GCC(GNU Compiler Collection,GNU编译器套件)是由GNU开发的编程语言译器。GNU编译器套件包括C、C++、 Objective-C、 Fortran、Java、Ada和Go语言前端,也包括了这些语言的库(如libstdc++,libgcj等。)
GCC的初衷是为GNU操作系统专门编写的一款编译器。GNU系统是彻底的自由软件。此处,“自由”的含义是它尊重用户的自由
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ ~]# gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-redhat-linux
Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-linker-build-id --with-linker-hash-style=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada,go,lto --enable-plugin --enable-initfini-array --disable-libgcj --with-isl=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/isl-install --with-cloog=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/cloog-install --enable-gnu-indirect-function --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=x86-64 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39) (GCC)
如果没有 任何提示,说明没有安装GCC, 可以采用yum安装
yum -y install gcc
pcre是一个perl库,包括perl兼容的正则表达式库,nginx的http模块使用pcre来解析正则表达式。
yum install -y pcre pcre-devel
zlib库提供了很多种压缩和解压缩方式nginx使用zlib对http包的内容进行gzip。
yum install -y zlib zlib-devel
openssl是web安全通信的基石,没有openssl,可以说我们的信息都是在裸奔
yum install -y openssl openssl-devel
Nginx 对应版本gz包 http://nginx.org/download/
这里 选择 Stable version nginx-1.18.0
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
cp -r nginx-1.18.0 /usr/java/
cd /usr/java/nginx-1.18.0
./configure
make
make install
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ]# cd /usr/local/nginx
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ nginx]# ll
total 36
drwx------ 2 nobody root 4096 Jun 29 16:02 client_body_temp
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 30 20:10 conf
drwx------ 2 nobody root 4096 Jun 29 16:02 fastcgi_temp
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 29 16:01 html
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 29 18:17 logs
drwx------ 5 nobody root 4096 Jul 1 09:59 proxy_temp
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 29 16:01 sbin
drwx------ 2 nobody root 4096 Jun 29 16:02 scgi_temp
drwx------ 2 nobody root 4096 Jun 29 16:02 uwsgi_temp
进入 sbin目录下 执行
./nginx
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ ~]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root 8161 1 0 Jun30 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process ./nginx
nobody 14458 8161 0 12:15 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 14459 8161 0 12:15 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 14460 8161 0 12:15 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 14461 8161 0 12:15 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root 21728 21616 0 14:34 pts/8 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ system]# cd /lib/systemd/system/
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ system]# vim nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx service
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Unit]:服务的说明
Description:描述服务
After:描述服务类别
[Service]服务运行参数的设置
Type=forking是后台运行的形式
ExecStart为服务的具体运行命令
ExecReload为重启命令
ExecStop为停止命令
PrivateTmp=True表示给服务分配独立的临时空间
注意:[Service]的启动、重启、停止命令全部要求使用绝对路径
[Install]运行级别下服务安装的相关设置,可设置为多用户,即系统运行级别为3
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ system]# systemctl enable nginx
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ]# systemctl start nginx.service 启动nginx服务
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ]# systemctl stop nginx.service 停止服务
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ]# systemctl restart nginx.service 重新启动服务
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ]# systemctl list-units --type=service 查看所有已启动的服务
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ]# systemctl status nginx.service 查看服务当前状态
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ]# systemctl enable nginx.service 设置开机自启动
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ]# systemctl disable nginx.service 停止开机自启动
nginx -s reopen #重启Nginx
nginx -s reload #重新加载Nginx配置文件,然后以优雅的方式重启Nginx
nginx -s stop #强制停止Nginx服务
nginx -s quit #优雅地停止Nginx服务(即处理完所有请求后再停止服务)
nginx -t #检测配置文件是否有语法错误,然后退出
nginx -?,-h #打开帮助信息
nginx -v #显示版本信息并退出
nginx -V #显示版本和配置选项信息,然后退出
nginx -t #检测配置文件是否有语法错误,然后退出
nginx -T #检测配置文件是否有语法错误,转储并退出
nginx -q #在检测配置文件期间屏蔽非错误信息
nginx -p prefix #设置前缀路径(默认是:/usr/share/nginx/)
nginx -c filename #设置配置文件(默认是:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf)
nginx -g directives #设置配置文件外的全局指令
killall nginx #杀死所有nginx进程
参数 | 官方解释 | 翻译 |
---|---|---|
-h | this help | 帮助 |
-v | show version and exit | 显示版本信息 |
-V | show version and configure options then exit | 显示版本信息和配置信息 |
-t | test configuration and exit | 检查配置文件语法 |
-T | test configuration, dump it and exit | |
-q | suppress non-error messages during configuration testing | |
-s | signalsend signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload | 控制服务平滑重启 停止 |
-p prefix | set prefix path (default: /etc/nginx/) | |
-c filename | set configuration file (default: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf) | |
-g directives | set global directives out of configuration file |
示例使用
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ sbin]# ./nginx -h
nginx version: nginx/1.18.0
Usage: nginx [-?hvVtTq] [-s signal] [-c filename] [-p prefix] [-g directives]
Options:
-?,-h : this help
-v : show version and exit
-V : show version and configure options then exit
-t : test configuration and exit
-T : test configuration, dump it and exit
-q : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing
-s signal : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload
-p prefix : set prefix path (default: /usr/local/nginx/)
-c filename : set configuration file (default: conf/nginx.conf)
-g directives : set global directives out of configuration file
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ sbin]# ./nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.18.0
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ sbin]# ./nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.18.0
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39) (GCC)
configure arguments:
[root@iZ8vbjf2s0hom3thfsei8tZ sbin]# ./nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful