2017-11-03

(A)Well-intentioned parents have unwittingly left their kids defenseless against failure. The current generation (born between 1980 and 2001) grew up playing sport where scores and performance were downplayed because everyone is a winner.

善意的父母无意中让他们的孩子对失败毫无防备。现在的这一代人(出生于1980年到2001年)在体育运动中长大，分数和成绩都被低估了，因为每个人都是赢家。(B)As a result, Stanford University psychologist Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them the “overpraisedgeneration,” Fortunately, onceyou understand the situation, there's some quick corrective action that can be taken. And even if you're well past your child-rearing years, her advice will help you better withstand setbacks

因此，斯坦福大学的心理学家Carol Dweck博士称他们为“过分赞扬的一代”，幸运的是，一旦你了解了这种情况，这里有一些快速的纠正措施。即使你已经度过了抚养孩子的年龄，她的建议也能帮助你更好地抵御挫折。

(C)Dweck has been studying how people handle failure for 40 years. Her research has led her to identify two distinct mind-sets that dramatically influence how we react to it. Here's how they work.

Dweck40年来一直在研究人们如何处理失败。她的研究让她发现了两种截然不同的思维模式，它们会极大地影响我们对它的反应。这是它们是如何工作的。

(D)A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent is genetic-you're a born artist, point guard, or number person. The fixed mind-set believes it's quick to blame, withdrew, lie and even avoid future challenge or risk.

一种固定的心态是根植于这样一种信念:天赋是遗传的——你是天生的艺术家，控球后卫，或者是数学天才。固定思维认为它很快就会受到责备、收回、撒谎，甚至避免未来的挑战或风险。

(E)Conversely, a growth mind-set assumes that no talent is entirely heave-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible. Because the ego isn't on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as opportunity rather than affront. When challenge, it's quick to reassess, adjust, and try again. In fact, people enjoy this process. We are all born growth mind-set. (Otherwise, we wouldn't be able to survive in the world.) But parent, coaches, and teacher often push us into fixed mind-set by rewarding certain behavior and misdirecting praise. Dweck 's book, Mindset：The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program, brainology.us, explain this in depth. But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to guarantee that your kids, grandkids, and even you never get derailed by failure.

相反地，一个增长心态假设没有天赋是完全的，努力和学习使一切成为可能。因为自我并不在这条线上，增长心态把失败看成是机会而不是冒犯。当挑战时，它很快就会重新评估，调整，再试一次。事实上，人们喜欢这个过程。我们都是天生的成长心态。(否则，我们就无法在这个世界上生存下去了。)但是父母、教练和老师经常通过奖励某些行为和误导人来把我们推向固定的心态。德维克的著作《心态:新成功心理学》中,和网上教学计划,brainology。我们，深入地解释一下。但她说，现在你可以开始做很多事情来保证你的孩子，孙子，甚至你永远不会因为失败而脱轨。