j
@Component
public class RabbitSender {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
//回调函数: confirm确认
final ConfirmCallback confirmCallback = new RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback() {
@Override
public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData, boolean ack, String cause) {
log.info("correlationData: " + correlationData);
log.info("ack: " + ack);
if(!ack){
log.info("异常处理....");
}
}
};
//回调函数: return返回
final ReturnCallback returnCallback = new RabbitTemplate.ReturnCallback() {
@Override
public void returnedMessage(org.springframework.amqp.core.Message message, int replyCode,
String replyText, String exchange, String routingKey) {
log.info("return exchange: {}, routingKey: {}, replyCode: {}, replyText: {}",
exchange, routingKey, replyCode, replyText);
}
};
//发送消息方法调用: 构建Message消息
public void send(Object message, Map properties) throws Exception {
MessageHeaders mhs = new MessageHeaders(properties);
Message
写个单元测试用例
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class RabbitmqSpringbootProductApplicationTests {
@Test
public void contextLoads() {
}
@Autowired
private RabbitSender rabbitSender;
private static SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS");
@Test
public void testSender1() throws Exception {
Map properties = new HashMap<>();
properties.put("number", "12345");
properties.put("send_time", simpleDateFormat.format(new Date()));
rabbitSender.send("Hello RabbitMQ For Spring Boot!", properties);
}
}
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运行单元测试
看消费端的日志 修改一下发送时的 routingkey ,模拟发送失败 就进入 returnCallback发送一个 Java 实体
先在消费端 声明一些队列、交换机、routingKey 的配置
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.name=queue-2
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.durable=true
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.name=exchange-2
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.durable=true
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.type=topic
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.ignoreDeclarationExceptions=true
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.key=springboot.*
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消费端:
@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
value = @Queue(value = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.name}",
durable="${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.durable}"),
exchange = @Exchange(value = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.name}",
durable="${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.durable}",
type= "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.type}",
ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.ignoreDeclarationExceptions}"),
key = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.key}"
)
)
@RabbitHandler
public void onOrderMessage(@Payload Order order,
Channel channel,
@Headers Map headers) throws Exception {
log.info("--------------------------------------");
log.info("消费端order: " + order.getId());
Long deliveryTag = (Long)headers.get(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG);
//手工ACK
channel.basicAck(deliveryTag, false);
}
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这里面有个特别需要注意的地方,Payload 里面的路径要跟 生产端的实体路径完全一致,要不然会找到不到这个类的!!!
我这里为了简便就不写一个 common.jar 了,在实际开发里面,这个 java bean 应该放在 common.jar 里面
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注意实体要实现 Serializable 序列化接口,要不然发送消息会失败的!!
@Getter
@Setter
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Order implements Serializable {
private String id;
private String name;
}
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生产端 照样跟着写一个发消息的方法
//发送消息方法调用: 构建自定义对象消息
public void sendOrder(Order order) throws Exception {
rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(confirmCallback);
rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback(returnCallback);
//id + 时间戳 全局唯一
String id = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
log.info("sendOrder id: {}", id);
CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(id);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange-2", "springboot.def", order, correlationData);
}
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写单元测试
@Test
public void testSender2() throws Exception {
Order order = new Order("001", "第一个订单");
rabbitSender.sendOrder(order);
}
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运行单元测试
验证 Java 实体消息发送成功