SpringBoot集成hystrix
文章目录
- hystrix有什么用
- 在SpringBoot项目中集成
- 更多配置示例
- 配置线程池
- 配置信号量
- 配合feignClient使用
- 基本配置
- 可视化组件
- 视图hystrix-dashboard
- 汇总监控turbine
- 参考
hystrix有什么用
- 资源隔离：包括线程池隔离和信号量隔离，限制调用分布式服务的资源使用，某一个调用的服务出现问题不会影响其他服务调用。
- 降级机制：超时降级、资源不足时(线程或信号量)降级，降级后可以配合降级接口返回托底数据。
- 融断：当失败率达到阀值自动触发降级(如因网络故障/超时造成的失败率高)，熔断器触发的快速失败会进行快速恢复。
- 缓存：提供了请求缓存、请求合并实现。
在SpringBoot项目中集成
引入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrixartifactId>
dependency>
启用hystrix
@EnableCircuitBreaker
使用示例
@Component
@RestController
public class HelloService {
@RequestMapping("/hi")
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "hiFail")
public String hi(String name){
// try {
// Thread.sleep(5000);
// } catch (InterruptedException e) {
// e.printStackTrace();
// }
// throw new RuntimeException("test");
return "hi "+name;
}
public String hiFail(String name){
return "hiFail "+name;
}
}
通过注解@HystrixCommand标记方法调用失败或超时时，跳转的fallbackMethod方法
配置监控路径
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean getServlet(){
HystrixMetricsStreamServlet streamServlet = new HystrixMetricsStreamServlet();
ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(streamServlet);
registrationBean.setLoadOnStartup(1); //系统启动时加载顺序
registrationBean.addUrlMappings("/actuator/hystrix.stream");//路径
registrationBean.setName("HystrixMetricsStreamServlet");
return registrationBean;
}
更多配置示例
配置线程池
@Component
@RestController
public class Hello2Service {
@RequestMapping("/hello2")
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "hiFail", commandProperties = {
@HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "500")
},
threadPoolProperties = {
@HystrixProperty(name = "coreSize", value = "10"),
@HystrixProperty(name = "maxQueueSize", value = "20"),
@HystrixProperty(name = "keepAliveTimeMinutes", value = "0"),
@HystrixProperty(name = "queueSizeRejectionThreshold", value = "15"),
@HystrixProperty(name = "metrics.rollingStats.numBuckets", value = "12"),
@HystrixProperty(name = "metrics.rollingStats.timeInMilliseconds", value = "1440")
})
public String hi(String name) {
try {
Thread.sleep(5);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "hi " + name;
}
public String hiFail(String name, Throwable e) {
if (e != null) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "hiFail " + name;
}
}
配置信号量
@Component
@RestController
public class Hello3Service {
@RequestMapping("/hello3")
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "hiFail", commandProperties = {
@HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "500"),
@HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.semaphore.maxConcurrentRequests", value = "9"),
@HystrixProperty(name = "fallback.isolation.semaphore.maxConcurrentRequests", value = "20"),
@HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.strategy", value ="SEMAPHORE")
})
public String hi(String name) {
try {
Thread.sleep(5);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "hi " + name;
}
public String hiFail(String name, Throwable e) {
if (e != null) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "hiFail " + name;
}
}
配合feignClient使用
引入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeignartifactId>
dependency>
在application.properties里面添加配置
feign.hystrix.enabled=true
创建feignClient接口，并指定fallback类，fallback类必须实现该接口
@FeignClient(name ="hystrix-consumer", path = "",url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/",fallback = IHelloFailback.class)
public interface IHelloClient {
@RequestMapping("/hi")
public String hi(@RequestParam("name") String name);
}
@Component
public class IHelloFailback implements IHelloClient {
@Override
public String hi(String name) {
return "Hi，服务异常";
}
}
启用FeignClient，在启动类添加注解
@EnableFeignClients(basePackages = {"com.example.hj.springcloudhystrixprovider.client"})
默认参数
final class Default implements SetterFactory {
@Override
public HystrixCommand.Setter create(Target<?> target, Method method) {
String groupKey = target.name();
String commandKey = Feign.configKey(target.type(), method);
return HystrixCommand.Setter
.withGroupKey(HystrixCommandGroupKey.Factory.asKey(groupKey))
.andCommandKey(HystrixCommandKey.Factory.asKey(commandKey));
}
}
自定义参数
@Bean
public Feign.Builder feignHystrixBuilder() {
return HystrixFeign.builder().setterFactory(new SetterFactory() {
@Override
public HystrixCommand.Setter create(Target<?> target, Method method) {
return HystrixCommand.Setter
.withGroupKey(HystrixCommandGroupKey.Factory.asKey(RemoteProductService.class.getSimpleName()))// 控制 RemoteProductService 下,所有方法的Hystrix Configuration
.andCommandPropertiesDefaults(
HystrixCommandProperties.Setter().withExecutionTimeoutInMilliseconds(10000) // 超时配置
);
}
});
}
基本配置
参考官方配置
| 配置项 | 默认值 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| hystrix.command.default.execution.isolation.strategy | THREAD | 隔离策略，THREAD, SEMAPHORE |
| hystrix.command.default.execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds | 1000 | 线程超时时间 |
| hystrix.command.default.execution.timeout.enabled | true | 启用超时设置 |
| hystrix.command.default.execution.isolation.thread.interruptOnTimeout | true | 线程超时时，是否可被中断 |
| hystrix.command.default.execution.isolation.thread.interruptOnCancel | false | 线程取消时，是否可被中断 |
| hystrix.command.default.execution.isolation.semaphore.maxConcurrentRequests | 10 | 最大并发信号量 |
| hystrix.command.default.fallback.isolation.semaphore.maxConcurrentRequests | 10 | 最大并发备用信号量 |
| hystrix.command.default.fallback.enabled | true | 启用fallback |
| hystrix.command.default.circuitBreaker.enabled | true | 启用断路器 |
| hystrix.command.default.circuitBreaker.requestVolumeThreshold | 20 | 在一个时间窗口内触发断路器的最小请求量 |
| hystrix.command.default.circuitBreaker.sleepWindowInMilliseconds | 5000 | 触发断路器时，服务休眠时间 |
| hystrix.command.default.circuitBreaker.errorThresholdPercentage | 50 | 触发断路器时，最小错误比率 |
| hystrix.command.default.circuitBreaker.forceOpen | false | 强制打开断路器 |
| hystrix.command.default.circuitBreaker.forceClosed | false | 强制关闭断路器 |
| hystrix.command.default.metrics.rollingStats.timeInMilliseconds | 10000 | 数据采集时间段 |
| hystrix.command.default.metrics.rollingStats.numBuckets | 10 | 采集数据份，必须能被timeInMilliseconds整除 |
| hystrix.command.default.metrics.rollingPercentile.enabled | true | 开启采集滚动百分比 |
| hystrix.command.default.metrics.rollingPercentile.timeInMilliseconds | 60000 | 滚动百分收集时间段 |
| hystrix.command.default.metrics.rollingPercentile.numBuckets | 6 | 滚动百分比收集份数，必须能被timeInMilliseconds整除 |
| hystrix.command.default.metrics.rollingPercentile.bucketSize | 100 | 每份数据的最大统计请求量 |
| hystrix.command.default.metrics.healthSnapshot.intervalInMilliseconds | 500 | 健康检查间隔时间 |
| hystrix.command.default.requestCache.enabled | true | 开启请求缓存，HystrixRequestCache |
| hystrix.command.default.requestLog.enabled | true | 开启请求日志，记录在HystrixRequestLog |
| hystrix.collapser.default.maxRequestsInBatch | Integer.MAX_VALUE | 单批次最大请求量 |
| hystrix.collapser.default.timerDelayInMilliseconds | 10 | 批次请求延迟启动时间 |
| hystrix.collapser.default.requestCache.enabled | true | 开启批次请求缓存, HystrixCollapser.execute(), HystrixCollapser.queue() |
| hystrix.threadpool.default.coreSize | 10 | 核心线程数 |
| hystrix.threadpool.default.maximumSize | 10 | 最大线程数 |
| hystrix.threadpool.default.maxQueueSize | -1 | 最大阻塞线程队列 |
| hystrix.threadpool.default.queueSizeRejectionThreshold | 5 | 队列上限，超过会拒绝请求 |
| hystrix.threadpool.default.keepAliveTimeMinutes | 1 | 线程保持活跃时间（分钟） |
| hystrix.threadpool.default.allowMaximumSizeToDivergeFromCoreSize | false | 启用maximumSize参数 |
| hystrix.threadpool.default.metrics.rollingStats.timeInMilliseconds | 10000 | 线程池数据采集时间段 |
| hystrix.threadpool.default.metrics.rollingStats.numBuckets | 10 | 线程池数据采集份数 |
可视化组件
视图hystrix-dashboard
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboardartifactId>
dependency>
@EnableTurbine
@EnableHystrixDashboard
启动工程后，访问路径：http://localhost:9001/hystrix
在打开的页面输入需要监控的链接，如：http://localhost:8081/actuator/hystrix.stream
汇总监控turbine
能够使用turbine的前提条件时，所有的服务必须在同一个服务注册中心（同一个eureka），每个待监控的服务都必须有监控路径（/actuator/hystrix.stream）
添加依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-turbineartifactId>
dependency>
配置需要监控的服务
在application.properties中添加配置，配置每个需要监控的服务名称
turbine.app-config=turbine,hystrix-provider,hystrix-consumer
启动工程，在打开的页面输入汇总监控链接，如：http://localhost:9001/turbine.stream
参考
- https://www.cnblogs.com/lexiaofei/p/7761982.html
- https://github.com/Netflix/Hystrix/wiki