【以太坊】Debugging Ethereum-cpp
# Source
$git clone --recursive https://github.com/ethereum/cpp-ethereumDepends
$ cd cpp-ethereum
$ sh scripts/install_deps.shBuild
NOTE: remove GUI, MINIUPNPC, VMJIT, TESTS etc. from CMakeLists.txt, to accelerate building:
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug ../or configure as following:
cmake -DEVMJIT=Off -DTESTS=Off -DETHASHCL=Off -DMINIUPNPC=Off -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=`pwd`/../bin ..-- The C compiler identification is GNU 5.2.1
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 5.2.1
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Configuring cpp-ethereum
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- CMake Version 3.2.2
-- CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Build type Debug
-- TARGET_PLATFORM Target platform Linux
--------------------------------------------------------------- features
-- Hardware identification support
-- HTTP Request support
-- VMTRACE VM execution tracing OFF
-- PROFILING Profiling support OFF
-- FATDB Full database exploring ON
-- ROCKSDB Prefer rocksdb to leveldb OFF
-- OLYMPIC Default to the Olympic network OFF
-- PARANOID - OFF
------------------------------------------------------------- components
-- ETHASHCL Build OpenCL components ON
-- SOLIDITY Build Solidity ON
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Found jsoncpp: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjsoncpp.so
-- JsonCpp headers: /usr/include/jsoncpp
-- JsonCpp lib : /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjsoncpp.so
-- Found json_rpc_cpp: /usr/local/include (found suitable version "0.6.0", minimum required is "0.4")
-- json-rpc-cpp headers: /usr/local/include
-- json-rpc-cpp lib : /usr/local/lib/libjsonrpccpp-common.so;/usr/local/lib/libjsonrpccpp-server.so;/usr/local/lib/libjsonrpccpp-client.so
-- Found CURL: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcurl.so
-- curl headers: /usr/include
-- curl lib : /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcurl.so
-- Found leveldb: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libleveldb.so
-- Found CryptoPP: /usr/include (found suitable version "5.6.2", minimum required is "5.6.2")
-- CryptoPP headers: /usr/include
-- CryptoPP lib : /usr/lib/libcryptopp.so
-- Cpuid headers: CPUID_INCLUDE_DIR-NOTFOUND
-- Cpuid lib : CPUID_LIBRARY-NOTFOUND
-- Looking for CL_VERSION_2_0
-- Looking for CL_VERSION_2_0 - found
-- Found OpenCL: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libOpenCL.so.1 (found version "2.0")
-- OpenCL headers: /usr/include
-- OpenCL lib : /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libOpenCL.so.1
-- Found miniupnpc: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libminiupnpc.so
-- miniupnpc headers: /usr/include
-- miniupnpc lib : /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libminiupnpc.so
-- Found mhd: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libmicrohttpd.so
-- microhttpd headers: /usr/include
-- microhttpd lib : /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libmicrohttpd.so
-- jsonrpcstub location : /usr/local/bin/jsonrpcstub
-- test: ClientBase | --eth_testfile=BlockTests/bcJS_API_Test --eth_threads=1; --eth_testfile=BlockTests/bcJS_API_Test --eth_threads=3; --eth_testfile=BlockTests/bcJS_API_Test --eth_threads=10; --eth_testfile=BlockTests/bcValidBlockTest --eth_threads=1; --eth_testfile=BlockTests/bcValidBlockTest --eth_threads=3; --eth_testfile=BlockTests/bcValidBlockTest --eth_threads=10
-- test: JsonRpc | --eth_testfile=BlockTests/bcJS_API_Test; --eth_testfile=BlockTests/bcValidBlockTest
-- Found gmp: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgmp.so
-- Gmp headers: /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu
-- Gmp lib : /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgmp.so
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /root/workspace/github/cpp-ethereum/build
$ make
Scanning dependencies of target cpp-ethereum_BuildInfo.h
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Scanning dependencies of target secp256k1
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Scanning dependencies of target ethereum
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Linking CXX executable testweb3
[100%] Built target testweb3Install
Note: default install into /usr/local/bin
$ make install
$ cd /usr/local/bin
$ ls
bench eth ethkey ethminer ethvm jsonrpcstub lllc rlp solcDebugging
$ gdb --args ./eth --helpNote: not all help entries are displayed(bug?)
Usage eth [OPTIONS]
Options:
Wallet usage:
account list List all keys available in wallet.
account new Create a new key and add it to the wallet.
account update [| , ... ] Decrypt and re-encrypt given keys.
account import [||] Import keys from given source and place in wallet.
wallet import Import a presale wallet.
Client mode (default):
--olympic Use the Olympic (0.9) protocol.
--frontier Use the Frontier (1.0) protocol.
--morden Use the Morden testnet.
--private Use a private chain.
--test Testing mode: Disable PoW and provide test rpc interface.
--config Configure specialised blockchain using given JSON information.
--oppose-dao-fork Ignore DAO hard fork (default is to participate).
-o,--mode Start a full node or a peer node (default: full).
-j,--json-rpc Enable JSON-RPC server (default: off).
--ipc Enable IPC server (default: on).
--ipcpath Set .ipc socket path (default: data directory)
--admin-via-http Expose admin interface via http - UNSAFE! (default: off).
--no-ipc Disable IPC server.
--json-rpc-port Specify JSON-RPC server port (implies '-j', default: 8545).
--rpccorsdomain Domain on which to send Access-Control-Allow-Origin header.
--admin Specify admin session key for JSON-RPC (default: auto-generated and printed at start-up).
-K,--kill Kill the blockchain first.
-R,--rebuild Rebuild the blockchain from the existing database.
--rescue Attempt to rescue a corrupt database.
--import-presale Import a pre-sale key; you ll need to specify the password to this key.
-s,--import-secret Import a secret key into the key store and use as the default.
-S,--import-session-secret Import a secret key into the key store and use as the default for this session only.
--sign-key Sign all transactions with the key of the given address.
--session-sign-key Sign all transactions with the key of the given address for this session only.
--master Give the master password for the key store. Use --master "" to show a prompt.
--password Give a password for a private key.
Client transacting:
--ask Set the minimum ask gas price under which no transaction will be mined (default 20000000000 ).
--bid Set the bid gas price to pay for transactions (default 20000000000 ).
--unsafe-transactions Allow all transactions to proceed without verification. EXTREMELY UNSAFE.
Client mining:
-a,--address Set the author (mining payout) address to given address (default: auto).
-m,--mining Enable mining, optionally for a specified number of blocks (default: off).
-f,--force-mining Mine even when there are no transactions to mine (default: off).
-C,--cpu When mining, use the CPU.
-G,--opencl When mining, use the GPU via OpenCL.
--opencl-platform When mining using -G/--opencl, use OpenCL platform n (default: 0).
--opencl-device When mining using -G/--opencl, use OpenCL device n (default: 0).
-t, --mining-threads Limit number of CPU/GPU miners to n (default: use everything available on selected platform).
Client networking:
--client-name Add a name to your client s version string (default: blank).
--bootstrap Connect to the default Ethereum peer servers (default unless --no-discovery used).
--no-bootstrap Do not connect to the default Ethereum peer servers (default only when --no-discovery is used).
-x,--peers Attempt to connect to a given number of peers (default: 11).
--peer-stretch Give the accepted connection multiplier (default: 7).
--public-ip Force advertised public IP to the given IP (default: auto).
--listen-ip (:) Listen on the given IP for incoming connections (default: 0.0.0.0).
--listen Listen on the given port for incoming connections (default: 30303).
-r,--remote (:) Connect to the given remote host (default: none).
--port Connect to the given remote port (default: 30303).
--network-id Only connect to other hosts with this network id.
--upnp Use UPnP for NAT (default: on).
--peerset Space delimited list of peers; element format: type:publickey@ipAddress[:port].
Types:
default Attempt connection when no other peers are available and pinning is disabled.
required Keep connected at all times.
--no-discovery Disable node discovery, implies --no-bootstrap.
--pin Only accept or connect to trusted peers.
--hermit Equivalent to --no-discovery --pin.
--sociable Force discovery and no pinning.
Work farming mode:
-F,--farm Put into mining farm mode with the work server at URL (default: http://127.0.0.1:8545)
--farm-recheck Leave n ms between checks for changed work (default: 500).
--no-precompute Don t precompute the next epoch s DAG.
Ethash verify mode:
-w,--check-pow Check PoW credentials for validity.
Benchmarking mode:
-M,--benchmark Benchmark for mining and exit; use with --cpu and --opencl.
--benchmark-warmup Set the duration of warmup for the benchmark tests (default: 3).
--benchmark-trial Set the duration for each trial for the benchmark tests (default: 3).
--benchmark-trials Set the number of trials for the benchmark tests (default: 5).
--phone-home When benchmarking, publish results (default: on)
DAG creation mode:
-D,--create-dag Create the DAG in preparation for mining on given block and exit.
Mining configuration:
-C,--cpu When mining, use the CPU.
-G,--opencl When mining use the GPU via OpenCL.
--opencl-platform When mining using -G/--opencl use OpenCL platform n (default: 0).
--opencl-device When mining using -G/--opencl use OpenCL device n (default: 0).
-t, --mining-threads Limit number of CPU/GPU miners to n (default: use everything available on selected platform)
--allow-opencl-cpu Allows CPU to be considered as an OpenCL device if the OpenCL platform supports it.
--list-devices List the detected OpenCL devices and exit.
--current-block Let the miner know the current block number at configuration time. Will help determine DAG size and required GPU memory.
--disable-submit-hashrate When mining, don t submit hashrate to node.
--cl-extragpu-mem Set the memory (in MB) you believe your GPU requires for stuff other than mining. Windows rendering e.t.c..
--cl-local-work Set the OpenCL local work size. Default is 64
--cl-global-work Set the OpenCL global work size as a multiple of the local work size. Default is 4096 * 64
--cl-ms-per-batch Set the OpenCL target milliseconds per batch (global workgroup size). Default is 0. If 0 is given then no autoadjustment of global work size will happen
Import/export modes:
--from Export only from block n; n may be a decimal, a '0x' prefixed hash, or 'latest'.
--to Export only to block n (inclusive); n may be a decimal, a '0x' prefixed hash, or 'latest'.
--only Equivalent to --export-from n --export-to n.
--dont-check Prevent checking some block aspects. Faster importing, but to apply only when the data is known to be valid.
General Options:
-d,--db-path,--datadir Load database from path (default: /root/.ethereum).
-v,--verbosity <0 - 9> Set the log verbosity from 0 to 9 (default: 8).
-V,--version Show the version and exit.
-h,--help Show this help message and exit.
Experimental / Proof of Concept:
--shh Enable Whisper.
Wallet
- Create wallet
$ cd build/ethkey
$ ./ethkey createwallet
Please enter a MASTER passphrase to protect your key store (make it strong!):
Please confirm the passphrase by entering it again: - Create key
./ethkey new testkey0
Please enter your MASTER passphrase:
Enter a passphrase with which to secure this account (or nothing to use the master passphrase):
Please confirm the passphrase by entering it again:
Created key a2e93a4d-1e68-e723-a677-7448be540d95
Name: testkey0
Password hint:
ICAP: XE2113T1643JT73UYHLYN4FH8V5CRZS0KJ
Raw hex: 00435055f6e288a801aa7415a21690c535ff40e3- List keys
$ ./ethkey list
Please enter your MASTER passphrase:
764c1f9e-e806-dbd4-ac0f-8856050e3395 00c56f8b… XE1038R6CAKY4CFOPAODNNHGSOSKP1IP7P
a1b56307-50c3-7e0e-7e09-9928332fa0a7 000120ed… XE5900O0YWPKSTYTWDZBLS66VKLAY515P6 - Or list keys by: eth account list
$ build/eth/eth account list
... 11:25:13.389|eth Reading /root/.web3/keys/a1b56307-50c3-7e0e-7e09-9928332fa0a7.json
... 11:25:13.390|eth Reading /root/.web3/keys/764c1f9e-e806-dbd4-ac0f-8856050e3395.json
Please enter your MASTER passphrase:
Account #0: {00c56f8b9ac4e59be3b194d534ebe736d9c53525}
Account #1: {000120ed08b4d93b0242d31c18ed7e90e10ca01a}
DataDir
Default datadir is ~/.ethereum, and wallet, account options will ignore –datadir option.
Note: datadir may not work correctly. (bug?)
KeyId
$ ls -l ~/.web3/keys
-rw------- 1 root root 699 9月 2 11:20 764c1f9e-e806-dbd4-ac0f-8856050e3395.json
-rw------- 1 root root 699 9月 2 11:20 a1b56307-50c3-7e0e-7e09-9928332fa0a7.json$ cat 764c1f9e-e806-dbd4-ac0f-8856050e3395.json{
"address" : "00c56f8b9ac4e59be3b194d534ebe736d9c53525",
"crypto" : {
"cipher" : "aes-128-ctr",
"cipherparams" : {
"iv" : "670d27f6652969655c04fe533d8eb864"
},
"ciphertext" : "d39907d8901a7c582afeeac0e9dc1a2a5c83c61a5f5ba0525d813640d9a34508",
"kdf" : "scrypt",
"kdfparams" : {
"dklen" : 32,
"n" : 262144,
"p" : 1,
"r" : 8,
"salt" : "3f48c6759cb2b15dc7c9a52c346e710cc88a41ebf0a9f1cd456df005992ac309"
},
"mac" : "f95b7713470decba82370292bfc19d1bd3d51b458aa914508542290281b86452"
},
"id" : "764c1f9e-e806-dbd4-ac0f-8856050e3395",
"version" : 3
}Note: see the address field in json
bool AccountManager::openWallet() will prompt for master key passphrase
226 bool AccountManager::openWallet()
227 {
228 if (!m_keyManager)
229 {
230 m_keyManager.reset(new KeyManager());
231 if (m_keyManager->exists())
232 {
233 if (m_keyManager->load(std::string()) || m_keyManager->load(getPassword("Please enter your MASTER passphrase: ")))
234 return true;
235 else
Genesis
The default frontier genesis info
cpp-ethereum/libethereum/ChainParams.cpp:55
dev::eth::ChainParams::loadConfig (this=0x7fffffffc710, _json=..., _stateRoot=...)dump binary memory
(gdb) p /x _json
$10 = (const std::__cxx11::string &) @0x7ffff722c440: {static npos = 0xffffffffffffffff,
_M_dataplus = {<std::allocator> = {<__gnu_cxx::new_allocator> = {<No data fields>}, <No data fields>}, _M_p = 0x7fffeaaba010},
_M_string_length = 0xc757d, {_M_local_buf = {0x0, 0xd9, 0x11, 0x0 13 times>}, _M_allocated_capacity = 0x11d900}}
(gdb) dump binary memory result.txt 0x7fffeaaba010 0x7fffeaaba010+816509 $ cat result.txt
{
"sealEngine": "Ethash",
"params": {
"accountStartNonce": "0x00",
"frontierCompatibilityModeLimit": "0x118c30",
"daoHardforkBlock": "0x1d4c00",
"maximumExtraDataSize": "0x20",
"tieBreakingGas": false,
"minGasLimit": "0x1388",
"maxGasLimit": "7fffffffffffffff",
"gasLimitBoundDivisor": "0x0400",
"minimumDifficulty": "0x020000",
"difficultyBoundDivisor": "0x0800",
"durationLimit": "0x0d",
"blockReward": "0x4563918244F40000",
"registrar" : "0xc6d9d2cd449a754c494264e1809c50e34d64562b",
"networkID" : "0x1"
},
"genesis": {
"nonce": "0x0000000000000042",
"difficulty": "0x400000000",
"mixHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"author": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"timestamp": "0x00",
"parentHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"extraData": "0x11bbe8db4e347b4e8c937c1c8370e4b5ed33adb3db69cbdb7a38e1e50b1b82fa",
"gasLimit": "0x1388"
},
"accounts": {
"0000000000000000000000000000000000000001": { "precompiled": { "name": "ecrecover", "linear": { "base": 3000, "word": 0 } } },
"0000000000000000000000000000000000000002": { "precompiled": { "name": "sha256", "linear": { "base": 60, "word": 12 } } },
"0000000000000000000000000000000000000003": { "precompiled": { "name": "ripemd160", "linear": { "base": 600, "word": 120 } } },
"0000000000000000000000000000000000000004": { "precompiled": { "name": "identity", "linear": { "base": 15, "word": 3 } } },
"3282791d6fd713f1e94f4bfd565eaa78b3a0599d": {
"balance": "1337000000000000000000"
}
........
}Console
Interacting with your node can be done using either geth or the ethereum console:
Note:
$ npm install -g ethereum-console web3 repl process
$ ethconsole
Fixed: main.js
repl.start('>');Usage:
$ ethconsole [javascript file] [ipc socket]Connects to an ethereum node via ipc in order to control it remotely, through global variable web3 (web3.admin is also present). If no arguments are given, connects to the default ipc socket and drops into interactive mode.
Arguments:
ipc socket
connect to the given ipc socket (use ipc:// if it does not end with .ipc)javascript file
execute the given javascript file that has to end in .js non-interactively. The script has to call process.exit() in order to terminate the console.
Web3 Console API Callback
Issue
>web3.eth.hashrate
Error: You tried to send "eth_hashrate" synchronously. Synchronous requests are not supported by the IPC provider.
at IpcProvider.send (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/ethereum-console/node_modules/web3/lib/web3/ipcprovider.js:192:15)
at RequestManager.send (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/ethereum-console/node_modules/web3/lib/web3/requestmanager.js:58:32)
at Eth.get [as hashrate] (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/ethereum-console/node_modules/web3/lib/web3/property.js:107:62)
at repl:1:10
at REPLServer.self.eval (repl.js:112:21)
at Interface. (repl.js:239:12)
at Interface.EventEmitter.emit (events.js:95:17)
at Interface._onLine (readline.js:202:10)
at Interface._line (readline.js:531:8)
at Interface._ttyWrite (readline.js:760:14)
>web3.eth.getMining(console.log);
undefined
>null falsePrivateChain
Section.1.5.3
$ ./ethkey –wallet-path
pwd/dat createwallet$ ./ethkey –wallet-path
pwd/dat list$ ./ethkey –wallet-path
pwd/dat new testkey1$ ./eth –datadir
pwd/dat –genesispwd/genesis.json –peers 0 –no-discovery -j –ipc