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RabbitMq基础教程之安装与测试
Installing on Mac
I. 安装
brew install rabbitmq
## 进入安装目录
cd /usr/local/Cellar/rabbitmq/3.7.5
# 启动
brew services start rabbitmq
# 当前窗口启动
rabbitmq-server
启动控制台之前需要先开启插件
./rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
进入控制台: http://localhost:15672/
用户名和密码：guest,guest
II. 配置与测试
1. 添加账号
首先是得启动mq
## 添加账号
./rabbitmqctl add_user admin admin
## 添加访问权限
./rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p "/" admin ".*" ".*" ".*"
## 设置超级权限
./rabbitmqctl set_user_tags admin administrator
2. 编码实测
pom引入依赖
com.rabbitmq
amqp-client
开始写代码
public class RabbitMqTest {
//消息队列名称
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";
@Test
public void send() throws java.io.IOException, TimeoutException {
//创建连接工程
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
factory.setPort(5672);
factory.setUsername("admin");
factory.setPassword("admin");
//创建连接
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
//创建消息通道
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//生成一个消息队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
String message = "Hello World RabbitMQ count: " + i;
//发布消息，第一个参数表示路由（Exchange名称），未""则表示使用默认消息路由
channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());
System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
}
//关闭消息通道和连接
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
@Test
public void consumer() throws java.io.IOException, java.lang.InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
//创建连接工厂
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
factory.setPort(5672);
factory.setUsername("admin");
factory.setPassword("admin");
//创建连接
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
//创建消息信道
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//消息队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
System.out.println("[*] Waiting for message. To exist press CTRL+C");
AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0);
//消费者用于获取消息信道绑定的消息队列中的信息
Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
@Override
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties,
byte[] body) throws IOException {
String message = new String(body, "UTF-8");
try {
System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message);
} finally {
System.out.println(" [x] Done");
channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
}
};
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
Thread.sleep(1000 * 60);
}
}
需要注意的一点是：
- 生产消息:
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null); - 消费消息:
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null); - 生产和消费都声明channel，要求两者的配置参数一致，否则无法消费数据
3. 输出说明
首先执行塞入数据，执行完毕之后，可以到控制台进行查看:
可以看到多出了一个Queue，对列名为hello，总共有10条数据
接下来就是消费数据了，执行consumer方法，输出日志
[*] Waiting for message. To exist press CTRL+C
[x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 0
[x] Done
[x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 1
[x] Done
[x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 2
[x] Done
[x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 3
[x] Done
[x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 4
[x] Done
[x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 5
[x] Done
[x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 6
[x] Done
[x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 7
[x] Done
[x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 8
[x] Done
[x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 9
[x] Done
回头去查看queue，发现总得数据量为0了
4. ACK问题
对于ack的问题，如果在消费数据的时候，出现异常，而我不希望数据丢失，这个时候就需要考虑手动ack的机制来保证了
首先需要设置手动ack
// 设置autoAck为false
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
其次在消费数据完毕之后，主动ack/nack
if (success) {
channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
} else {
channel.basicNack(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false, false);
}
III. 其他
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