Linux中使用rpm命令安装rpm包
安装软件包命令，参数指明了（ v 展示正在安装的文件信息
1 #rpm -i example.rpm 安装 example.rpm 包；
2 #rpm -iv example.rpm 安装 example.rpm 包并在安装过程中显示正在安装的文件信息；
3 #rpm -ivh example.rpm 安装 example.rpm 包并在安装过程中显示正在安装的文件信息及安装进度
rpm -ivh your_package_name
如：rpm -ivh jdk-8u111-linux-x64.rpm
参考来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/dadonggg/p/8191390.html
rpm 常用命令
1.安装一个包 （展示正在安装的文件信息以及安装进度）
# rpm -ivh
2.升级一个包
# rpm -Uvh
3.卸载一个包
# rpm -e
4.安装参数
--force 即使覆盖属于其它包的文件也强迫安装
--nodeps 如果该RPM包的安装依赖其它包，即使其它包没装，也强迫安装。
5.查询一个包是否被安装
# rpm -q < rpm package name>
6.得到被安装的包的信息
# rpm -qi < rpm package name>
7.列出该包中有哪些文件
# rpm -ql < rpm package name>
8.列出服务器上的一个文件属于哪一个RPM包
#rpm -qf
9.可综合好几个参数一起用
# rpm -qil < rpm package name>
10.列出所有被安装的rpm package
# rpm -qa
11.列出一个未被安装进系统的RPM包文件中包含有哪些文件？
# rpm -qilp < rpm package name>
12.解压RPM包
有时我们需要RPM包中的某个文件，如何解压RPM包呢？
RPM包括是使用cpio格式打包的，因此可以先转成cpio然后解压，如下所示：
rpm2cpio xxx.rpm | cpio -div
关于rpm相关命令的帮助放在下方：
[root@localhost-11 opt]# rpm --help
Usage: rpm [OPTION...]
--quiet
Query/Verify package selection options:
-a, --all query/verify all packages
-f, --file query/verify package(s) owning file
-g, --group query/verify package(s) in group
-p, --package query/verify a package file
-W, --ftswalk query/verify package(s) from TOP file tree walk
--pkgid query/verify package(s) with package identifier
--hdrid query/verify package(s) with header identifier
--fileid query/verify package(s) with file identifier
--specfile query a spec file
--triggeredby query the package(s) triggered by the package
--whatrequires query/verify the package(s) which require a dependency
--whatprovides query/verify the package(s) which provide a dependency
--nomanifest do not process non-package files as manifests
Query options (with -q or --query):
-c, --configfiles list all configuration files
-d, --docfiles list all documentation files
--dump dump basic file information
-l, --list list files in package
--queryformat=QUERYFORMAT use the following query format
-s, --state display the states of the listed files
Verify options (with -V or --verify):
--nofiledigest don't verify digest of files
--nomd5 don't verify digest of files
--nofiles don't verify files in package
--nodeps don't verify package dependencies
--noscript don't execute verify script(s)
File tree walk options (with --ftswalk):
--comfollow follow command line symlinks
--logical logical walk
--nochdir don't change directories
--nostat don't get stat info
--physical physical walk
--seedot return dot and dot-dot
--xdev don't cross devices
--whiteout return whiteout information
Signature options:
--addsign sign package(s) (identical to --resign)
-K, --checksig verify package signature(s)
--delsign delete package signatures
--import import an armored public key
--resign sign package(s) (identical to --addsign)
--nodigest don't verify package digest(s)
--nosignature don't verify package signature(s)
Database options:
--initdb initialize database
--rebuilddb rebuild database inverted lists from installed package headers
Install/Upgrade/Erase options:
--aid add suggested packages to transaction
--allfiles install all files, even configurations which might otherwise be skipped
--allmatches remove all packages which match
--badreloc relocate files in non-relocatable package
-e, --erase=
--excludedocs do not install documentation
--excludepath=
--fileconflicts detect file conflicts between packages
--force short hand for --replacepkgs --replacefiles
-F, --freshen=
-h, --hash print hash marks as package installs (good with -v)
--ignorearch don't verify package architecture
--ignoreos don't verify package operating system
--ignoresize don't check disk space before installing
-i, --install install package(s)
--justdb update the database, but do not modify the filesystem
--nodeps do not verify package dependencies
--nofiledigest don't verify digest of files
--nomd5 don't verify digest of files (obsolete)
--nocontexts don't install file security contexts
--noorder do not reorder package installation to satisfy dependencies
--nosuggest do not suggest missing dependency resolution(s)
--noscripts do not execute package scriptlet(s)
--notriggers do not execute any scriptlet(s) triggered by this package
--oldpackage upgrade to an old version of the package (--force on upgrades does this automatically)
--percent print percentages as package installs
--prefix=
--relocate=
--replacefiles ignore file conflicts between packages
--replacepkgs reinstall if the package is already present
--test don't install, but tell if it would work or not
-U, --upgrade=
Common options for all rpm modes and executables:
-D, --define='MACRO EXPR' define MACRO with value EXPR
-E, --eval='EXPR' print macro expansion of EXPR
--macros=
--nodigest don't verify package digest(s)
--nosignature don't verify package signature(s)
--rcfile=
-r, --root=ROOT use ROOT as top level directory (default: "/")
--querytags display known query tags
--showrc display final rpmrc and macro configuration
--quiet provide less detailed output
-v, --verbose provide more detailed output
--version print the version of rpm being used
Options implemented via popt alias/exec:
--scripts list install/erase scriptlets from package(s)
--setperms set permissions of files in a package
--setugids set user/group ownership of files in a package
--conflicts list capabilities this package conflicts with
--obsoletes list other packages removed by installing this package
--provides list capabilities that this package provides
--requires list capabilities required by package(s)
--info list descriptive information from package(s)
--changelog list change logs for this package
--xml list metadata in xml
--triggers list trigger scriptlets from package(s)
--last list package(s) by install time, most recent first
--dupes list duplicated packages
--filesbypkg list all files from each package
--fileclass list file names with classes
--filecolor list file names with colors
--fscontext list file names with security context from file system
--fileprovide list file names with provides
--filerequire list file names with requires
--filecaps list file names with POSIX1.e capabilities
Help options:
-?, --help Show this help message
--usage Display brief usage message