阿里云申请免费SSL证书并对Apache进行HTTPS配置
在阿里云页面申请云顿证书
1.在阿里云页面搜索 “云顿证书”，并点击 “云盾证书服务包年”
2.点击 弹出窗口最底部的 “云顿证书服务包年购买页” 即可进入申请证书页面
3.选择 “免费(个人)DV” 类型，购买数量根据需要填写，每个阿里云账号最多 签发20个。免费版 每个 二级域名 和 每个 一级域名 都只能分别单独使用一个证书。
4.支付成功后 点击 “证书控制台”
5.点击证书后面的 “证书申请”，并填写信息，域名必须跟要使用的域名一致，邮箱手机号 也必须 是有效的，如果是 阿里云购买的域名，则可以选择 自动DNS验证，CSR选择系统自动生成审核速度快。
6.未申请和申请后的证书列表如下
7.下载申请通过的证书
8.选择下载 Apache 服务器对应的证书，解压得到如下3个文件
- 3734130_blog.qinqinxia.com.key
- 3734130_blog.qinqinxia.com_chain.crt
- 3734130_blog.qinqinxia.com_public.crt
9.以上3个文件上传到服务器如下位置，也可以是其他目录（/etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf文件中配置需要与之对应）
SSLCertificateFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/3734130_blog.qinqinxia.com_chain.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/pki/tls/private/3734130_blog.qinqinxia.com.key
SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/3734130_blog.qinqinxia.com_public.crt
Apache配置 HTTPS
- 您也可以参照这里：https : // www . cnblogs . com /jungejava/p/11200631.html
1.Apache 安装 mod_ssl.so 模块 yum -y install mod_ssl
[root@izhp3flliiu1wistk24f3cz modules]# yum -y install mod_ssl
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
(1/5): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 95 kB 00:00:00
(2/5): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:00
(3/5): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 7.6 MB 00:00:00
(4/5): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 165 kB 00:00:00
(5/5): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 6.8 MB 00:00:00
Determining fastest mirrors
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mod_ssl.x86_64 1:2.4.6-90.el7.centos will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: httpd = 2.4.6-90.el7.centos for package: 1:mod_ssl-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-80.el7.centos will be updated
---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-90.el7.centos will be an update
--> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.4.6-90.el7.centos for package: httpd-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-80.el7.centos will be updated
---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-90.el7.centos will be an update
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=======================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=======================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mod_ssl x86_64 1:2.4.6-90.el7.centos base 112 k
Updating for dependencies:
httpd x86_64 2.4.6-90.el7.centos base 2.7 M
httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.6-90.el7.centos base 91 k
Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Upgrade ( 2 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 2.9 M
Downloading packages:
Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.
(1/3): httpd-tools-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm | 91 kB 00:00:00
(2/3): httpd-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm | 2.7 MB 00:00:00
(3/3): mod_ssl-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm | 112 kB 00:00:00
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 5.3 MB/s | 2.9 MB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Updating : httpd-tools-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64 1/5
Updating : httpd-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64 2/5
Installing : 1:mod_ssl-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64 3/5
Cleanup : httpd-2.4.6-80.el7.centos.x86_64 4/5
Cleanup : httpd-tools-2.4.6-80.el7.centos.x86_64 5/5
Verifying : httpd-tools-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64 1/5
Verifying : httpd-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64 2/5
Verifying : 1:mod_ssl-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64 3/5
Verifying : httpd-tools-2.4.6-80.el7.centos.x86_64 4/5
Verifying : httpd-2.4.6-80.el7.centos.x86_64 5/5
Installed:
mod_ssl.x86_64 1:2.4.6-90.el7.centos
Dependency Updated:
httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-90.el7.centos httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-90.el7.centos
Complete!
[root@izhp3flliiu1wistk24f3cz modules]#
- 2.安装完成 后可以在 /etc/httpd/modules 目录下找到 mod_ssl.so 文件
[root@izhp3flliiu1wistk24f3cz modules]# pwd
/etc/httpd/modules
[root@izhp3flliiu1wistk24f3cz modules]# ls
libphp5.so mod_authn_core.so mod_authz_host.so mod_cgi.so mod_dir.so mod_heartbeat.so mod_log_debug.so mod_mpm_worker.so mod_proxy_http.so mod_rewrite.so mod_ssl.so mod_version.so
mod_access_compat.so mod_authn_dbd.so mod_authz_owner.so mod_charset_lite.so mod_dumpio.so mod_heartmonitor.so mod_log_forensic.so mod_negotiation.so mod_proxy_scgi.so mod_sed.so mod_status.so mod_vhost_alias.so
mod_actions.so mod_authn_dbm.so mod_authz_user.so mod_data.so mod_echo.so mod_include.so mod_logio.so mod_proxy_ajp.so mod_proxy.so mod_setenvif.so mod_substitute.so mod_watchdog.so
mod_alias.so mod_authn_file.so mod_autoindex.so mod_dav_fs.so mod_env.so mod_info.so mod_lua.so mod_proxy_balancer.so mod_proxy_wstunnel.so mod_slotmem_plain.so mod_suexec.so
mod_allowmethods.so mod_authn_socache.so mod_buffer.so mod_dav_lock.so mod_expires.so mod_lbmethod_bybusyness.so mod_macro.so mod_proxy_connect.so mod_ratelimit.so mod_slotmem_shm.so mod_systemd.so
mod_asis.so mod_authz_core.so mod_cache_disk.so mod_dav.so mod_ext_filter.so mod_lbmethod_byrequests.so mod_mime_magic.so mod_proxy_express.so mod_reflector.so mod_socache_dbm.so mod_unique_id.so
mod_auth_basic.so mod_authz_dbd.so mod_cache.so mod_dbd.so mod_file_cache.so mod_lbmethod_bytraffic.so mod_mime.so mod_proxy_fcgi.so mod_remoteip.so mod_socache_memcache.so mod_unixd.so
mod_auth_digest.so mod_authz_dbm.so mod_cache_socache.so mod_deflate.so mod_filter.so mod_lbmethod_heartbeat.so mod_mpm_event.so mod_proxy_fdpass.so mod_reqtimeout.so mod_socache_shmcb.so mod_userdir.so
mod_authn_anon.so mod_authz_groupfile.so mod_cgid.so mod_dialup.so mod_headers.so mod_log_config.so mod_mpm_prefork.so mod_proxy_ftp.so mod_request.so mod_speling.so mod_usertrack.so
[root@izhp3flliiu1wistk24f3cz modules]#
2. 命令执行结束安装完成后 /etc/httpd/conf.d 目录下会出现一个ssl.conf文件
[root@izhp3flliiu1wistk24f3cz modules]# ls /etc/httpd/conf.d
autoindex.conf php.conf README ssl.conf userdir.conf welcome.conf
[root@izhp3flliiu1wistk24f3cz modules]#
3.在这个文件里面找到如下内容
SSLCertificateFile xxx_public.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile xxx.key
SSLCertificateChainFile xxx_chain.crt
4.修改这三项配置如下
SSLCertificateFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/3734130_blog.qinqinxia.com_public.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/pki/tls/private/3734130_blog.qinqinxia.com.key
SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/3734130_blog.qinqinxia.com_chain.crt
5.然后继续在此文件中配置找到以下内容配置443站点信息
- 按照内容直接改就可以
# 子站点配置
ServerName blog.qinqinxia.com #域名
DocumentRoot "/www/wwwroot/blog_online/www/" #项目的路径
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm
# 项目目录权限配置
<Directory "/www/wwwroot/www">
Options +Includes -Indexes
AllowOverride All
Order Deny,Allow
Allow from All
</Directory>
- 2.然后这个文件就编辑完了。
- 3.然后找到/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 文件并打开，找到#LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so 并将前面的#号去掉， 或者 该配置在 /etc/httpd/conf/conf.modules.d/00-ssl.conf 文件中
- 4.在/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf文件的最后引入之前配置好的文件。例如：
#引入外部的ssl配置文件
Include /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf
- 5.至此，配置完成，重启Apache然后访问你的域名即可
systemctl restart httpd
6.如果启动Apache失败
则将 ssl.conf 文件备份一下，然后替换内容为如下纯净版的，其中配置换成与你对应的，然后重启apahce
Listen 443
<VirtualHost *:443>
SSLEngine on
SSLProtocol all -SSLv2 -SSLv3
SSLCipherSuite HIGH:MEDIUM:!aNULL:!MD5
SSLCertificateFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/3734130_blog.qinqinxia.com_public.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/pki/tls/private/3734130_blog.qinqinxia.com.key
SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/3734130_blog.qinqinxia.com_chain.crt
# 子站点配置
ServerName blog.qinqinxia.com
DocumentRoot "/www/wwwroot/blog_online/www/"
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm
<Directory /www/wwwroot/blog_online/www/>
Options +Indexes +FollowSymLinks +ExecCGI
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
7.测试，用浏览器以https方式访问站点：https://blog.qinqinxia.com/，如下图，访问正常
8.如果需要将 http://blog.qinqinxia.com 转发到 https://blog.qinqinxia.com 则在http.conf文件中增加如下配置并重启apche即可：
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName blog.qinqinxia.com
Redirect permanent / https://blog.qinqinxia.com/
DocumentRoot "/www/wwwroot/blog/www/"
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm
<Directory "/www/wwwroot/blog/www/">
Options +Includes -Indexes
AllowOverride All
Order Deny,Allow
Allow from All
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>