PS 之AD命令之Get-ADuser！



Get-user 是一条很强大的命令，通常这条命令产生的结果集合作为其他的命令的输入，他可以查询出单一一个对象，也可以查询出结果集，这综合了之前的dsget和DSquery命令，来完成我们需要设定和完成的任务。

首先我们来看看简单的任务：

我们如果希望了解到某个用户信息，

Get-aduser-identity xupeng |fl

这个时候我们想了解更多的用户信息，怎么办，貌似他只能输出这么多属性，我们需要更多属性怎么办？其实很简单，多添加一个属性，结果就出来了。执行如下命令：

Get-aduser-identity xupeng -properties *

这么多属性不是我们需要的，我们需要的只是账户名称，创建日期，修改日期，密码是否过期等等策略：

Get-aduser -identity xupeng -properties * |ft name,Created,Created,PasswordExpired

OK 查询完单个用户，我们就需要批量执行一些任务了。接下来我们来查询OU下的用户了。比如我们希望查询lineOU下的用户，这个该怎么做呢？

由于查询的目标有当前OU和子集OU之分。所以我们下面举两个例子来看当前OU和带有子集OU的命令差别：

首先我们来看当前OU用户的查询：

Get-aduser -searchbase "ou=line,dc=pilot,dc=com"-searchscope "onelevel" -filter * -properties * |ft name,Created,Created,PasswordExpired

|ft name,Created,Created,PasswordExpired

我们注意到Line OU 下面有子集OU，我们如果需要查询当前OU和子集OU怎么办？执行如下的命令:

Get-aduser -searchbase "ou=line,dc=pilot,dc=com"-searchscope "subtree" -filter * -properties *  |ft name,Created,Created,PasswordExpired|ft name,Created,Created,PasswordExpired

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">

 

两者主要的差别在于搜索的范围的差别，一个只在当前OU，另外一个是OU和子OU。

接下来我们利用get-user 的filter 方法来进行属性的筛选，选择我们需要筛选的部分内容，如果我需要筛选用户名开始为line的部分用户，我的语句怎么写呢？

 Get-ADUser -Properties * -Filter "name-like 'line*'" -SearchScope "subtree" -SearchBase"dc=pilot,dc=com" |ft name

Get一nDUser一Propert 一SearchBase"dc=pilot, dc=com":ft name nane linel lineZ line3 line4 lines" 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Gu06n+GO04FAO9andOpPvmUtE+v8lmkAhsAuvrzVVK94cNN7xLqMhsARnVOp3oqtuN72nG7dD3tHPubor9VH2sKAF2d06meiu3iOrsf6gnds3nVH3cBgKbO6VQf9RvAWkj3wB6N/dMBAPCh1Dmd6qNiO662+zX3qicaAPBh1Tmd6qNiO6yuuQGAUOd0qk9iO30H+2p7Kq6h+7DjJfU4VTQA4MOqczpVn5IGADutPlllWsU2AOxU53SqYhsAdlol9LSKbQDYqc7pVMU2AOy0SuhpFdsAsFOd06mKbQDYaZXQ0/pj++/nX379/NvndhvfSL16v/WzP9rs+C5tn5IGAC2P6/dqj3Vytd3ydfpBKKv+k154OgB8l9L1dF1v+HDTdnHs+hgA7qu4tj7WU7EdF8rpcnnsHPubVT8AkNQ5neqp2C6us/uhntDROPaHyPLUCQAfVp3TqT7qN4AdszmCfBXnAPAx1Tmd6qNiO4U0ADBV53Sqj4rtMF5zH6+/AYA6p1Ndvm87rL6h3fqjcxzQL6zH8ePV9qofAD6sry983zYA8GrSO7PrKrYBYKc6p1N98k3yywQAwGtpQXxpndFGu9oGgF3iMvqMlteutgFgpxbE8RNnl/trLa8f+wYwAOCOxDYAvBtiGwDeDbENAO+G2AaAd0NsA8C7IbYB4N0Q2wDwbohtAHgnfvjh/wAeYjbDdaWUfQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==">

我们也可以使用Where进行属性的筛选，来完成针对用户的筛选：

Get-ADUser -Properties *  -filter *  -SearchScope"subtree" -SearchBase "dc=pilot,dc=com" |where {$_.name -like"line*"}|ft name

当然我们也可以将这些输出的结果保存为文件，我们也只需要执行如下的命令：

Get-ADUser -Properties *  -filter *  -SearchScope"subtree" -SearchBase "dc=pilot,dc=com" |where {$_.name -like"line*"}|select name|export-csv d:\userlist

 

接下来我们在想象另外一个场景，也就是我们的用户如果7天内没有登陆，你需要找到这些用户，该怎么写这个语句呢？且看下面：

怎么写呢？

首先我们要求出来2天前的日期。这个命令很简单：

(get-date).adddays(-2)

那么我们写这串命令就很简单了：

Get-ADUser -Properties *  -filter *  -SearchScope"subtree" -SearchBase "dc=pilot,dc=com" |where {$_.LastLogonDate -le (get-date).adddays(-2)}|ft name,lastlogondate,logoncount

}:ft nane, lane lastlogondate logoncount 日日日日日日日日日日日日日日日

 

这样写就把所有的没有登陆和2天没有登陆的用户列出来了，希望这些对大家有帮助！