基于51单片机的指纹密码锁设计
1、设计需求及目标
1.系统的基本功能，要求能够对指纹进行录入、识别和删除，能够实现最多1000枚的指纹录入识别，能够实现指纹识别成功开锁功能。并设有4*4按键键盘，实现密码录入、修改和特殊功能。
2. 根据功能要求及性价比，选择STC89C52单片机。
3.合理选择元器件，完成功能按键键盘模块、时钟模块、指纹识别模块，LCD12864显示电路的设计。
4.设计出硬件电路原理图。搭建硬件电路，编写程序，进行系统调试。
2、设计思路及方案
该设计是一个基于51单片机的指纹密码锁系统的设计，它可以实现指纹识别成功开锁功能，指纹识别成功，指示灯亮，继电器动作开锁，人员可以进入；指纹识别不成功，指示灯不亮，继电器不动作，人员不可以进入，在管理员模式下还可以实现指纹的录入、指纹的删除、紧急开锁及密码修改功能，其中删除指纹可以实现删除指定指纹号的指纹，并用LCD12864液晶显示器进行显示相关操作步骤。当录入和识别指纹时，LCD12864液晶显示器上会显示对应的指纹编号及相关提示信息。硬件电路：
3、部分资料
#include
#include
#include"24C0x.h"
#include"LCD12864.h"
#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int
#define buffer1ID 0x01
#define buffer2ID 0x02
#define queren 0x88
#define tuichu 0x85
#define shanchu 0x82
#define User 1
void fan();
sbit B0=B^0;
sbit B7=B^7;
sbit k2=P3^7;
sbit jidianqi=P3^6;
extern unsigned char times[];
uchar Member=0,sec;
uchar code buffer[User][6]=
{
{"000000"}
};
uchar dz[4];
uchar time[4];
uchar mima[6];
uchar mimag[6];
uchar mimaID[6]={1,2,3,4,5,6};
uchar Address1=20,tempx=20;
uchar Address2=20;
uchar data K;
uchar data Key;
uint PageID;
uchar data querenma=11;
uchar sum[2];
int summaf,summas;
uchar xdata UserPassword[7]={0};//密码
uchar xdata DSY_BUFFER[16] ={0};//缓存
void Red_Init(void);
//检测脉冲宽度
unsigned char check(void);
unsigned char redchange(unsigned char rednum);
void delayms(unsigned int z)
{
unsigned int x,y;
for(x=z;x>0;x--)
for(y=110;y>0;y--);
}
/********************************************************************
* 名称 : Chack(uchar User_Number)
* 功能 : 单一用户密码检测
* 输入 : User_Number
* 输出 : 密码正确与错误，错误返回0，正确返回1
********************************************************************/
uchar Chack(uchar User_Number)
{
uchar flag, i,temp[6],Address;
Address=User_Number*10;
for(i=0;i<6;i++)
{
temp[i]=x24c02_read(Address);
delayms(10);
Address++;
}
for(i=0;i<6;i++)
{
if(temp[i]==UserPassword[i])
flag=1;
else
flag=0;
}
return flag;
}
/********************************************************************
* 名称 : PassWord_Chack()
* 功能 : 所有用户密码检测
* 输入 : 无
* 输出 : 密码正确与错误，错误返回0，正确返回1
********************************************************************/
uchar PassWord_Chack()
{
uchar i=0;
while(i>8;
SBUF=sum[1];
while(TI==0)
TI=0;
SBUF=sum[0];
while(TI==0)
TI=0;
for(i=0;i<9;i++)
{
while(RI==0);
RI=0;}
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
querenma=SBUF;
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
sum[1]=SBUF;
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
sum[0]=SBUF;
summas=(sum[1]<<8)+sum[0];
}
void SFG_fastsearch(uchar bufferID) //搜索指纹返回指纹ID号 sum、pagenum>255都会使程序卡@@@
{
uchar i,ID1,ID2;
SBUF=0xef;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X01;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0XFF;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0XFF;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0XFF;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0XFF;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X01;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X00;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X08;
while(TI==0);
TI=1;
SBUF=0X1b;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=bufferID;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X00;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X00;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=180;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
summaf=9+0x1b+bufferID+180;
sum[0]=summaf;
sum[1]=summaf>>8;
SBUF=sum[1];
while(TI==0);
TI=1;
SBUF=sum[0];
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
for(i=0;i<9;i++)
{
while(RI==0);
RI=0;}
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
querenma=SBUF;
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
ID1=SBUF;
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
ID2=SBUF; //接收到的ID号
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
sum[1]=SBUF;
while(RI==0);
RI=1;
sum[0]=SBUF;
summas=(sum[1]<<8)+sum[0];
//PageID=ID1;
PageID=(ID1<<8)+ID2;
}
void SFG_enroll() //自动注册模板返回存储ID =录图像+合并生成模板+储存模板
{
uchar i,ID1,ID2;
SBUF=0xef;
while(TI==0);
TI=1;
SBUF=0X01;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0XFF;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0XFF;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0XFF;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0XFF;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X01;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X00;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X03;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X10;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X00;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
summaf=0x14;
SBUF=summaf; //校验和
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
for(i=0;i<9;i++)
{
while(RI==0);
RI=1;}
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
querenma=SBUF;
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
ID1=SBUF;
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
ID2=SBUF;
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
sum[1]=SBUF;
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
sum[0]=SBUF;
summas=(sum[1]<<8)+sum[0];
//PageID=ID1;
PageID=(ID1<<8)+ID2;
}
void SFG_deletchar(uint pageID) //删除指纹 校验和在2字节的页码处应分高低字节相加
{
uchar i,ID1,ID2;
SBUF=0xef;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X01;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0XFF;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0XFF;
while(TI==0);
TI=1;
SBUF=0XFF;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0XFF;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X01;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X00;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X07;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X0c;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
ID1=pageID;ID2=pageID>>8;
SBUF=ID2;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=ID1;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X00;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=1;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
summaf=0x15+ID1+ID2;
sum[0]=summaf;
sum[1]=summaf>>8;
SBUF=sum[1];
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=sum[0];
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
for(i=0;i<9;i++)
{
while(RI==0);
RI=0;}
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
querenma=SBUF;
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
sum[1]=SBUF;
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
sum[0]=SBUF;
summas=(sum[1]<<8)+sum[0];
}
void SFG_identify() //自动验证指纹 录图像+生成特征+搜索
{
uchar i,ID1,ID2;
SBUF=0xef;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X01;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0XFF;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0XFF;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0XFF;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0XFF;
while(TI==0);
TI=1;
SBUF=0X01;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X00;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X03;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X11;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
SBUF=0X00;
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
summaf=0x15;
SBUF=summaf; //校验和
while(TI==0);
TI=0;
for(i=0;i<9;i++)
{
while(RI==0);
RI=0;}
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
querenma=SBUF;
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
ID1=SBUF;
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
ID2=SBUF;
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
while(RI==0);
RI=0; //得分
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
sum[1]=SBUF;
while(RI==0);
RI=0;
sum[0]=SBUF;
summas=(sum[1]>>8)+sum[0];
//PageID=ID1;
PageID=(ID1>>8)+ID2;
}
void shuazhiwen()
{
uchar IDs1,IDs2,IDs3;
LcmClearTXT();
PutStr(1,1,"请按手指开锁");
SFG_identify();
while(querenma==2)
SFG_identify();
if(querenma==0)
{
LcmClearTXT();
PutStr(1,2,"门已打开");
IDs1=PageID/100;
IDs2=PageID/10%10;
IDs3=PageID%10;
PutStr(2,1,"编号为:");
WriteCommand(0x8D); //指定第三行显示位置
WriteData(0x30+IDs1);
WriteData(0x30+IDs2);
WriteData(0x30+IDs3);
jidianqi=0;
delay(2500);
jidianqi=1;
}
else if(querenma==9)
{
LcmClearTXT();
PutStr(1,1,"没搜索到指纹");
PutStr(2,1,"请重新按手指");
}
else
{
LcmClearTXT();
PutStr(1,1,"接收包出错");
}
delay(2000);
// while(Keycan()==0);
}
void addfinger()
{
uchar IDa1,IDa2,IDa3;
LcmClearTXT();
PutStr(1,2,"请按手指");
SFG_getimage();
while(querenma!=0)
SFG_getimage();
SFG_genchar(buffer1ID);
UART_Init();
SFG_fastsearch(buffer1ID);
while(querenma==1)
SFG_fastsearch(buffer1ID);
if(querenma==0)
{
LcmClearTXT();
PutStr(1,1,"该指纹已存储");
PutStr(3,0," 按任意键继续");
while(Keycan()==0);
}
else if(querenma==9)
{
LcmClearTXT();
PutStr(1,1,"请再次按手指");
SFG_enroll();
while(querenma==2)
SFG_enroll();
LcmClearTXT();
if(querenma==0)
{
IDa1=PageID/100;IDa2=PageID/10%10;IDa3=PageID%10;
PutStr(1,1,"指纹采集成功");
PutStr(2,1,"编号为:");
WriteCommand(0x8D);
WriteData(0x30+IDa1);WriteData(0x30+IDa2);WriteData(0x30+IDa3);
}
else if(querenma!=0)
{
PutStr(1,1,"指纹采集失败");
PutStr(2,1,"请重新操作");
}
PutStr(3,0," 按任意键继续");
while(Keycan()==0);
}
LcmClearTXT();
}
void deletfinger()
{
uchar i,j=0;
LcmClearTXT();
PutStr(1,0,"输入删去的指纹号");
for(i=0;i<5;i++)dz[i]=0;
Key=Keycan();
while(Key!=queren)
{
Key=Keycan();
KeyDeal(Key);
delay(30); //按键有抖动@@@
if(Key==0)K=10;
if((K>=0)&&(K<=9))
{
dz[j]=K;
if(j<3)
{
WriteCommand(0x88+j); //指定第三行显示位置
WriteData(0x30+dz[j]);
}
++j;
if(j==4)
j=3; //@@#yinhuang
} //显示LCD12864并行显示
if(K==34) //按了删除键
{
if(j==0)
{
WriteCommand(0x88); //指定第三行显示位置
WriteData(0x20);
}
else
{
--j;
WriteCommand(0x88+j); //指定第三行显示位置
WriteData(0x20);
}
}
}
if(j>=2)
PageID=dz[2]+dz[1]*10+dz[0]*100;
if(j==1)
PageID=dz[1]+dz[0]*10;
if(j==0)
PageID=dz[0];
SFG_deletchar(PageID);
if(querenma==1)
{
LcmClearTXT();
PutStr(1,1,"删去指纹号成功！");
}
else
{
LcmClearTXT();
PutStr(1,2,"删去指纹号失败！");
}
PutStr(2,0," 按任意键继续");
while(Keycan()==0);
LcmClearTXT();
}
void gaimima()
{
uchar i,j=0,mima1[4],mima2[4];
uchar k,temp;
LcmClearTXT();
PutStr(1,1,"请输入新密码");
for(i=0;i<6;i++)mima1[i]=0;
Key=Keycan();
while(Key!=queren)
{
Key=Keycan();
KeyDeal(Key);
delay(30);
if(Key==0)K=10;
if((K>=0)&&(K<=9))
{
mima1[j]=K;
if(j<6)
{
WriteCommand(0x89+j); //指定第三行显示位置
WriteData(0x0f);
}
++j;
if(j==7)
j=6; //@@#yinhuang
} //显示LCD12864并行显示
if(K==34) //按了删除键
{
if(j==0)
{
WriteCommand(0x89); //指定第三行显示位置
WriteData(0x20);
}
else
{
--j;
WriteCommand(0x89+j); //指定第三行显示位置
WriteData(0x40);
}
}
}
LcmClearTXT();
LcmClearTXT();
j=0;
PutStr(1,0,"请再次输入新密码");
for(i=0;i<6;i++)mima2[i]=0;
Key=Keycan();
while(Key!=queren)
{
Key=Keycan();
KeyDeal(Key);
delay(30);
if(Key==0)K=10;
if((K>=0)&&(K<=9))
{
mima2[j]=K;
if(j<6)
{
WriteCommand(0x89+j); //指定第三行显示位置
WriteData(0x0f);
}
++j;
if(j==7)
j=6; //@@#yinhuang
} //显示LCD12864并行显示
if(K==34) //按了删除键
{
if(j==0)
{
WriteCommand(0x89); //指定第三行显示位置
WriteData(0x20);
}
else
{
--j;
WriteCommand(0x89+j); //指定第三行显示位置
WriteData(0x20);
}
}
}
LcmClearTXT();
if((mima1[0]==mima2[0])&&(mima1[1]==mima2[1])&&(mima1[2]==mima2[2])&&(mima1[3]==mima2[3])&&(mima1[4]==mima2[4])&&(mima1[5]==mima2[5]))
{
for(i=0;i<6;i++)
mimaID[i]=mima1[i];
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////
for(i=0;i<6;i++) //密码限制在6位以内
{
UserPassword[i]=mima1[i]+0x30;
}
temp=(Member-1)*100;
delayms(5);
for(k=1;k<6;k++)
{
x24c02_write(temp,UserPassword[k]);
delayms(10);
temp++;
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////
PutStr(0,1,"密码修改成功");
PutStr(3,0," 按任意键继续");
while(Keycan()==0);
}
else
{
PutStr(0,0," 密码修改失败 ");
PutStr(1,0,"两次输入的密码不");
PutStr(2,0,"一致，请重新操作");
PutStr(3,0," 按任意键继续");
while(Keycan()==0);
}
LcmClearTXT();
}
void zhu()
{
LcmClearTXT();
PutStr(1,2,"门已打开");
jidianqi=0;
delay(2500);
jidianqi=1;
PutStr(3,0," 按任意键继续");
while(Keycan()==0);
}
void guanliyuan()
{ uchar i,j=0,x=1;
uchar Right_flag;
LcmClearTXT();
PutStr(1,1,"请输入密码：");
for(i=0;i<6;i++)mima[i]=0;
Key=Keycan();
while(Key!=queren)
{
Key=Keycan();
KeyDeal(Key);
delay(30);
if(Key==0)K=10;
if((K>=0)&&(K<=9))
{
mima[j]=K;
if(j<6)
{
WriteCommand(0x89+j); //指定第三行显示位置
WriteData(0x0f);
}
++j;
if(j==7)
j=6;
} //显示LCD12864并行显示
if(K==34) //按了删除键
{
if(j==0)
{
WriteCommand(0x89); //指定第三行显示位置
WriteData(0x20);
}
else
{
--j;
WriteCommand(0x89+j); //指定第三行显示位置
WriteData(0x20);
}
}
}
LcmClearTXT();
for(i=0;i<6;i++)
{
UserPassword[i]=mima[i]+0x30;
}
if(j==6){Right_flag=PassWord_Chack(); }
if (Right_flag==1)
{
Right_flag=0;
while(Keycan()!=tuichu)
{
PutStr(0,0,"按键1 : 增加指纹");
PutStr(1,0,"按键2 : 删去指纹");
PutStr(2,0,"按键3 : 手动开锁");
PutStr(3,0,"按键4 : 修改密码");
KeyDeal(Keycan());
switch(K)
{
case 1: addfinger();K=8; break;
case 2: deletfinger(); break;
case 3: zhu(); K=6; break;
case 4: gaimima(); break;
default: break;
}
}
}
else
{
PutStr(1,2,"密码错误");
PutStr(2,0," 请重新操作！");
PutStr(3,0," 按任意键继续");
while(Keycan()==0);
}
Key=0;
LcmClearTXT();
}
void fan()
{
// PutStr(1,2,"请先按键");
// PutStr(2,2,"再刷指纹");
PutStr(0,2,"欢迎使用");
PutStr(1,1,"指纹门禁系统");
PutStr(3,1,"请按手指开锁");
Key=Keycan();
if(k2==1) //指纹刷机
{
LcmClearTXT();
shuazhiwen();
LcmClearTXT();
}
if(Key==0x81) //管理员操作
{
LcmClearTXT();
guanliyuan();
LcmClearTXT();
}
}
void main()
{
//PSB=0;
UART_Init(); //串口初始化
x24c02_init(); //24C02初始化
LcmInit(); //LCD12864初始化
LcmClearTXT(); //LCD12864清屏
while(1)
{
fan();
delay(100);
}
} 完整资料：
https://market.m.taobao.com/app/idleFish-F2e/widle-taobao-rax/page-detail?wh_weex=true&wx_navbar_transparent=true&id=615019330061&ut_sk=1.WUpxx7gpwUoDAMmnnrBIzAno_12431167_1585639245087.Copy.detail.615019330061.1828622527&forceFlush=1