Android Service的绑定过程

我们知道调用Context的bindService方法即可绑定一个Service,而ContextImpl是Context的实现类。那接下来就从源码的角度分析Service的绑定过程。

当然是从ContextImpl的bindService方法开始,如下:

@Override
public boolean bindService(Intent service, ServiceConnection conn,
        int flags) {
    warnIfCallingFromSystemProcess();
    return bindServiceCommon(service, conn, flags, mMainThread.getHandler(),
            Process.myUserHandle());
}

在bindService方法中又会转到bindServiceCommon方法,将Intent,ServiceConnection对象传进。

private boolean bindServiceCommon(Intent service, ServiceConnection conn, int flags, Handler
        handler, UserHandle user) {
    IServiceConnection sd;
    if (conn == null) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("connection is null");
    }
    if (mPackageInfo != null) {
        sd = mPackageInfo.getServiceDispatcher(conn, getOuterContext(), handler, flags);
    } else {
        throw new RuntimeException("Not supported in system context");
    }
    validateServiceIntent(service);
    try {
        IBinder token = getActivityToken();
        if (token == null && (flags&BIND_AUTO_CREATE) == 0 && mPackageInfo != null
                && mPackageInfo.getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion
                < android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH) {
            flags |= BIND_WAIVE_PRIORITY;
        }
        service.prepareToLeaveProcess(this);
        int res = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().bindService(
            mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), getActivityToken(), service,
            service.resolveTypeIfNeeded(getContentResolver()),
            sd, flags, getOpPackageName(), user.getIdentifier());
        if (res < 0) {
            throw new SecurityException(
                    "Not allowed to bind to service " + service);
        }
        return res != 0;
    } catch (RemoteException e) {
        throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
    }
}

在上述代码中,调用了mPackageInfo(LoadedApk对象)的getServiceDispatcher方法。从getServiceDispatcher方法的名字可以看出是获取一个“服务分发者”。其实是根据这个“服务分发者”获取到一个Binder对象的。

到了这里先总结一下:调用bindService方法绑定服务,会转到bindServiceCommon方法。
在bindServiceCommon方法中,会调用LoadedApk的getServiceDispatcher方法,并将ServiceConnection传进, 根据这个ServiceConnection取出与其映射的ServiceDispatcher对象,最后调用这个ServiceDispatcher对象的getIServiceConnection方法获取与其关联的InnerConnection对象并返回。简单点理解就是用ServiceConnection换来了InnerConnection。

现在回到bindServiceCommon方法,可以看到绑定Service的过程会转到ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()的bindService方法,其实从抛出的异常类型RemoteException也可以知道与Service通信可能是跨进程的,这个是很好理解的。

而ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()是ActivityManagerService,那么继续跟进ActivityManagerService的bindService方法即可,如下:

public int bindService(IApplicationThread caller, IBinder token, Intent service,
        String resolvedType, IServiceConnection connection, int flags, String callingPackage,
        int userId) throws TransactionTooLargeException {
    enforceNotIsolatedCaller("bindService");

    // Refuse possible leaked file descriptors
    if (service != null && service.hasFileDescriptors() == true) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("File descriptors passed in Intent");
    }

    if (callingPackage == null) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("callingPackage cannot be null");
    }

    synchronized(this) {
        return mServices.bindServiceLocked(caller, token, service,
                resolvedType, connection, flags, callingPackage, userId);
    }
}

经过一系列的方法调用 调用了realStartServiceLocked方法,真正去启动Service了。

private final void realStartServiceLocked(ServiceRecord r,
        ProcessRecord app, boolean execInFg) throws RemoteException {

      //代码省略

     app.thread.scheduleCreateService(r, r.serviceInfo,
              mAm.compatibilityInfoForPackageLocked(r.serviceInfo.applicationInfo),
        app.repProcState);
       r.postNotification();
       created = true;

     //代码省略

    requestServiceBindingsLocked(r, execInFg);

    updateServiceClientActivitiesLocked(app, null, true);

    // If the service is in the started state, and there are no
    // pending arguments, then fake up one so its onStartCommand() will
    // be called.
    if (r.startRequested && r.callStart && r.pendingStarts.size() == 0) {
        r.pendingStarts.add(new ServiceRecord.StartItem(r, false, r.makeNextStartId(),
                null, null));
    }

    sendServiceArgsLocked(r, execInFg, true);

//代码省略
}

在上述代码中,找到一个requestServiceBindingsLocked方法,从名字看是请求绑定服务的意思,那么就是它没错了

private final void requestServiceBindingsLocked(ServiceRecord r, boolean execInFg)
        throws TransactionTooLargeException {
    for (int i=r.bindings.size()-1; i>=0; i--) {
        IntentBindRecord ibr = r.bindings.valueAt(i);
        if (!requestServiceBindingLocked(r, ibr, execInFg, false)) {
            break;
        }
    }
}

进过一系列的方法调用 实现绑定

当Service回调onBind方法,其实还没有结束,会转到ActivityManagerService,然后又会在ActiveServices的publishServiceLocked方法中,从ConnectionRecord中取出InnerConnection对象。有了InnerConnection对象后,就回调了它的connected。在InnerConnection的connected方法中,又会调用ServiceDispatcher的connected方法,在ServiceDispatcher的connected方法向主线程扔了一个消息,切换到了主线程,之后就在主线程中回调了客户端传进的ServiceConnected对象的onServiceConnected方法。

参考文章

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