#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
abs取绝对值
print(abs(-2))# 2
print(abs(2))# 2
all列表中所以元素为真,则为真,有一个为假则返回假
p = [1 , 2 , 3 , 0]#Flase
print(all(p))
any列表中只要有一个元素为真,则全部为真
p = ['' , None , 0 , 1]#True
print(any(p))
bin取数值的二进制
print(bin(2))#0b10
bytes数值存储的字节
name ="你好"
#encoding='utf-8' 以utf8编码存储数值
print(bytes(name, encoding='utf-8'))#b'\xe4\xbd\xa0\xe5\xa5\xbd'
#decode('utf-8'),以utf8编码格式来解码,得到你好
print(bytes(name, encoding='utf-8').decode('utf-8'))#你好
#以什么格式的编码存储的字符必须以同编码解码,不然会出现乱码
print(bytes(name, encoding='gbk'))#b'\xc4\xe3\xba\xc3'
print(bytes(name, encoding='gbk').decode('gbk'))#你好
dir查看函数下的方式或者方法
print(dir(bytes))
dirmod给出两个数字,计算得到商和余数(分页功能实现)
print(divmod(10 , 3))#(3, 1)
可hash的数据类型即不可变数据类型,不可hash的数据类型即可变数据类型
print(hash('12sdfdsaf3123123sdfasdfasdfasdfasdfasdfasdfasdfasfasfdasdf'))#-809812689698732392
print(hash('12sdfdsaf31231asdfasdfsadfsadfasdfasdf23'))#2452695028072014930
name='alex'
print(hash(name))#-5889667385052908400
print(hash(name))#-5889667385052908400
print('--->before',hash(name))#--->before -5889667385052908400
name='sb'
print('=-=>after',hash(name))#=-=>after 6161049198510667428
打印函数下有什么方法和使用的方法
print(help(all))
二进制
print(bin(10))#0b1010
#十六进制
print(hex(10))#0xa
#八进制
print(oct(10))#0o12
isinstance判断字符是什么数据类型,如果不是返回False
print(isinstance(2 , str))#False
print(isinstance(2 , int))#True
name='哈哈'
#打印全局变量
print(globals())
'''
{'__name__': '__main__', '__doc__': None, '__package__': None, '__loader__': <_frozen_importlib_external.SourceFileLoader object at 0x000001DF329053C8>, '__spec__': None, '__annotations__': {}, '__builtins__':
(built-in)>, '__file__': 'D:/python/day16/内置函数.py', '__cached__': None, 'name': '哈哈'}
'''
打印本文件的存放的地址
print(__file__)
'''
D:/python/day16/内置函数.py
'''
打印局部变量
def test():
age='1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111'
# print(globals())
print(locals())
test()
'''
以字典形式打印局部变量{'age': '1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111'}
'''
zip把两个可迭代的对象以拉链形式连接到一起(一对一的拼接到一起)
a = ('a' , 'b' , 'c')
b = (1 , 2 , 3)
print(list(zip(a, b)))
'''
以列表形式打印[('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3)]
'''
字典用zip分割多个小元组
p = {'name':'alex','age':18,'gender':'none'}
print(list(zip(p.keys(), p.values())))
'''
[('name', 'alex'), ('age', 18), ('gender', 'none')]
'''
p = [10 , 232 , 3 , 54]
#取最大值max
print(max(p))#232
#取最小值
print(min(p))#3
age_dic={'alex_age':18,'wupei_age':20,'zsc_age':100,'lhf_age':30}
print(max(age_dic))#默认比较的字典的key
print(max(age_dic.values()))#比较字典的valuse
print(max(zip(age_dic.values(), age_dic.keys())))#(100, 'zsc_age')
##不同类型不能比较
l=[1,3,100,-1,2]
print(max(l))
dic={'age1':18,'age2':10}
print(max(dic))#比较的是key
print(max(dic.values()))#比较的是key,但是不知道是那个key对应的
print(max(zip(dic.values(),dic.keys())))#结合zip使用
people=[
{'name':'alex','age':1000},
{'name':'wupei','age':10000},
{'name':'yuanhao','age':9000},
{'name':'linhaifeng','age':18},
]
# max(people,key=lambda dic:dic['age'])
print(max(people,key=lambda dic:dic['age']))
ret=[]
for itemin people:
ret.append(item['age'])
print(ret)
max(ret)
ascci表
print(chr(97))#对应的字符
print(ord('a'))#对应的数字
#字符翻转
l=[1,2,3,4]
print(list(reversed(l)))
print(l)
print(round(3.5))
print(set('hello'))
l='hello'
s1=slice(3,5)
s2=slice(1,4,2)
# print(l[3:5])
print(l[s1])
print(l[s2])
print(s2.start)
print(s2.stop)
print(s2.step)
l=[3,2,1,5,7]
l1=[3,2,'a',1,5,7]
print(sorted(l))
# print(sorted(l1)) #排序本质就是在比较大小,不同类型之间不可以比较大小
people=[
{'name':'alex','age':1000},
{'name':'wupei','age':10000},
{'name':'yuanhao','age':9000},
{'name':'linhaifeng','age':18},
]
print(sorted(people, key=lambda dic:dic['age']))
排列
people1={
'abyuanhao':11900,
'alex':1200,
'wupei':300,
}
print(sorted(zip(people1.values(), people1.keys())))
print(str('1'))
print(type(str({'a':1})))
dic_str=str({'a':1})
print(type(eval(dic_str)))
l=[1,2,3,4]
print(sum(l))
print(sum(range(5)))
print(type(1))
msg='123'
if type(msg)is str:
msg=int(msg)
res=msg+1
print(res)
def test():
msg='撒旦法阿萨德防撒旦浪费艾丝凡阿斯蒂芬'
print(locals())
print(vars())
test()
print(vars(int))
import------>sys----->__import__()
import test
test.say_hi()
import 'test'#报错
module_name='test'
m=__import__(module_name)
m.say_hi()