Android 网络请求框架 Retrofit2.0实践使用总结

比较AsyncHttpClient 、Volley、Retrofit三者的请求时间

使用	单次请求	7个请求	25个请求
AsyncHttpClient	941ms	4539ms	13957ms
Volley	560ms	2202ms	4275ms
Retrofit2.0	312ms	889ms	1059ms

Retrofit2.0 完胜

使用

添加依赖

build.gradle

compile ‘com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.0.0-beta4’

请求范例

以淘宝的ip库请求为例

• 地址：http://ip.taobao.com/service/getIpInfo.php
• 请求参数：ip
• 请求方法: get

---

声明接口

public interface ApiControl {

    //@Query注解的作用理解为查询条件，这里表示需要查询的字段为ip
    //ResponseBody是Retrofit自带的返回类，
    @GET("http://ip.taobao.com/service/getIpInfo.php")
    Call getIpInfo(@Query("ip") String ip);
}

---

调用接口

//创建Retrofit实例
Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
        //当我们的@GET()里有url时，这个baseUrl无效。但是这个必须要填，不然会报错，神奇。
        .baseUrl("http://www.taobao.com.cn/")
        .build();

ApiControl apiStores = retrofit.create(ApiControl.class);
Call call = apiStores.getIpInfo("220.160.193.209");
//在主线程里，异步调用。
call.enqueue(new Callback() {
    @Override
    public void onResponse(Response response) {
        try {
            Log.i("onResponse", "response=" + response.body().string());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onFailure(Throwable t) {
        Log.i("onFailure", "onFailure=" + t.getMessage());
    }
});

同步调用

try {
    Response response = call.execute();
} catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

---

进阶使用1：ConverterFactory转换工厂

可以帮我们将获取到的数据转换为JAVA BEAN

Retrofit支持以下转换

Gson: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson
Jackson: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-jackson
Moshi: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-moshi
Protobuf: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-protobuf
Wire: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-wire
Simple XML: com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-simplexml
Scalars (primitives, boxed, and String): com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-scalars

Retrofit这里以GsonConverterFactory的为例

添加依赖

compile ‘com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.0.0-beta4’

定义java bean

/**
 * Created by xemenes on 25/03/16.
 */
public class IpInfo {


    private int code;


    private DataBean data;

    public int getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public void setCode(int code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public DataBean getData() {
        return data;
    }

    public void setData(DataBean data) {
        this.data = data;
    }

    public static class DataBean {
        private String country;
        private String country_id;
        private String area;
        private String area_id;
        private String region;
        private String region_id;
        private String city;
        private String city_id;
        private String county;
        private String county_id;
        private String isp;
        private String isp_id;
        private String ip;

        public String getCountry() {
            return country;
        }

        public void setCountry(String country) {
            this.country = country;
        }

        public String getCountry_id() {
            return country_id;
        }

        public void setCountry_id(String country_id) {
            this.country_id = country_id;
        }

        public String getArea() {
            return area;
        }

        public void setArea(String area) {
            this.area = area;
        }

        public String getArea_id() {
            return area_id;
        }

        public void setArea_id(String area_id) {
            this.area_id = area_id;
        }

        public String getRegion() {
            return region;
        }

        public void setRegion(String region) {
            this.region = region;
        }

        public String getRegion_id() {
            return region_id;
        }

        public void setRegion_id(String region_id) {
            this.region_id = region_id;
        }

        public String getCity() {
            return city;
        }

        public void setCity(String city) {
            this.city = city;
        }

        public String getCity_id() {
            return city_id;
        }

        public void setCity_id(String city_id) {
            this.city_id = city_id;
        }

        public String getCounty() {
            return county;
        }

        public void setCounty(String county) {
            this.county = county;
        }

        public String getCounty_id() {
            return county_id;
        }

        public void setCounty_id(String county_id) {
            this.county_id = county_id;
        }

        public String getIsp() {
            return isp;
        }

        public void setIsp(String isp) {
            this.isp = isp;
        }

        public String getIsp_id() {
            return isp_id;
        }

        public void setIsp_id(String isp_id) {
            this.isp_id = isp_id;
        }

        public String getIp() {
            return ip;
        }

        public void setIp(String ip) {
            this.ip = ip;
        }
    }
}

接口方法声明

//GSON转换数据
@GET("http://ip.taobao.com/service/getIpInfo.php")
Call getIpInfo2(@Query("ip") String ip);

调用接口

Call ipInfoCall = apiStores.getIpInfo2("220.160.193.207");
ipInfoCall.enqueue(new Callback() {
    @Override
    public void onResponse(Response response) {
        Log.d("onResponse",response.body().getData().getCity());
    }

    @Override
    public void onFailure(Throwable t) {
        Log.i("onFailure", "onFailure=" + t.getMessage());            }
});

进阶使用2: 常用接口范例声明

//这里url为请求地址

//多参数，用map，注解用@QueryMap
@GET("url")
Call getInfo(@QueryMap Map params);

//post的请求参数是放在请求体中的，就是body内(详见http请求),这是以json格式传递参数的
@POST("url")
@FormUrlEncoded
Call doLogin(@Body User user);

//post表单传递，map，就是我们一般用到的
@POST("url")
@FormUrlEncoded
Call doLogin(@FieldMap Map params);

//也是post表单传递，是以单个进行传递
@FormUrlEncoded
@POST("url")
Call doLogin(@Field("username") String name, @Field("password") String password);

//请求头更改
@FormUrlEncoded
@Headers({"Accept: application/vnd.github.v3.full+json",
        "User-Agent: Retrofit-Sample-App"})
Call getUserInfo();

//动态改变请求头
@GET("/user")
Call getUser(@Header("Authorization") String authorization);

其他资料

官方资料
Retrofit2.0 使用归纳和 JSONObject Conveter
Retrofit2 源码解析