NCE4 L4 Seeing hands
Lesson 4 Seeing hands 能看见东西的手
First listen and answer the following question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
How did Vera discover she had this gift of second sight?
Several cases have been reported(翻译时主动) in Russia recently(写作句型) of(=about) people(做cases的后置定语，名饰分裂，否则会头重脚轻) who(修饰people，然后of修饰case，层层限定) can read and detect colours(辨认色彩detective侦察) with their fingers(用自己的手指读书识字并辨认色彩), and(表示平行并列) even see(can的第三个并列谓语，前面是手指，这个是不用手指的事) through(副词，可放句尾) solid doors and walls(厚实的门和墙).
cases: case -> the case/truth 此处：n.例子，病例，案例
to regard sb. with respect(当作副词修饰前面regard)
see through 1.看透，看穿，看破，此时 through 是副词 see sb’s motive through（through 可以放在sb.前面） 2. see sb. through sth. 帮某人度过 This shot(打针) will see you through(此处词性为介词) the night.
through prep. adv.
前总==|==后分 One case concerns(写作句型) an eleven-year-old schoolgirl(女学生), Vera Petrova(专有名词同位语), who(引导非限定性定语从句) has normal vision(视力) but(并列词and/or) who can also perceive(辨认,detect近义词替换) things with different parts(不同部位) of her skin, and through solid walls.
其中的事例说到
A recent case concern Jane Butlin, who … / concerning prep. 关于
visual adj. 视觉的 visible adj. 看得见的 audio adj. 听觉的
Visual and Audio Publishing House 音像出版社
This ability was first noticed by her father.
过渡句
One day she came into(走进) his office and happened to(碰巧) put her hands on the door of a locked safe(后置定语).
It happened that s’ + v’
As it happend, s + v
S happend to v
It happened that I had read that novel.
As it happened, I had read that novel.
I happened to have read that novel.
Suddenly she asked her father why(引导名词性从句做宾语从句) he kept so many old newspapers(报纸是可数名词) locked away(锁起来,锁好,是 kept 的宾补,宾语+宾补是复合宾语) there, and even described(和前面的asked并列) the way (省略的关系副词that=in which, 在从句中做方式状语) they(报纸是复数) were done up(捆扎好) in(以…方式) bundles(捆)(一捆报纸被捆扎的情况).
ask sb. sth.
put away 放好
do up 具体动作的叠加
tie up 一系列动作来捆好
pack up 一系列动作打包好
button up 一系列动作扣扣子
可以改为：even described how(引导名词性从句) they were done up in bundles. how 可以替换为 the way that
第一段总结：
- several cases （总）
- one case concerns … （分）
- How was her ability noticed?
本文是一篇说明文（exposition），而不是论说文（argumentation）
Vera’s curious talent(特异功能) was brought(came) to the notice of a scientific research institute(科研机构) in the town(做后定修饰institute) of(同位语关系) Ulyanovsk, near where(关系副词,做lives的状语) she lives(非限制性定语从句), |(拦腰截断,一分为二) and in April she was given a series of tests(总) by a special(specilty) commission(专门的调查委员会) of the Ministry of Health(卫生部) of the Russian Federal Republic(俄罗斯联邦共和国). 第二段第一句
bring sth. to the notice of sb.
bring sth. to sb.'s notice
The car stopped.
The car came to a stop.
不用 conclude 而用 come to a conclusion 结束/得出结论
不用 emphasize 而用 place an emphasis on
come to a stop / a pause / an end / a decision / a conclusion / fame(不加a,因为此处为抽象名词,不可数)
bring sb. to fame 使某人成名
bring sth. to a stop / a pause / …
come to light 真相大白
bring … to light 使真相大白
The scandal came to the police’s notice. 这起丑闻引起了警方的注意（强调自然而然）
The journalist brought the scandal to the police’s notice.
The scandal was brought to the police’s notice. （强调人为）
the city of Beijing / the island of Taiwan
means 单复数同形 series 单复数同形 two series
specilty n. 专业，相当于 major (英国写为 specility)
specialize in 专攻…
the State Department 美国的国务院，首脑是国务卿
the State Council 中国的国务院
|(前总后分)During these tests she was able to read a newspaper through(修饰read) an opaque screen(不透明的) and(并列连接), (可以加 what is)stranger still, by(通过) moving her elbow over(不接触的上方) a child’s game of Lotto(可以加逗号) she was able to describe the figures and colours(描述数字和色彩) printed on it(印在上面的); and(三重并列句之三), in another instance(case/test情形), wearing stockings(长筒袜，必须有s) and slippers(拖鞋，必须复数)（伴随状语）, (省略了 she was able，并列结构的省略，重复是英语之大忌) to make out(discern/detect识别) with her foot(方式状语前置) the outlines and colours(是make out 的宾语，被方式状语分割，动宾分裂) of a picture hidden under a carpet(层层限定).
transparent 透明的 translucent 半透明的 opaque 不透明的
经常做插入语（双逗号之间）：sure enough / needless to say / stranger still(副词,修饰比较级) / more important / what is rarer / what is worse / what is more important
/ oddly enough 这个是个副词，更上面的不太一样
much/a lot/far better
I couldn’t make out the figure in the distance. 我不能辨认出远处的那个人。
make out: discern / detect
distinguish 是区别，而此处是识别
outline
frame(work) 框架
skeleton 骨架
silhouette (siluette) 远处的轮廓，模糊的轮廓
layout 布局图 the layout of a city => lay out 布局
Other experiments showed that(写作句型) her knees and shoulders had a similar sensitivity.
sense sensitive sensitivity
During all these(总) tests Vera was blindfold(可以做动词,+ed); and, indeed(插入语,语气加强), except when (省略了 she was) blindfold she lacked the ability to perceive(make out/detect/decern) things with her skin.
except when
except for
except that
except when = unless : Puma will not attack human beings except when(unless) they are cornered.
conj s + be + …, s + v 可以扔到从句中的 s + be
Whenever you are in trouble, you can turn to me.
Whenever in trouble, you can turn to me.
It was also found that(写作句型,此外还发现) although she could perceive things with her fingers （可以加逗号）this ability(talent) ceased(停止 stop/vanish) the moment(写作句型=the instant/the miniute/the second/as soon as/immediately/once 统统是连接词) her hands were wet(主从复合句).
s v + o. conj s’ + v’, s + v. s1 + v1 and s2 + v2
immediately 可以做连词
第二段总结：
s6: be noticed and be given a series of tests 总
s7: (some tests) was able to … (through an opaque screen) 分
and was able to … (elbow)
and, to … (foot)
在 s7 中讲了三个功能
s8: (other experiments) a similar sensitivity (knees + shoulders) 分
s9: precondition 1 => blindfold
s10: precondition 2 => dry hands
ERIC DE MAUNY Seeing hands from The Listener
Another Russian girl,Rosa Kuleshova,reads blindfold.
New words and expressions 生词和短语
solid /ˈsɑlɪd/ adj 坚实的
n. 固体 adj. 坚实的a solid wall；实心的a solid sphere；纯金solid gold；固体燃料solid fuels；足足ten solid hours
safe /sef/ n.保险柜
Ulyanovsk /ulˈjɑnəfsk/ n.乌里扬诺夫斯克
commission /kəˈmɪʃən/ n.委员会
mission n. 使命/特殊的任务；负有使命的人；Mission Impossible 碟中谍
commission n. 调查团/委员会（一批人肩负使命）
council n. 理事会，市政会，政务会 the State Council
committee n. 委员会
commission n. 调查团/（肩负有调查任务的）委员会
department n. （政/企/大学）部门
bureau n. 局/署
board n. 董事会；局，机构
opaque /oʊˈpeɪk/ adj.不透明的
OPEC Organization of Petroleum(原油，petro 是汽油) Export Countries
an opaque piece of glass
transparent a. 透明的
apparent a. 明显的
translucent a. 半透明的
opaque a. 不透明的
lotto /'lɑ:toʊ/ n.一种有编号的纸牌
slipper /ˈslɪpɚ/ n.拖鞋
slip vi. 滑倒 slipper n. 拖鞋 a pair of slippers ；slippery a. 光滑的 a slippery road 光滑的道路，as slippery as an eel 项鳗鱼一样光滑->巨滑头的人
blindfold /ˈblaɪndfoʊld/ adj.& adv. 被蒙上眼睛的
blindfold n. 蒙眼布 to put a blindfold on a hourse 把马的眼睛蒙起来
vt. to blindfold sb. with a handkerchief 用手帕把一个人的眼蒙起来
adj./adv. 见文章
Notes on the text 课文注释
1 of people who can read…,这个定语从句用来修饰主语cases,由于太长，因此被移至谓语之后。
2 through solid walls与 with different parts of her skin并列，作perceive的状语。
3 lock something away,把…锁藏起来。
4 do up,引起捆，包
5 bring…to the notice of, 引起某人注意。
6 except when blindfold, 其中when之后省略了she was。
7 the moment her hands were wet,这是一个时间状语从句,the moment 有"一…就…"的意思。
参考译文
俄罗斯最近报导了几个事例，有人能用手指看书识字和辨认颜色，甚至能透过厚实的门和墙看到东西。 其中有一例谈到有一个名叫维拉.彼托洛娃的11岁学生。她的视力与常人一样，但她还能用皮肤的不同部位辨认东西，甚至看穿坚实的墙壁。是她父亲首先发现她这一功能的。一天，维拉走进父亲的办公室，偶然把手放在一个锁着的保险柜的门上，她突然问父亲为什么把这么多的旧报纸锁在柜子里，还说了报纸捆扎的情况。
维拉的特异功能引起了她家附近乌里扬诺夫斯克城一个科研单位的注意。4月里，俄罗斯卫生部一个特别委员会对她进行了一系列的测试。在这些测试中，她能隔着不透明的屏幕读报纸。更为奇怪的是，她把肘部在儿童玩的“罗托”纸牌上移动一下，便能说出印在纸牌上的数字和颜色。还有一次，她穿着长筒袜子和拖鞋，能用脚步识别出藏在地毯下面的一幅画的轮廓和颜色。其他实验表明，她的膝盖和双肩有类似的感觉能力，在所有这些实验中，维拉的双眼都是蒙着的。如果不蒙上双眼她的皮肤就不再具有识别物体的能力。这是千真万确的。同时还发现，尽管她能用手指识别东西，但她的手一旦弄湿，这种功能便会立即消失。