iOS 推送通知

  • 注意:通知是一个应用程序级别的操作UIApplication

推送通知 与 NSNotification 区别

  • NSNotification是抽象的,不可见的
  • 推送通知是可见的(能用肉眼看到)

iOS中提供了2种推送通知

  • 本地推送通知(Local Notification)
  • 远程推送通知(Remote Notification)

推送通知的作用

  • 可以让不在前台运行的app,告知用户app内部发生了什么事情

推送通知的呈现效果总结

  • 用户接收的推送通知,都会展示在“通知中心”
    • 从屏幕顶部往下滑,就能调出“通知中心”
  • 显示横幅还是UIAlertView,取决于用户的设置

总结一下,推送通知有5种不同的呈现效果

  • 在屏幕顶部显示一块横幅(显示具体内容
  • 在屏幕中间弹出一个UIAlertView(显示具体内容
  • 在锁屏界面显示一块横幅(锁屏状态下,显示具体内容
  • 更新app图标的数字(说明新内容的数量
  • 播放音效(提醒作用

推送通知的使用细节

  • 发出推送通知时,如果当前程序正运行在前台,那么推送通知就不会被呈现出来

  • 点击推送通知后,默认会自动打开发出推送通知的app

  • 不管app打开还是关闭,推送通知都能如期发出

本地推送

  • AppDelegate.h文件
#import "AppDelegate.h"

@interface AppDelegate ()

@end

@implementation AppDelegate


- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
    
    /*
     UIUserNotificationTypeNone    = 0,      无类型(不给用户发通知)
     UIUserNotificationTypeBadge   = 1 << 0, 是否可以改变应用图标右上角的提示数字
     UIUserNotificationTypeSound   = 1 << 1, 该通知是否会有声音
     UIUserNotificationTypeAlert   = 1 << 2, 是否有弹出提示
     */
    if ([UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion.doubleValue >= 8.0) {
        UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeBadge | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeSound categories:nil];
        [application registerUserNotificationSettings:settings];
    }
    
    if (launchOptions[UIApplicationLaunchOptionsLocalNotificationKey]) {
        // 跳转
        UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc] init];
        label.frame = CGRectMake(0, 300, 300, 300);
        label.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
        label.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@", launchOptions];
        label.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:14];
        label.numberOfLines = 0;
        [self.window.rootViewController.view addSubview:label];
    }
    
    return YES;
}

/**
 *  点击通知打开应用的时候会执行该方法
 *  应用在前台的时候,收到通知也会执行该方法
 *
 *  @param notification 通知
 */
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveLocalNotification:(UILocalNotification *)notification
{
    UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc] init];
    label.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 300, 300);
    label.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
    label.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@", notification];
    label.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:14];
    label.numberOfLines = 0;
    [self.window.rootViewController.view addSubview:label];
//    if (application.applicationState == UIApplicationStateBackground) {
//        
//    }
}

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application openURL:(NSURL *)url sourceApplication:(NSString *)sourceApplication annotation:(id)annotation
{
    return YES;
}

@end
  • 推送
#import "ViewController.h"

@interface ViewController ()

/**
 *  点击按钮后添加本地通知
 */
- (IBAction)addLocalNote;
/**
 *  移除通知(不常用)
 */
- (IBAction)removeLocalNote;

@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
}

/**
 *  点击按钮后添加本地通知
 */
- (IBAction)addLocalNote {
    
    /*
     @property(nonatomic,copy) NSDate *fireDate;
     @property(nonatomic,copy) NSTimeZone *timeZone;
     @property(nonatomic) NSCalendarUnit repeatInterval;
     @property(nonatomic,copy) NSCalendar *repeatCalendar;
     @property(nonatomic,copy) CLRegion *region NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(8_0);
     @property(nonatomic,assign) BOOL regionTriggersOnce NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(8_0);
     
     @property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *alertBody;
     @property(nonatomic) BOOL hasAction;
     @property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *alertAction;
     @property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *alertLaunchImage;
     @property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *soundName;      UILocalNotificationDefaultSoundName
     @property(nonatomic) NSInteger applicationIconBadgeNumber;
     
     
     @property(nonatomic,copy) NSDictionary *userInfo;
     */
    // 1.创建一个本地通知
    UILocalNotification *localNote = [[UILocalNotification alloc] init];
    
    // 1.1.设置通知发出的时间
    localNote.fireDate = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:5];
    
    // 1.2.设置通知发出的内容
    localNote.alertBody = @"吃饭了吗?";
    
    // 1.3.是否弹出提示框
    localNote.hasAction = YES;
    
    // 1.4.设置提示框
    localNote.alertAction = @"赶紧查看";
    
    // 1.5.设置启动的图片
    localNote.alertLaunchImage = @"1111";
    
    // 1.6.设置启动的音效
    localNote.soundName = UILocalNotificationDefaultSoundName;
    
    // 1.7.设置应用图标提醒的数字
    localNote.applicationIconBadgeNumber = 999;
    
    // 1.8.如果想将通知的信息传递过去,必须使用userInfo属性
    localNote.userInfo = @{@"msg" : @"吃饭了吗", @"date" : localNote.fireDate};
    
    // 2.调度通知
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] scheduleLocalNotification:localNote];
    
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] setApplicationIconBadgeNumber:0];
}

- (IBAction)removeLocalNote {
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] cancelAllLocalNotifications];
//    [UIApplication sharedApplication] cancelLocalNotification:(UILocalNotification *)
}
@end

远程推送

  • 1.appDelegate.h文件
#import "AppDelegate.h"

@interface AppDelegate ()

@end

@implementation AppDelegate


- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
    
    if ([UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion.doubleValue >= 8.0) {
        // 1.向用户请求可以给用户推送消息
        UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeBadge | UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert categories:nil];
        [application registerUserNotificationSettings:settings];
        
        // 2.注册远程通知(拿到用户的DeviceToken)
        [application registerForRemoteNotifications];
    } else {
        [application registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge | UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound];
    }
    
    if (launchOptions[UIApplicationLaunchOptionsRemoteNotificationKey]) {
        // 页面的跳转
    }
    
    [application setApplicationIconBadgeNumber:0];
    
    return YES;
}

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken
{
    // 5e8cf393 9e950137 86ac8375 12185078 19eb3ebd 936777e1 f061caec a48cb236
    // 将用户的用户名和deviceToken发送给服务器,让服务器进行保存备份即可
    NSLog(@"%@", deviceToken);
}

/**
 *  当接受到远程通知的时候会调用该方法
 *
 *  @param userInfo    远程通知的信息
 */
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo
{
    // 在这里可以跳转的其他页面
    NSLog(@"%@", userInfo);
}

/**
 *  如果接受到远程通知时,想要后台执行任务,则实现调用该方法
 *
 *  @param userInfo
 *  @param completionHandler 后台执行完之后要告知系统,是否更新成功
 */
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler
{
    NSLog(@"%@", userInfo);
    
    completionHandler(UIBackgroundFetchResultNewData);
}

@end

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