springBoot连接hbase，用java操作hbase，实现增删改查功能
简介
- hbase在hadoop的大数据生态里扮演者不可或缺的作用，特别在数据的实时查询方面；
- 当hbase的分布式集群在linux服务器搭建起来之后，我们需要使用java客户端去连接调用，实现数据的增删查改；
- 本篇博客整合了springBoot与hbase的连接与调用，版本配置：hadoop2.7.6；hbase1.3.3；springboot1.5.9
实践
- 首先，需要配置本机的hosts文件，添加hbase的主机映射，配置内容和hadoop的配置差不多，区别就是：ip地址换成阿里云外网的IP地址；
- 如果是windows，hosts文件位置：C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts；
- 配置内容如下：
# 127.0.0.1 localhost
# ::1 localhost
47.100.200.200 hadoop-master
47.100.201.201 hadoop-slave
- 然后，需要配置win客户端的hadoop环境(必须要配置，否则会出错)；
- 下载安装包：hadoop-2.7.6.tar.gz，之后配置hadoop的环境变量，配置方法和java差不多；
- 下载winutils：hadoop-winutils-2.2.0.zip，解压之后，将hadoop-winutils-2.2.0目录下的bin文件全部复制复制到hadoop根目录下的bin目录，有冲突直接覆盖；
- 然后重启电脑，进入cmd命令：hadoop version，出现以下信息，说明环境已经配置成功：
- 环境配置好之后，启动开发工具，首先pom文件添加hbase的相关依赖：
org.apache.hbase
hbase-client
1.3.0
org.slf4j
slf4j-log4j12
log4j
log4j
javax.servlet
servlet-api
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-common
2.6.0
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-mapreduce-client-core
2.6.0
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-mapreduce-client-common
2.6.0
org.apache.hadoop
hadoop-hdfs
2.6.0
jdk.tools
jdk.tools
1.8
system
${JAVA_HOME}/lib/tools.jar
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-configuration-processor
true
- 配置文件yml添加hbase的zookeeper集群管理中心：
#hbase配置，端口默认2181，
hbase:
conf:
confMaps:
'hbase.zookeeper.quorum' : 'hadoop-master:2181,hadoop-slave:2181'
- 新增HbaseConfig类：
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* Hbase配置类
* @author sixmonth
* @Date 2019年5月13日
*
*/
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = HbaseConfig.CONF_PREFIX)
public class HbaseConfig {
public static final String CONF_PREFIX = "hbase.conf";
private Map confMaps;
public Map getconfMaps() {
return confMaps;
}
public void setconfMaps(Map confMaps) {
this.confMaps = confMaps;
}
}
- 新增SpringContextHolder容器类，用于获取spring容器内的bean：
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* Spring的ApplicationContext的持有者，可以用静态方法的方式获取spring容器中的bean
*/
@Component
public class SpringContextHolder implements ApplicationContextAware {
private static ApplicationContext applicationContext;
@Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
SpringContextHolder.applicationContext = applicationContext;
}
public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {
assertApplicationContext();
return applicationContext;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static T getBean(String beanName) {
assertApplicationContext();
return (T) applicationContext.getBean(beanName);
}
public static T getBean(Class requiredType) {
assertApplicationContext();
return applicationContext.getBean(requiredType);
}
private static void assertApplicationContext() {
if (SpringContextHolder.applicationContext == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("applicaitonContext属性为null,请检查是否注入了SpringContextHolder!");
}
}
}
- 新增HBaseUtils工具类：
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.coprocessor.AggregationClient;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.coprocessor.LongColumnInterpreter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.filter.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.DependsOn;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StopWatch;
import com.springboot.sixmonth.common.config.hbase.HbaseConfig;
import com.springboot.sixmonth.common.filter.SpringContextHolder;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.NavigableMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
/**
* hbase工具类
* @author sixmonth
* @Date 2019年5月13日
*
*/
@DependsOn("springContextHolder")//控制依赖顺序，保证springContextHolder类在之前已经加载
@Component
public class HBaseUtils {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
//手动获取hbaseConfig配置类对象
private static HbaseConfig hbaseConfig = SpringContextHolder.getBean("hbaseConfig");
private static Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
private static ExecutorService pool = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(20); //设置hbase连接池
private static Connection connection = null;
private static HBaseUtils instance = null;
private static Admin admin = null;
private HBaseUtils(){
if(connection == null){
try {
//将hbase配置类中定义的配置加载到连接池中每个连接里
Map confMap = hbaseConfig.getconfMaps();
for (Map.Entry confEntry : confMap.entrySet()) {
conf.set(confEntry.getKey(), confEntry.getValue());
}
connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf, pool);
admin = connection.getAdmin();
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("HbaseUtils实例初始化失败！错误信息为：" + e.getMessage(), e);
}
}
}
//简单单例方法，如果autowired自动注入就不需要此方法
public static synchronized HBaseUtils getInstance(){
if(instance == null){
instance = new HBaseUtils();
}
return instance;
}
/**
* 创建表
*
* @param tableName 表名
* @param columnFamily 列族（数组）
*/
public void createTable(String tableName, String[] columnFamily) throws IOException{
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
//如果存在则删除
if (admin.tableExists(name)) {
admin.disableTable(name);
admin.deleteTable(name);
logger.error("create htable error! this table {} already exists!", name);
} else {
HTableDescriptor desc = new HTableDescriptor(name);
for (String cf : columnFamily) {
desc.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(cf));
}
admin.createTable(desc);
}
}
/**
* 插入记录（单行单列族-多列多值）
*
* @param tableName 表名
* @param row 行名
* @param columnFamilys 列族名
* @param columns 列名（数组）
* @param values 值（数组）（且需要和列一一对应）
*/
public void insertRecords(String tableName, String row, String columnFamilys, String[] columns, String[] values) throws IOException {
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
Table table = connection.getTable(name);
Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(row));
for (int i = 0; i < columns.length; i++) {
put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(columnFamilys), Bytes.toBytes(columns[i]), Bytes.toBytes(values[i]));
table.put(put);
}
}
/**
* 插入记录（单行单列族-单列单值）
*
* @param tableName 表名
* @param row 行名
* @param columnFamily 列族名
* @param column 列名
* @param value 值
*/
public void insertOneRecord(String tableName, String row, String columnFamily, String column, String value) throws IOException {
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
Table table = connection.getTable(name);
Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(row));
put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(columnFamily), Bytes.toBytes(column), Bytes.toBytes(value));
table.put(put);
}
/**
* 删除一行记录
*
* @param tablename 表名
* @param rowkey 行名
*/
public void deleteRow(String tablename, String rowkey) throws IOException {
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tablename);
Table table = connection.getTable(name);
Delete d = new Delete(rowkey.getBytes());
table.delete(d);
}
/**
* 删除单行单列族记录
* @param tablename 表名
* @param rowkey 行名
* @param columnFamily 列族名
*/
public void deleteColumnFamily(String tablename, String rowkey, String columnFamily) throws IOException {
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tablename);
Table table = connection.getTable(name);
Delete d = new Delete(rowkey.getBytes()).addFamily(Bytes.toBytes(columnFamily));
table.delete(d);
}
/**
* 删除单行单列族单列记录
*
* @param tablename 表名
* @param rowkey 行名
* @param columnFamily 列族名
* @param column 列名
*/
public void deleteColumn(String tablename, String rowkey, String columnFamily, String column) throws IOException {
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tablename);
Table table = connection.getTable(name);
Delete d = new Delete(rowkey.getBytes()).addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(columnFamily), Bytes.toBytes(column));
table.delete(d);
}
/**
* 查找一行记录
*
* @param tablename 表名
* @param rowKey 行名
*/
public static String selectRow(String tablename, String rowKey) throws IOException {
String record = "";
TableName name=TableName.valueOf(tablename);
Table table = connection.getTable(name);
Get g = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
Result rs = table.get(g);
NavigableMap>> map = rs.getMap();
for (Cell cell : rs.rawCells()) {
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer()
.append(Bytes.toString(cell.getRowArray(), cell.getRowOffset(), cell.getRowLength())).append("\t")
.append(Bytes.toString(cell.getFamilyArray(), cell.getFamilyOffset(), cell.getFamilyLength())).append("\t")
.append(Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifierArray(), cell.getQualifierOffset(), cell.getQualifierLength())).append("\t")
.append(Bytes.toString(cell.getValueArray(), cell.getValueOffset(), cell.getValueLength())).append("\n");
String str = stringBuffer.toString();
record += str;
}
return record;
}
/**
* 查找单行单列族单列记录
*
* @param tablename 表名
* @param rowKey 行名
* @param columnFamily 列族名
* @param column 列名
* @return
*/
public static String selectValue(String tablename, String rowKey, String columnFamily, String column) throws IOException {
TableName name=TableName.valueOf(tablename);
Table table = connection.getTable(name);
Get g = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
g.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(columnFamily), Bytes.toBytes(column));
Result rs = table.get(g);
return Bytes.toString(rs.value());
}
/**
* 查询表中所有行（Scan方式）
*
* @param tablename
* @return
*/
public String scanAllRecord(String tablename) throws IOException {
String record = "";
TableName name=TableName.valueOf(tablename);
Table table = connection.getTable(name);
Scan scan = new Scan();
ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
try {
for(Result result : scanner){
for (Cell cell : result.rawCells()) {
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer()
.append(Bytes.toString(cell.getRowArray(), cell.getRowOffset(), cell.getRowLength())).append("\t")
.append(Bytes.toString(cell.getFamilyArray(), cell.getFamilyOffset(), cell.getFamilyLength())).append("\t")
.append(Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifierArray(), cell.getQualifierOffset(), cell.getQualifierLength())).append("\t")
.append(Bytes.toString(cell.getValueArray(), cell.getValueOffset(), cell.getValueLength())).append("\n");
String str = stringBuffer.toString();
record += str;
}
}
} finally {
if (scanner != null) {
scanner.close();
}
}
return record;
}
/**
* 根据rowkey关键字查询报告记录
*
* @param tablename
* @param rowKeyword
* @return
*/
public List scanReportDataByRowKeyword(String tablename, String rowKeyword) throws IOException {
ArrayList
- 使用方法：
@Autowired
private HBaseUtils hBaseUtils;
@RequestMapping(value = "/test")
public Map test() {
try {
String str = hBaseUtils.scanAllRecord("sixmonth");//扫描表
System.out.println("获取到hbase的内容："+str);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Map map = new HashMap();
map.put("hbaseContent",str);
return map;
}
总结
- hbase客户端java连接调试需要配置的环境变量比较多，可能会碰到很多问题，但针对性解决的方法还是很多很容易的；
- 实践是检验认识真理性的唯一标准，自己动手，丰衣足食~~
参考博客
https://blog.csdn.net/abysscarry/article/details/83317868